Gruae
Gruae | |
---|---|
Hoatzin(Opisthocomus hoazin) | |
African swamphen(Porphyrio madagascariensis) | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Infraclass: | Neognathae |
Clade: | Neoaves |
(unranked): | Passerea |
(unranked): | Gruae Bonaparte, 1854 |
Subgroups | |
Gruae[3]is acladeof birds that contains the orderOpisthocomiformes(hoatzin) andGruimorphae(shorebirds and rails) identified in 2014 by genome analysis.[4]Previous studies have placed the Hoatzin in different parts of the bird family tree; however, despite its unusual and primitive morphology, genetic studies have shown the hoatzin is not as primitive or as ancient as once thought, and that it could be a very derived bird that reverted to or retains someplesiomorphictraits.[4][5][6]
Gruae |
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According to Suhet al.(2016), one of the problems with the conclusions about this novel clade is that independent studies (like Jarviset al.2014 and Prumet al.2015)[7][4]found very dissimilar phylogenetic relationships (likeInopinaves) using the same probabilistic support, such as bootstrap scores and Bayesian posterior probabilities.[8]
See also
[edit]- Inopinavesfor an alternative hypothesis on the placement of the Hoatzin
References
[edit]- ^Mourer-Chaviré C. (1995) The Messelornithidae (Aves: Gruiformes) from the Paleogene of France. - Cour. Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, 181: 95-105
- ^Mayr, Gerald (2016). Avian evolution: the fossil record of birds and its paleobiological significance. Topics in Paleobiology. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 306.ISBN978-1-119-02076-9.
- ^"TiF Checklist: GRUAE I: Opisthocomiformes & Gruiformes".
- ^abcJarvis, E.D.et al.(2014)Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds.Science,346(6215):1320-1331.
- ^Fain, Matthew G. &Houde, Peter(2004)."Parallel radiations in the primary clades of birds"(PDF).Evolution.58(11): 2558–2573.doi:10.1554/04-235.PMID15612298.S2CID1296408.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2013-04-07.
- ^Hackett, S.J.et al.(2008) A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History.Science,320(5884):1763–1768.
- ^Prum, R. O. et al. A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing. Nature (2015).doi:10.1038/nature15697
- ^Suh, A. (2016)The phylogenomic forest of bird trees contains a hard polytomy at the root of Neoaves,Zool. Scripta45(S1), 50-62.