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Geonoma

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Geonoma
YoungGeonoma undata
Scientific classificationEdit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Arecoideae
Tribe: Geonomateae
Genus: Geonoma
Willd.
Species

64, see text

Synonyms

GynestumPoit.
KalbreyeraBurret
RoebeliaEngel
TaeniantheraBurret
VouayAubl.

Geonoma stricta stricta-MHNT

Geonomais agenusof small to medium-sizedpalmsnative to the forestunderstoreyoftropicalCentral and South America.

This palm genus is one of the largest in theNeotropics.[1]Its 64speciesare distributed fromMexicoandHaitiin the north toParaguayin the south; two are found in theLesser Antilles.[2]

Uses

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In South America, the leaves of species such asGeonoma deversa,Geonoma orbignyana,andGeonoma macrostachysare economically important for their use in thatching roofs.[3]

Taxonomy

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The genus is a member of the palm tribeGeonomateae(Arecaceae:Arecoideae), an importantNeotropicalgroup due to its wide distribution across Central and South America, its diversity and abundance, and the use of a number of species by local human populations.[4]The distribution of the tribe Geonomeae stretches from southeast Mexico down through Central America and into South America, notablyBrazilandBolivia,and species are also found in the Greater and LesserAntilles.[5]This tribe consists of a group of understory and sub-canopy palms that populate both tropical lowland andmontane forests.While members of this group are relatively easy to collect, as they are not canopy palms or spiny palms, and are well represented inherbaria,the taxonomy and phylogeny of the species within the tribe are still uncertain.[6][7]The resolution of the tribe has been disputed despite the fact thatGeonomateaespecies are characterized by three morphologicalsynapomorphies:the petals of pistillate flowers are basally connate, the presence of slender and elongatestyles,and the flowers are borne in pits in therachillae.[8]

Species

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The following species are currently recognized:[9]

References

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  1. ^Henderson, Andrew; Galeano-Garces, Gloria; Bernal, Rodrigo (1997).Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas.Princeton University Press. pp. 214–215.ISBN0691016003.
  2. ^Morici, C. (2004). "Palmeras e islas: la insularidad en una de las familias más diversas del reino vegetal".Ecología insular/Island ecology:81–122.
  3. ^Brokamp, Grischa (2015).Relevance and Sustainability of Wild Plant Collection in NW South America: Insights from the Plant Families Arecaceae and Krameriaceae.Wiesbaden: Springer Spektrum.doi:10.1007/978-3-658-08696-1.ISBN978-3-658-08695-4.
  4. ^Roncal, J. Francisco-Ortega, C.B. Asmussen, and C.E. Lewis (2005). 'Molecular phylogenetics of the tribe Geonomeae (Arecaceae) using nuclear DNA sequences of Phosphoribulokinase and RNA Polymerase II'. (Systematic Botany 30(2): 275–283).
  5. ^Wessels Boer (1968) as cited by Roncal, J. Francisco-Ortega, C.B. Asmussen, and C.E. Lewis (2005). 'Molecular phylogenetics of the tribe Geonomeae (Arecaceae) using nuclear DNA sequences of Phosphoribulokinase and RNA Polymerase II'. (Systematic Botany 30(2): 275–283)
  6. ^Roncal, J. Francisco-Ortega, C.B. Asmussen, and C.E. Lewis (2005). 'Molecular phylogenetics of the tribe Geonomeae (Arecaceae) using nuclear DNA sequences of Phosphoribulokinase and RNA Polymerase II'. (Systematic Botany 30(2): 275–283)
  7. ^Asmussen, C.B. and Chase, M.W. (2001) 'Coding and noncoding plastid DNA in palm systematics' (American Journal of Botany 88: 1103–1117)
  8. ^Uhl and Dransfield 1987 as cited by Roncal, J. Francisco-Ortega, C.B. Asmussen, and C.E. Lewis (2005). 'Molecular phylogenetics of the tribe Geonomeae (Arecaceae) using nuclear DNA sequences of Phosphoribulokinase and RNA Polymerase II'. (Systematic Botany 30(2): 275–283)
  9. ^"Geonoma — The Plant List".theplantlist.org.Retrieved2017-08-28.
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