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F-Zero

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromF-Zero series)
This article is about the video game series. For the first game in the series, seeF-Zero(video game).
"Captain Falcon" redirects here. For French adventure film, seeCaptain Falcon(film).
F-Zero
Logo since 1998
Genre(s)
Developer(s)
Publisher(s)Nintendo
Creator(s)Shigeru Miyamoto
Takaya Imamura
Platform(s)
First releaseF-Zero
November 21, 1990
Latest releaseF-Zero 99
September 14, 2023

F-Zero[a]is a series of futuristicracing gamespublished byNintendo,developed byNintendo EADand other third-party companies. Thefirst gamewas released for theSuper Famicomin Japan in 1990. Its success promptedNintendoto create sequels on subsequent consoles.[1]

The series is known for its high-speed racing, characters and settings, difficult gameplay, and original music, as well as for pushing technological limits to be one of the fastest racing games. The original game inspired games such asDaytona USA[2]and theWipeoutseries.[3][4]

The series has been largely dormant since the release ofF-Zero Climaxin 2004 in Japan, although elements have been represented in other Nintendo video games, most notably theSuper Smash Bros.andMario Kartfranchises. Past installments have been emulated across multiple Nintendo consoles with theVirtual Consoleservice. The originalF-Zerois one of the selected games emulated on theSuper NES Classic Edition.[5][6]F-Zerowas one of the launch games for theSuper Nintendo Entertainment System: Nintendo Switch Onlinecollection, released on September 5, 2019. After over 19 years of absence, abattle royalebased on the original game, calledF-Zero 99,was released for the Nintendo Switch, exclusively for Nintendo Switch Online members.

Gameplay

[edit]

Each of the games inF-Zeroseries requires the player to beat opponents to the finish line while avoiding obstacles such as land mines and slip zones. The games usually require a mixture of memorization of the tracks and quick reflexes for its fast-paced racing gameplay. InF-ZeroandF-Zero: Maximum Velocity,a speed boost is given to the player for each lap completed. Starting withF-Zero X,players may execute speed boosts if they have finished at least one lap, but now in exchange for losing energy when boosting. It is therefore necessary to use recharge strips around courses to replenish this energy, or risk exploding when it drops to zero. Strategically situated dash plates allow boosts without energy loss. In combination with course obstacles, drivers are allowed to attack each other with their vehicle bodies.

The games' planets include different climates and terrains, and are home to many different races and tribes of aliens. There are geographical differences from game to game, but distinctive locations recur, such as Big Blue, Mute City and Port Town. Circuits are usually set on the outskirts of cities or above them situated high in planet atmospheres at an elevation as much as 300 feet (91 m) above ground. They contain anti-gravitational guide beams on both sides of the course that keep them in place.[7]Rich merchants from cities in the clouds or asteroids with almost uninhabitable environments invested their wealth in the construction of racing circuits.[7]Some cities have multiple circuits—circuits not used for the Grand Prix are open to pilots for practice. The dynamic structure of the courses are colossal in scale, as most circuits feature a single lap that spans over six miles (10 km).[8]

The vehicles used to race in these video games are known as "F-Zero machines", which are designed to hover instead of travel on wheels. An anti-gravity unit, known as the "G-Diffuser System" (first used by theStar Foxfranchise'sArwing),[9]allows an F-Zero machine to drive at high speeds while retaining a hold of the track, located from a few inches to a foot below it.[4]However, the slip zones, also referred to as the "magnetic field block coat" in the firstF-Zerogame, blocks the vehicle from retaining a hold on the track. The racing machines developed for these tracks used the latest in this magnetic technology, and are able to perform tune-ups.[4][7]Out of the over forty-four known machines, only five do not weigh over ashort ton.[10]F-Zeromachines have a maximum speed exceeding that of sound. This is possible due to the ultra-compact micro-plasma engines used by the machines.[11]

Each machine has four basic performance attributes: body, boost, grip, and weight. Body, boost, and grip are rated on a scale from A to E (A being the best, E, the worst).[12]The higher a machine's Body rating, the more durable it is and the less damage it will sustain in a collision. Machines with a good Body rating are, therefore, able to withstand more attacks before exploding.[10]The Boost rating takes into account the duration of a vehicle's boost, and how great a speed increase it provides. A machine with a high rating can travel at higher than normal speeds for a longer period of time.[10]Grip determines how well a machine negotiates turns. A higher Grip rating means that the player's vehicle will execute steadier turns, while a low one will cause the vehicle to drift more, especially when turning tightly.[10]Weight affects a vehicle's acceleration, grip, cornering ability, maximum speed, and the amount of damage it sustains in a collision. A lighter vehicle is superior in the first three categories, while a heavier vehicle has the advantage in the latter two.[10][12]

Plot

[edit]

While there were originally fourF-Zeropilots in the first game, this has grown with each game to more than 40 characters in the later games of the series. Each character has their own unique vehicle, story and reason for entering the F-Zero Grand Prix, but the most well known character is Captain Falcon. The winner of the Grand Prix receives a huge sum of prize money, but many pilots have been lost pursuing it.[8]

TheF-Zerogames are derived from the 20th and 21st centuryFormula Oneraces[3][7]and the fictitious F-Max Grand Prix races from the 24th century.[11]The games portray races in the future as having come under the influence of wealthy ex-space merchants. They thought that a fast and violent race would be an effective way to get people to gamble, so the ex-merchants established theF-ZeroExecution Project.[11]TheF-ZeroGrand Prix dates to the 26th century, and is still sponsored by the wealthy elite who originally organized the Execution Project for those events. These races feature the most technologically advanced racing machines, competing in numerous circuits of fast-paced action. It is known for its wild fans, and usually eccentric competitors. Winners of the Grand Prix receive large sums of money, as well as a great deal of prestige throughout the universe.[8]

TheF-Zerogames are primarily set on a futuristic Earth in the 26th century, although some games take place much earlier and some circuits have been set on different planets.F-Zero Xdefined the F-Max Grand Prix as the precursor to theF-Zeroraces which took place during the 24th century.[11]According to the American version ofF-Zero GX,the greatest driver in the F-Max Grand Prix was Sterling LaVaughn;[8]a statement that would lead to inconsistencies in the sequence of events ofF-Zero's storyline.

F-Zerobegins in the year 2560 where the human race's countless encounters with alien life forms throughout the universe greatly expanded Earth's social framework resulting in trade, technology transfer, and cultural interchange are carried out on an interplanetary basis. An association of wealthy space merchants created the "F-Zero Grand Prix", in an attempt to add some excitement to their opulent lifestyles. When the first race was held, people were angered at the brutality of the competition, due to the various obstacles and traps along the raceway. As time passed, however, they became accustomed to these dangers, and even began to demand more excitement and danger in the races. Winning theF-Zerochampionship soon became the highest claim to fame in the universe. This period of time is called the "old-school"F-Zerodays where the rules seemed non-existent inF-Zero X.[7]

F-Zero X's storyline starts after the seven-year suspension of Grand Prix races due to the Horrific Grand Finale.[13]The game explains the "Horrific Grand Finale" was a violent and fiery accident that burnt fourteen drivers to death, including Sterling LaVaughn during the old days ofF-Zero.[13]A racer named Super Arrow escaped unscathed as the only survivor. No racing was allowed by the Federation after the crash; despite theF-Zeroracing prohibition, the sport went underground where many racers went to hone their skills in secret.[14]The crash ushered in the establishment of the "F-Zero Racing Academy", after a speech, by Super Arrow to the Federation Congress, which helped to lift the ban.[15]The fictional competition was brought back with the rules and regulations revised.[11]

F-Zero: Maximum Velocitytakes place 25 years after the original in the year 2585. Players race against the descendants of the original F-Zero racers.[16]Maximum Velocityis considered areboot continuityto the rest of the home console games since it has made no indication of the safety revisions carried forth after the huge accident, in fact it states just like the originalF-Zerogame, the extreme danger involved when participating in those races.

F-Zero GXdoes not mention the Grand Finale event, but instead the game states Sterling LaVaughn was racing during theF-Maxera and the F-Zero Grand Prix was suspended four years ago.[8]This game states the character Mighty Gazelle was injured in the huge accident four years ago. The Nintendo 64 game mentions that Mighty Gazelle's accident and the accident that suspended the Grand Prix were two separate events.[8][11]

F-Zero: GP Legendis set in a different continuity and begins in the year 2201.[17]It was continued withF-Zero Climax.These games feature some different incarnations of Captain Falcon, Zoda, and other characters.

Development

[edit]
Release timeline
Main entries inbold
1990F-Zero
1991–1995
1996BS F-Zero Grand Prix
1997BS F-Zero Grand Prix 2
1998F-Zero X
1999
2000F-Zero X Expansion Kit
2001Maximum Velocity
2002
2003F-Zero GX
F-Zero AX
F-Zero GP Legend
2004F-Zero Climax
2005–2022
2023F-Zero 99
Further information:List of F-Zero media
F-Zero,one of the first games to useMode 7

SNES / Super Famicom (1990-1997)

[edit]

The first game in the series originally launched for the Super NES,F-Zerowas also the first game for the platform to use a technique that Nintendo called "Mode 7Scrolling ". When Mode 7 was combined with scaling and positioning of the layer on a scanline-by-scanline basis it could simulate3Denvironments. Such techniques in games were considered to be revolutionary in a time when most console games were restricted to static/flat backgrounds and 2-dimensional (2D) objects. The result was developerNintendo EADcreating a game thatIGNreviewer Craig Harris called the fastest and smoothest pseudo-3D console racer of its time.[18]F-Zerowas one of the launch games for the SNES thatNintendo Entertainment Analysis and Developmenthad approximately fifteen months to develop completely.[19]In Japan, only it andSuper Mario Worldwere initially available for launch.[20]In North America and Europe,Super Mario Worldshipped with the console, and other initial games includedF-Zero,Pilotwings(which also demonstrated the console's "Mode 7"pseudo-3D rendering capability),SimCity,andGradius III.[21]

F-Zerolater had a sequel for the SNES that was cancelled,[22]but was released unfinished through the Japanese-onlySatellaviewperipheral under the nameBS F-Zero Grand Prixin 1996. Like most Satellaview games it was released in parts across multiple broadcasts, and featured an update of the first game. It was followed up byBS F-Zero Grand Prix 2in 1997, an expansion which featured brand new courses.[3][23]

Zero Racers(G-Zero) was in development for theVirtual Boyin early 1996. The game was completed and had an age rating from theESRB,but never released as the console was discontinued.[24]The game was previewed byNintendo Power,and had been earmarked for launch in the United States in fall 1996.[25]Gameplay differed from all otherF-Zerogames as the vehicles race in all three spatial dimensions in tunnels.

Return to international markets (1998-2004)

[edit]

After a seven-year hiatus outside Japan, the series made the transition to 3D with the third installment,F-Zero Xon theNintendo 64.The game introduces twenty-six new vehicles, while also including the four from the originalF-Zerogame. In addition to a Grand Prix mode, the game introduces a "death race" mode and a random track generator called the "X Cup". In the death race, the player's objective is to annihilate the twenty-nine other racers as speedily as possible, while the X Cup generates a different set of tracks each time played.[26]The hardware limitations of the N64 resulted in the game running at 60 frames per second with thirty machines on screen at the same time, but with little processor power left for graphical detail and music.[27]

Graphical detail was a sacrifice that had to be made inF-Zero Xto keep the game at 60 frames per second.[26]

ANintendo 64DDexpansion,F-Zero X Expansion Kit,was released in Japan as the last 64DD add-on disk for the system. TheExpansion Kitadded a course editor, a vehicle editor, two new cups, three new machines, and new music. The course editor was the main attraction of this expansion, and was praised for its depth, as it was virtually the same program the game's designers used to make the courses.[28]

F-Zero: Maximum Velocityis the series' fourth released installment, but the first incarnation of the franchise for Nintendo'sGame Boy handheld.It was the first game developed by the first party subsidiaryNDcube.[29]ThisGame Boy Advance(GBA) launch game returned to the SNESF-Zero's gameplay with a Mode 7-styled game engine.[18]

F-Zero GXwas released for theGameCubeand developed bySega'sAmusement Visionteam, and is the firstF-Zerogame to feature a story mode. The game was initially titledF-Zero GC.The arcade counterpart ofGXwas calledF-Zero AX,which was released alongside of its Nintendo GameCube counterpart in mid-2003. The game had three types of arcade cabinets; standard, the "Monster Ride", and the deluxe (which resembled anF-Zerovehicle).F-Zero AXhad six original courses and ten original characters. However, by certain difficult means, the six courses and ten characters could be unlocked inF-Zero GX.[30][31]

F-Zero: GP Legendis the secondhandheldgame released for theGame Boy Advanceand the second installment featuring a story mode; however, this one is based on theanimeseries of thesame name,introducing a new character named Ryu Suzaku/Rick Wheeler.[32]Unlike the games before it,GP Legendtakes place in an alternate continuity set in the 22nd century, instead of following the original continuity set in the 26th century.[17]

F-Zero Climaxwas released in Japan for theGame Boy Advanceon October 21, 2004. Like its handheld predecessor,F-Zero: GP Legend,Climaxwas published by Nintendo and developed by both them andSuzak.This is the firstF-Zerogame to have a built-in track editor without the need for an expansion or add-on. Custom tracks can be saved to one of thirty slots for future use and they can be exchanged with other players via link cable. If memory becomes full or link cable connection cannot be done, the game can generate a password for the track; when it is input on anyClimaxcartridge, the password will generate the track.[33]

Hiatus (2004-2023)

[edit]

Takaya Imamura, who worked directly onF-Zerothroughout its different incarnations, said in 2003 "hav[ing] worked on theF-Zeroseries, and seeing the results of the collaboration with Sega, I found myself at something of a loss as to how we can take the franchise further pastF-Zero GXandAX".[34]

Edgemagazine asked Shigeru Miyamoto in April 2012 regarding a futureF-Zeroinstallment. Miyamoto stated: "I think at the time [F-Zero] was a really big surprise, a new thing, a product that made sense and the Wii and DS lacks to create a similar impact".[35]In June 2015, news siteNintendo Lifereported that in early 2011 Nintendo of Europe approachedBurnoutseries developerCriterion Gamesto work on a pitch for a new F-Zero game which they hoped to unveil atE3 that same yearalongside the then-unreleasedWii Uconsole, and potentially release the game during the console's launch period. However, the developer was unable to handle the pitch as, at the time, they devoted much of their resources into the development ofNeed for Speed: Most Wantedfor multiple platforms. Criterion co-founder Alex Ward (who left the company in 2014) confirmed that Nintendo of Europe did indeed approach the company for a potentialF-Zerogame on the Wii U.[36]

In a January 2015 video fromSmosh Games,Miyamoto was featured as guest star and stated that a new installment in the franchise could be possible if Nintendo were to develop a unique controller interface for one of theirupcoming consolesthat would be suited for a new game.[37]

Six years later, the producer ofF-Zero GX,Toshihiro Nagoshisaid that he would be open to working with Nintendo on another installment if the company were given the opportunity to do so, and that he would make a futureF-Zerogame challenging for advanced players, unlike the "fun and accessible" nature of Nintendo'sMario Kartseries.[38]In July 2023, former Nintendo artist Takaya Imamura cited the massive popularity ofMario Kartas a key factor to why there hasn't been any new developments with theF-Zeroseries.[39]

F-Zero 99(2023)

[edit]

F-Zero 99was released for theNintendo Switchon September 14, 2023 following its announcement in a Nintendo Direct the same day. The game is a battle royale remake of the originalF-Zerotaking inspiration fromTetris 99andPac-Man 99having 99 racers on the track at once. The game is available for free on theeShopbut requires aNintendo Switch Online subscriptionto play.

Reception

[edit]
Aggregate review scores
Game Year GameRankings Metacritic
(out of 100)
F-Zero 1990 83%[40] —
F-Zero X 1998 87%[41] 85[42]
F-Zero: Maximum Velocity 2001 84%[43] 86[44]
F-Zero GX 2003 89%[45] 89[46]
F-Zero: GP Legend 2003 77%[47] 77[48]
F-Zero 99 2023 — 80[49]

IGN's Lucas Thomas called the design and style ofMach Rideras an influence to theF-Zeroseries noting its sense of speed where players have "only a split second to react before you crash into a rock or enemy road warrior".[50]Matt CasamassinaofIGNsaid in 2003 that theF-Zerofranchise has remained regarded one of the best video game series in the racing genre.[51]

In 2008, an editor from Pro-G statedF-Zero GX"still ranks as one of the best high-speed racers ever made, but the series has been lying dormant for years".[52]

The Tampa Tribune's review ofGP Legendmentioned that "it feels a little strange to see what was an esoteric-but-outstanding racing franchise attempt to go mass-market".[53]

Nintendo World Report gaveClimaxa 7.5 out of 10.[54]Siliconera praised the fast gameplay and track editor features, but criticized it for feeling more like anexpansion packthan a sequel.[55]

Shigeru Miyamotocommented in 2007 that pastF-ZeroandStar Foxcollaborations with outside development houses turned out to be a disappointment for Nintendo. He stated that "consumers got very excited about the idea of those games, but the games themselves did not deliver".[56]

Legacy

[edit]

Anime

[edit]
F-Zero: GP Legend
Anime television series
Directed byAmi Tomobuki
Produced byFukashi Azuma
Yutaka Sugiyama
Kiyonori Hirase
Written byAkiyoshi Sakai
Music byTakayuki Negishi
StudioAshi Productions
Licensed by
Original networkTV Tokyo
Original runOctober 7, 2003–September 28, 2004
Episodes51

F-Zero: GP Legend[b]is a 51 episode animated adaptation of the video game series produced byTV Tokyo,DentsuandAshi Productionsand directed by Ami Tomobuki, with Akiyoshi Sakai handling series composition,Toyoo Ashidadesigning the characters andTakayuki Negishicomposing the music.[57]Shigeru MiyamotoandTakaya Imamuraserved as supervisors for the series.[58]It debuted in Japan on October 7, 2003, on TV Tokyo; the final episode aired on September 28, 2004.[17][59]4Kids Entertainmentlicensed the anime series for North American broadcast. According to Kombo, inNorth America,the show was modified by 4Kids.[60]Fifteen episodes ofGP Legendaired on the FoxBox channel in the United States before its cancellation. It was being re-aired onTokyo MXfrom 7:30 to 8:00 every Thursday in Japan.[61]It is a reboot of the franchise taking place in the year 2201. Lifeforms from all across the galaxy come to compete in the new racing tournament called "F-Zero".

InItalythe series was broadcast onJetix.

Police detective Ryu Suzaku (Rick Wheeler in the 4Kids adaptation) is one of theprotagonists.[17]He suffers a near-fatal car accident while in pursuit of an escaped criminal named Zoda. Ryu nearly dies and is put in cryogenic suspension until he is revived in the year 2201 by Mobile Task Force members Jody Summer and Dr. Stewart. The Task Force tries to keep prize money out of the hands of unsavory people like the Dark Million Organization run by Black Shadow and Deathborn. That organization is responsible for cryogenically evolving Ryu's old enemy Zoda, leading to Ryu joining the Task Force to help take down Zoda and the rest of Dark Million. While pursuing his objectives, Ryu unexpectedly meets up with the legendary racer and bounty hunter Captain Falcon, as well as several other various racers along the way.

Captain Falcon is one of the protagonists,[17]and is shrouded in mystery. When not racing, he works at a bar that he owns under the name Bart (Burt in the 4Kids adaptation) Lemming. Later it is revealed that he is Andy Summer, Jody's brother, who supposedly died in the accident that revolved around Zoda (unbeknownst to the rest of the Mobile Task Force for the majority of the series). He fights constantly against Black Shadow and the Dark Million Organization, and often lends a hand to the Task Force. Towards the end of the series, "The Legend of Falcon" is told to Ryu by Dr. Stewart. According to the legend, Captain Falcon and Black Shadow are incarnations of light and dark, and in the manner of Yin and Yang, they cannot defeat each other on their own. Also, in the beginning of the Universe, after the Big Bang, six powerful objects called "Reactor Mights" were created, and the one who controls them all gains unimaginable power. It is also revealed that Ryu Suzaku is "The Savior" of the Universe and is destined to finally tip the scales in Falcon's favor. During the final battle, Falcon and Ryu team up to destroy Black Shadow's Dark Matter Reactor with their collected Reactor Mights. But before Captain Falcon fights with Black Shadow, Falcon tells Ryu that the name of "Captain Falcon" is a title given only to the best, that "only the one who can exceed Falcon can become Falcon". After telling this to Ryu, Falcon proceeds to fight Black Shadow ending in Black Shadow's defeat and Captain Falcon's sacrifice. Shortly after the battle, Ryu becomes the new Captain Falcon and driver of the Blue Falcon.

The anime uses two pieces of theme music in the series; one opening theme and one ending theme. The opening theme is called "The Meaning of Truth" and is sung byHiro-x.The ending theme is called "Resolution" and is sung byAiM.The opening animation for each changes after the first thirty-nine episodes, while the opening animation adds the sound effects for the show's title card after the first four episodes. The final episode did not air with an opening due to the opening theme being played during the final battle's climax scene.

Other media

[edit]

F-Zerohas appeared in other franchises, most notably in Nintendo's fighting gamecrossover franchiseSuper Smash Bros.,where Captain Falcon has consistently appeared as a well established playable character. His moveset is almost entirely original; as ofSuper Smash Bros. Brawl,however, Falcon makes a reference toF-Zeroby using the Blue Falcon as his "Final Smash",a powerful, single-use special move.[62]TheSuper Smash Bros.franchise also features a few stages directly derived from the games, such as Mute City or Big Blue, and includes many otherF-Zerocharacters as virtual trophies, stickers, and spirits. The Blue Falcon appears inMario Kart Wiias a vehicle, though only small/light characters can use it. The Blue Falcon also appears inMario Kart 8,albeit viaThe Legend of Zelda × Mario Kart 8downloadable contentpack.[63]The same DLC pack also adds a course based on Mute City, while theAnimal Crossing × Mario Kart 8DLCpack adds a course based on Big Blue.[63]The Captain Falconamiibofigure is used inMario Kart 8to unlock aMiicostume based on his appearance. The amiibo figure is also used to unlock a Captain Falcon costume inSuper Mario Maker.[64]A minigame based on theF-Zeroseries,Captain Falcon's Twister Race,is part of theWii Uensemble gameNintendo Land.Several playable characters can dress as Nintendo characters in the Wii U version ofTekken Tag Tournament 2,whereBruce Irvin,Bryan Fury,Craig Marduk,andRavencan take on Captain Falcon's appearance.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Japanese:エフゼロ,Hepburn:Efu Zero
  2. ^Japanese:F-ZERO ファルコン vân nói,Hepburn:Efu Zero Farukon Densetsu, literally "F-Zero: Legend of Falcon/Falcon Legend"

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[edit]
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