Jump to content

Glossary of tornado terms

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is aglossary of tornado terms.It includesscientificas well as selected informal terminology.

A[edit]

Atmosphere

B[edit]

C[edit]

D[edit]

E[edit]

F[edit]

G[edit]

H[edit]

I[edit]

  • In situ
  • Inflow
  • Inflow jet
  • Inflow notch
  • Instability
  • Intense tornado– A tornado rated F3-F5 or EF3-EF5.
  • Institute for Disaster Research(IDR)

J[edit]

K[edit]

L[edit]

M[edit]

N[edit]

O[edit]

P[edit]

Q[edit]

R[edit]

S[edit]

  • Safe room
  • Satellite tornado– A smaller tornado that orbits a primary tornado associated with the samemesocyclone.
  • Scouring– Term used when soil and dirt is pulled from the surface after a tornado.
  • Scud(Scattered Cumulus Under Deck)
  • Severe local storm(SLS) – A thunderstorm presenting severe characteristics in a localized area.
  • Severe Local Storms Unit(SELS) – A team ofNational Weather Serviceexperts tasked with forecastingconvectiveweather. It was eventually included as a unit within the NSSFC.
  • Severe thunderstorm(svr) – A hazardous thunderstorm capable of causing injury or damage. The U.S. National Weather Service defines a severe thunderstorm as one producing 58 mph (93 km/h) or greater winds, 1 in (2.5 cm) or larger hail, or producing a funnel cloud or tornado.
  • Shallow convection– Occurs when convective instability exists, but no convection occurs
  • Shear–Wind shear– Winds aloft, often measured in knots.
  • Shear funnel– Brief, often weak funnel generated by shear in a thunderstorm.
  • Shelf cloud– Generally associated with strong thunderstorms, found along the leading edge. Horizontal and dark in appearance.
  • Shortwave trough– Embedded kink within seen in overall troughing patterns.
  • Significant tornado– A substantial tornado, one that is rated F2-F5 or EF2-EF5.Grazulisalso includes (E)F0-(E)F1 tornadoes that cause a fatality in his definition for The Tornado Project database.
  • Significant tornado parameter(STP) – Model parameter calculated using Shear values, Instability values, and vorticity values.
  • Skipping tornado– Often considered aMulti-vortex tornado.
  • Skywarn– The storm spotting program of the USNational Weather Service.Skywarn organizations have also been formed inEurope.The Canadian program isCanwarn.
  • Slight risk(SLGT)
  • Space Science and Engineering Center(SSEC)
  • Speed shear
  • Spin-up– A small, ephemeral vortex. These can refer to tornadoes spawned by quasi-linear convective systems or tropical cyclones, which occasionally become strong and fairly long track. A spin-up may sometimes refer to a landspout or gustnado (the latter of which is rarely an actual tornado).
  • Splitting storm(orstorm split)
  • Stability index
  • Stacked low
  • Steam devil
  • Storm chasing– Traveling with the intent to observe tornadoes and othersevere weather.
  • Storm interaction
  • Storm merger
  • Storm relative environmental helicity(SREH) orstorm relative helicity(SRH)
  • Storm shelter
  • Storm spotting– The observation of severe weather by individuals trained in weather and reporting. Spotters can be stationary or mobile.
  • Storm Data(SD) – ANational Climatic Data Center(NCDC) publication beginning in 1959 detailing quality controlled tornado and other severe weather summaries as the officialNOAArecord of such events.
  • Storm Prediction Center(SPC) – The NWS national guidance center that issues tornado, severe thunderstorm (straight-line wind and hail), and wildfireforecasts.
  • Storm scale
  • Storm Track (magazine)(ST) – A science and hobby magazine on storm chasing published from 1977 to 2002.
  • Stovepipe tornado– (slang) Storm chaser slang for a large cylindrically shaped tornado resembling astovepipe.
  • Straight-line wind
  • Streamline
  • Streamwise vorticity
  • Striations
  • Strong tornado– A tornado rated F2-F3, EF2-EF3, T4-T7, or at least as strong as F2, EF2, T4.
  • Subsidence
  • Subvortex– A smaller constituent vortex within a (multiple vortex) tornado.
  • Suction spot– Older term for a subvortex.
  • Supercell(sup)
  • Supercell composite parameter(SCP) – Model parameter calculated using Instability values, Helicity, and effective bulk wind difference.
  • Supertornado– (slang) A colloquial term used to refer to a tornado achieving the maximum of some measurement, such as a F5/EF5 tornado.
  • Surface weather analysis
  • Surface weather observation
  • Synoptic scale meteorology

T[edit]

Tornado rating classifications
F0
EF0 		F1
EF1 		F2
EF2 		F3
EF3 		F4
EF4 		F5
EF5
Weak Strong Violent
Significant
Intense
  • Tail– (slang) A colloquial term for a tornado; most commonly used in the Southern U.S.
  • Tail cloud
  • Temperature
  • Terminal Doppler Weather Radar(TDWR) –
  • Thermal
  • Thermodynamics
  • Thunderstorm(tstm)
  • The Thunderstorm Project
  • Thunderstorm spectrum
  • Tilted updraft
  • Tornado(tor)
  • Tornado Alley– A colloquial term referring to regions where tornadoes are perceived as striking more frequently than other areas. It may also be referred to as atornado belt,especially when describing smaller areas.
  • Tornado climatology– The study of geographical and temporal distribution of tornadoes and causes thereof.
  • Tornado couplet– A primary cyclonic tornado and secondaryanticyclonic tornadopair.
  • Tornado Debris Project(TDP)
  • Tornado debris signature(TDS) – A more formal term for adebris ball.
  • Tornado emergency– Enhanced wording used by the U.S. National Weather Service in atornado warningorsevere weather statementwhen a large, intense tornado is expected to impact a highly populated area (traverse a large city or dense suburbs).
  • Tornado family– A series of tornadoes spawned by successive (low-level)mesocyclonesof the samesupercellthunderstorm in a process known ascyclic tornadogenesis.Multiple such supercells occurring on the same day in a common region results in acorridor outbreakof tornadoes.
  • Tornado fog
  • Tornado Force scale(TF scale)
  • Tornado Intercept Project(TIP)
  • Tornado outbreak
  • Tornado outbreak sequence
  • Tornado preparedness
  • The Tornado Project(TP) – A concerted research effort from the 1970s-1990s byThomas P. Grazulisthat compiled tornado information for risk assessment. TP published exhaustive accounts, tabulations, and analysis of all known significant tornadoes in the US from 1680 to 1995, which comprises one of three tornado databases.
  • Tornado pulse
  • Tornado rating– A subjective integer value assigned to a tornado differentiating its intensity (or path length or width), typically as a proxy inferred by damage analysis.
  • Tornado roar
  • Tornado scale
  • Tornado season
  • Tornado stages
  • Tornado Symposium
  • Tornado vortex signature(ortornadic vortex signature) (TVS)
  • Tornado watch(TOAorWT) – A forecast that atmospheric conditions within a designated area are favorable for significant tornado activity over the next 1–6 hours (colloquially referred to asred box).
  • Tornado warning(TOR) – A tornado is occurring or is imminent as one is sighted or is suggested byradar.
  • Tornadocyclone– The parent circulation of a tornado. This may refer to a low-levelmesocyclone.
  • Tornadogenesis– The process leading to tornado formation.
  • Tornadolysis– The process leading to tornado decay and death.
  • TORRO(TORnado and storm Research Organisation)
  • TORRO scale– A tornado rating scale developed by Terence Meaden ofTORROclassifying tornadoes in the UK from T0-T10 based on intensity.
  • TOTO(TOtable Tornado Observatory)
  • Transverse rolls
  • Trigger– (slang)
  • Tropical cyclone(TC)
  • Trough
  • Tube– (slang) A storm chaser term for a tornado.
  • Turbulence
  • Twister– (slang) A colloquial term for a tornado. Also, amajor theatrical filmabout storm chasing released in 1996.
  • TWISTEX(Tactical Weather-Instrumented Sampling in/near Tornadoes EXperiment)

U[edit]

V[edit]

W[edit]

Z[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^Weather Glossary for Storm Chasers
  2. ^Tornado Terms– Tornado Terminology

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_tornado_terms&oldid=1225281625"