German submarineU-399
History | |
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Nazi Germany | |
Name | U-399 |
Ordered | 25 August 1941 |
Builder | Howaldtswerke,Kiel |
Yard number | 31 |
Laid down | 12 November 1942 |
Launched | 4 December 1943 |
Commissioned | 22 January 1944 |
Fate | Sunk in theEnglish Channelon 26 March 1945[1] |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Type VIICsubmarine |
Displacement | |
Length |
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Beam |
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Height | 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in) |
Draught | 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in) |
Installed power |
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Propulsion |
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Speed |
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Range | |
Test depth |
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Complement | 4 officers, 40–56 enlisted |
Armament |
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Service record[2] | |
Part of: |
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Identification codes: | M 46 386 |
Commanders: |
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Operations: |
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Victories: |
German submarineU-399was aType VIICU-boatofNazi Germany'sKriegsmarineduringWorld War II.
She carried out one patrol. She sank one ship and caused another to be declared a total loss.
She was sunk in theEnglish Channelon 26 March 1945.
Design
[edit]German Type VIIC submarineswere preceded by the shorterType VIIB submarines.U-399had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.[3]She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), apressure hulllength of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), abeamof 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and adraughtof 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by twoGermaniawerftF46 four-stroke, six-cylindersuperchargeddiesel enginesproducing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, twoGarbe, Lahmeyer & Co.RP 137/cdouble-acting electric motorsproducing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft)propellers.The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[3]
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).[3]When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).U-399was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in)torpedo tubes(four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteentorpedoes,one8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun,(220 rounds), one3.7 cm (1.5 in) Flak M42and two twin2 cm (0.79 in) C/30anti-aircraft guns. The boat had acomplementof between forty-four and sixty.[3]
Service history
[edit]The submarine waslaid downon 12 November 1942 at theHowaldtswerke(yard) atKielas yard number 31,launchedon 4 December 1943 andcommissionedon 22 January 1944 under the command ofOberleutnant zur SeeKurt van Meteren.
She served with the5th U-boat Flotillafrom 22 January 1944 and the11th flotillafrom 1 February 1945.
The boat's first patrol was preceded by the short journey fromKielin Germany toHorten Naval Base(south of Oslo), arriving at the Norwegian port on 28 January 1945.
Patrol and loss
[edit]U-399departed Horten on 6 February 1945. On 21 March, she torpedoed theLiberty shipJames Eagan Layne"about twelve miles offPlymouth".The ship was beached at nearbyWhitesand Baybut settled on the bottom; at high water, only her masts and funnel showed. She was declared a total loss.
The boat sank the Dutch-registeredPacificon 26 March 1945. This ship had taken part in OperationDynamo,the Dunkirk evacuation, in 1940.
U-399was sunk later on the same day bydepth chargesfrom the BritishfrigateHMSDuckworth.[2]
Forty-six men died inU-399;there was one survivor.
Summary of raiding history
[edit]Date | Ship Name | Nationality | Tonnage (GRT) |
Fate[4] |
---|---|---|---|---|
21 March 1945 | James Eagan Layne | United States | 7,176 | Total loss |
26 March 1945 | Pacific | Netherlands | 362 | Sunk |
References
[edit]- ^Kemp 1999,p. 239.
- ^abHelgason, Guðmundur."The Type VIIC boat U-399".German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net.Retrieved10 September2012.
- ^abcdGröner 1991,pp. 43–46.
- ^Helgason, Guðmundur."Ships hit by U-399".German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net.Retrieved26 December2014.
Bibliography
[edit]- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999).German U-boat commanders of World War II: a biographical dictionary.Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press.ISBN1-55750-186-6.
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999).Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945[German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler.ISBN3-8132-0514-2.
- Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991).U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels.German Warships 1815–1945. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press.ISBN0-85177-593-4.
- Kemp, Paul (1999).U-Boats Destroyed – German Submarine Losses in the World Wars.London: Arms & Armour.ISBN1-85409-515-3.
External links
[edit]- Helgason, Guðmundur."The Type VIIC boat U-399".German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net.Retrieved26 December2014.