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Guo Wengui

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In thisChinese name,thefamily nameisGuo.
Guo Wengui
Quách văn quý
Guo Wengui in 2017
Born(1970-05-10)May 10, 1970(age 54)or(1968-10-05)October 5, 1968(age 55)
Shen County,Liaocheng, Shandong, China
Nationality
Occupation(s)Businessman, political activist
Organization(s)New Federal State of China(Founder)
Rule of Law Foundation
Spouse
Yue Qingzhi
​
(m.1985)​
[2]
Children2
Chinese name
Traditional ChineseQuách văn quý
Simplified ChineseQuách văn quý
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGuō Wénguì
Wade–GilesKuo Wen-kuei
IPA[kwó wə̌n.kwêi]
Yue: Cantonese
JyutpingGwok3 man4-gwai3
IPA[kʷɔ̄ːk̚ mɐ̏n.kʷɐ̄i]
Southern Min
HokkienPOJKoeh Bûn-kùi
English name
EnglishMiles Kwok

Guo Wengui(Chinese:Quách văn quý;born May 10, 1970—self claim[3]or October 5, 1968[4]), also known under theCantonesenameHo Wan Kwok(Quách hạo vân),[5]Miles Guo,andMiles Kwok,[6]is a self-exiled Chinesebillionairebusinessman,political activistand convicted fraudster, who controls Beijing Zenith Holdings (viaproxiesLi Lin and Jiang Yuehua)[7]and other assets.[8][9]At the height of his career, he was the 73rd richest person in China. Guo was accused of corruption and other misdeeds by the Chinese authorities and fled to the United States in late 2014, after learning he was going to be arrested under allegations ofbribery,kidnapping,money laundering,fraudandrape.[10][11]Guo said the charges were politically motivated and are a product of a campaign of political retribution carried out against him by theChinese Communist Party(CCP).[12]Guo is an associate ofSteve Bannon[13]and a member of former U.S. PresidentDonald Trump'sMar-a-Lagoresort in Florida.[6]

Guo claims to be awhistle-blower,but some of his statements were unable to be verified by newspapers such asThe New York Times.[14]Between 2018 and 2020, Guo launched two media projects with Bannon, G News andGTV Media Group,which spreadmisinformation related to the COVID-19 pandemic,including unproven treatments and conspiracy theories about vaccines.[15][16]In 2021, Guo reached a settlement with theSecurities and Exchange Commissionto pay $539 million in refunds and fines in connection with illegal fundraising for the companies.[17]In March 2023, Guo was arrested by U.S. federal authorities on fraud charges.[18]In July 2024, Wengui was convicted in New York of defrauding followers.[19]

Biography

Pangu Plaza

Guo was born inShen County,Shandong,China. He is the seventh of eight children.[20]He began his business career inZhengzhou,before moving to Beijing to secure various construction deals during the2008 Beijing Olympics.[citation needed]In 2006, he delivered a Beijing deputy mayor's sex tape to the police. The deputy mayor, who had contested one of Guo's land deals, was subsequently imprisoned, allowing Guo to build thePangu Plaza.[6]

In 2014, Guo departed China after one of his political connections faced arrest. He moved to the United States in 2015.[21]Guo, long prominent in real estate development and investment circles, came to fame in 2015 after a lengthy investigative report byCaixinmedia, controlled byHu Shuli,was released, detailing Guo's political connections, business dealings, andhardballtactics against former rivals.

Guo responded by claiming Hudefamedhim and responded with a set of personal accusations against Hu, claiming Hu had a romantic entanglement with his business rival. He opened aTwitteraccount in early 2017, frequently criticizing individuals within the Chinese establishment. He has reserved particular scorn forHe Jintao,the son of formerCentral Commission for Discipline InspectionsecretaryHe Guoqiang.[6]

Many officials with whom he was said to have ties have fallen under the dragnet of theanti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping,includingMa Jian,the former deputy director of ChineseMinistry of State Security(MSS), andZhang Yue,the former Political and Legal Affairs Secretary ofHebei.[citation needed]While generally supportive of General SecretaryXi Jinping,Guo has characterized parts of the corruption campaign as a political witch hunt.[6]

From the beginning of 2017, Guo is in self-imposedexileinNew York City,where he owns a US$82 million apartment on theUpper East SideofManhattan,overlookingCentral Park.He has continued to conduct apolitical agendato bring attention tocorruptionin the Chinese political system from his New York home.[22]In November 2018, Guo put the apartment up for sale for US$67 million.[23]

Guo is a member of former U.S. PresidentDonald Trump'sMar-a-Lagoresort inFloridaandMark's ClubinMayfair,London.[6][24]

Guo Wengui on Voice of America, 2017

Since January 23, 2017, Guo accepted multiple interviews with media such as Mingjing,Voice of America(VOA) andBBC.Guo also started a campaign of accusing Chinese officials of corruption through live monologues on hisYouTubeand Twitter channel. On April 20, Guo's 3-hour live interview with VOA was abruptly terminated by the latter.[25]Newspapers such asThe New York Times,[1][26][27][28]Financial Times,[29]andForbes[30]also reported about Guo and his campaign. One of Guo's targets,HNA Group,sued Guo fordefamationin June 2017.[31][32]

In August 2018, severalHong Kong media,such asMing PaoandSouth China Morning Postreported thatHong Kong Policehad frozen the assets of the Guo family, accused ofmoney launderingunder the name of Guo's daughter Guo Mei.[33][34]In March 2019, his mother died in China.[35]

The bookWar for EternitybyBenjamin R. Teitelbaumdetails Guo's collaboration withSteve Bannonand the latter's attempt to undermine the Chinese government.[36]On June 3, 2020 (the 31st anniversary of theTiananmen Square massacre), while aboard Guo's yacht in New York City waterways, he and Steve Bannon participated in an event declaring a "New Federal State of China",apolitical movementthat "would overthrow the Chinese government". In New York City, planes were seen carrying banners which said "Congratulations to Federal State of New China!".[37][38]In August 2020, Bannon was arrested by federal authorities during an early morning raid on Guo's $35 million luxury yacht, docked in Connecticut, under charges of stealing millions of dollars from theWe Build the Wallnon-profit organization.[39][40]

In February 2022 Guo filed forchapter 11 bankruptcy.In a filing for the bankruptcy, Guo estimated that his total assets are currently worth between $50,001 and $100,000, while his liabilities range between $100 million and $500 million.[41][42]

Beijing Zenith Holdings

Beijing Zenith Holdings (Chinese:Bắc Kinh chính tuyền cổ phần khống chế) was a company owned in 2013 by Li Lin and Jiang Yuehua via two corporate entities (Chinese:Trịnh Châu hạo vân thực nghiệp công ty hữu hạnandTrịnh Châu hạo thiên thực nghiệp công ty hữu hạn).[7]The company acquired a minority stake inPKU Healthcarefrom state-ownedFounder Group's PKU Healthcare Group.[7]However, Beijing Zenith Holdings allegedly failed to pay PKU Healthcare Group after the shares were already transferred. To finalize the payment, Beijing Zenith Holdings allegedly borrowed the money fromPKU Resources Group Holdings,a sister company of PKU Healthcare Group. All three companies were fined by theChina Securities Regulatory Commissionin 2016.[43]

In 2015, Chinese media reported that Zenith Holdings was actually owned by Guo Wengui, and Li Lin and Jiang Yuehua were his proxies.[44]

Zenith Holdings also acquired a minority stake in Founder Securities by underwriting the new shares.[45]

In October 2018, Zenith Holdings was finedCNY60 billion for irregularity in acquiring the securities company.[46][47]In its ruling, the court inDalianfound that Beijing Zenith had made RMB 11.9 billion in illegal profits.[48]

Chinese documents

On October 5, 2017, Guo made public in Washington a so-called "confidential document of the Chinese government" with the self-proclaimed verification of the U.S. government, featuring China's "working plan of secretly dispatching 27 police officers" to the United States on field duty in 2017.[49]

Criminal charges in China

In April 2017, anInterpol noticewas issued for Guo's arrest, requested by the Chinese government.[50][51]In June 2017, staff of one of Guo's other investment vehicles, Pangu Investment, were charged for scamming banks on loans. The staff members accused all alleged that they were under the orders of Guo.[52]

By June 2017, the Chinese government sent U.S. PresidentDonald Trumpa letter, delivered by casino businessmanSteve Wynn,requesting for Guo to bedeportedto China. Unnamed sources "familiar with [a] meeting" allege that Trump was inclined to deport Guo, a member of his Mar-a-Lago resort, but that his advisors opposed deporting him by reasoning that he could be used for politicalleverageagainst China.[21]

Twitter campaign against Guo

A study by theAustralian Strategic Policy Institutewhich analysed the tweets of Chinese government controlled accounts banned byTwitterin response to the2019–20 Hong Kong protestsfound that the accounts had distributed more material attacking Guo Wengui than any other target including the Hong Kong protestors. Other dissidents targeted by the bot network includedGui MinhaiandYu Wenshengas well as PLA veterans.[53]In another report from theSouth China Morning Post,the researchers found that more than 38,000 tweets from 618 of the now-suspended Twitter accounts targeted Guo.[54]

Civil lawsuits

Several companies sued Guo's Pangu Investment and Zenith Holdings in the civil court of the United States, in order to reclaim thenon-performing loanthe companies allegedly lent to Guo.[55]

In April 2017,Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fundbrought suit against Guo in the Commercial Division of New York County, where Guo resided and was seeking asylum from the United States government. In 2008, Pacific Alliance loaned $30 million to Guo's Hong Kong company in connection with the development ofPangu Plaza,site of a "7 Star Hotel"in Beijing near the Olympic arenas. In connection with the loan, Guo signed a personal guarantee. All of the documents and transactions were executed in Hong Kong or China. According to Pacific Alliance, Guo owes approximately $88 million in principal and accrued interest on the loan.[56]In 2020, an apartment worth $55 million that an investment fund bought for Guo's use was seized in a bankruptcy proceeding in connection with the lawsuit.[57]

In July 2017, Chinese actressFan Bingbingsued Guo for defamation after he alleged that she had slept with CCP leaderWang Qishan.[58][59]

In August 2017, the Chinese conglomerateHNA Groupfiled a defamation lawsuit in New York against Guo, said Guo made "repeatedly false and defamatory statements", including a claim that Yao Qing, a nephew ofWang Qishan,formerSecretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspectionand close supporter ofGeneral Secretary of the Chinese Communist PartyXi Jinping,is one of HNA's shareholders. HNA said the comments caused the company to lose business and suffer a drop in share prices, but Guo said he welcomes a legal spat with the giant Chinese conglomerate in the United States.[60]In March 2019, however, HNA claimed that Guo's statements had no longer caught public attention and planned to drop this suit.[61]Almost at the same time, Guo posted tweets on his own social media "Guo Media" declaring that he refused to withdraw from the HNA case and would continue.[62]

On November 20, 2018, Guo held a conference with his close friend Steve Bannon[63]in New York about the death ofWang Jianin France, who was the former chairman ofHNA Group.During the conference, he announced the establishment of "Rule of Law foundation"[64]for investigations about Chinese government financial activities as well as those of its supporters and offering financial support for businessmen, officials and others who are persecuted byChinese Communist Party(CCP) and forced to flee overseas like Guo himself.[65]This foundation consists of two parts which are different types of nonprofit organization. One part called "Rule of Law Foundation" is type 501(c)(3) while the other part called "Rule of Law Society" is type 501(c)(4).Kyle Bassserves as the chairman of part 501(c)(3) and Steve Bannon serves as the chairman of part 501(c)(4).

In December 2018,Roger Stoneagreed to a settlement with Guo in which Stone would retract a false claim, publishedc. 2015-2016,that Guo had donated toHillary Clinton.[66]

On July 23, 2019, Strategic Vision US LLC, a US commercial research firm which has a commercial dispute with Guo, sued Guo in the US federal court, said Guo was a spy for the CCP.[13][49]However, this lawsuit was dismissed, and after that Guo filed a US$50 million defamation lawsuit inNew York stateagainst several companies and individuals including Strategic Vision US and CNN hostErin Burnett,who called him a spy during theOutfronttelevision program.[67][68]

In August 2019, it was revealed that theHong Kong Police Forcefroze bank accounts of Guo and other family members in 2017, in court documents requesting funds be released filed by Anton Development Limited, a company held by Guo's daughter Guo Mei. The freezing is part of a judicial review against the freezing of various assets linked to Guo and in relation to a HK$32.9 billion (S$5.8 billion) money laundering investigation, where court filings focus on Guo and other family members using their personal bank accounts and the bank accounts of Anton Development Limited and Hong Kong International Funds Investments Limited; the frozen accounts are said to total at least HK$1.56 billion. A writ provided by Anton Development Limited to police reportedly stated that HK$730 million in the frozen accounts were investment funds from a sovereign fund inAbu Dhabi.[69]

G News and GTV

"G News" redirects here. For the news aggregator by Google, seeGoogle News.

G News is a website owned by Guo Media – a company associated with Guo – operating in collaboration withSteve Bannon,a former executive chairman ofBreitbart Newsand former advisor to theTrump administration.[70][71]Guo Media paid Bannon $1 million in exchange for consulting services from August 2018 to August 2019,[72]and Bannon has an office in Guo Media's headquarters.[15]Both Guo and Bannon are regularly featured in G News videos that criticize the Chinese government.[71]

Guo and Bannon later co-foundedGTV Media Groupin 2020,[73]which operates the Chinese video website GTV.[74]TheWall Street Journallater reported that GTV companies were being investigated by federal and state authorities for illegal fundraising.[75]In 2021 the companies reached an SEC settlement to repay over $480 million to more than 5,000 investors as well as $35 million in fines.[76]

Misinformation by GTV and G News

Guo's media were noted for spreading misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic. On January 25, 2020, G News claimed that the Chinese government was going to admit that thecoronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)was accidentally leakedfrom a "P4 labinWuhan"that was associated with" covertbiological weaponprograms ". Fact checkerPolitiFactfound no evidence to corroborate G News's claim, and determined it to be false, classifying it asmisinformation related to the COVID-19 pandemic.[70][71]

In 2020, theNew York Timesreported that Guo andSteve Bannonhad been promoting Chinese virologistLi-Meng Yan.They bought Yan a plane ticket to the United States, provided her accommodation, coached her in media appearances and helped secure interviews with conservative TV hosts includingTucker Carlson.Yan later made unsubstantiated pandemic claims that the COVID-19 virus had been artificially created, however her research was rejected as misinformation by scientists who called her paper as unscientific and "a polemic dressed up in jargon".[77]

According toForeign Policy,G News pushed false stories and conspiracy theories before and during the2020 United States presidential election,including disseminating disinformation aboutHunter Biden.Guo also had a large following on Twitter that shared the unverified stories immediately after publication.[78]As of December 2020, Guo's Twitter account, which had over half a million followers, has been suspended.[79]

In July 2021,BBC Newsreported on the collaboration betweenSteve Bannonand Guo Wengui in disseminating misinformation about election fraud, coronavirus vaccine and QAnon narratives on social media platforms.[80][81]

In July 2024, theMinistry of Home Affairs of Singapore,under theForeign Interference (Countermeasures) Act 2021,directed social media platformsX,Facebook,Instagram,YouTubeandTikTokto block nearly 100 social media accounts affliated to Guo. The ministry stated these accounts are not operated by Singaporeans, and forms Guo's hostile information campaign against Singapore.Lianhe Zaobaostates the accounts shared Guo's videos claiming thatPrime MinisterLawrence Wongis manipulated by the Chinese Communist Party and that Singapore is doomed like Hong Kong.[82][83]

Other controversies

In 2017 Guo Wengui accused Taiwanese actressLin Chi-lingof having an affair with Chinese businessmanXiao Jianhua.Lin dismissed the rumors as "outrageous, fake, and excessively stupid".[59]

In December 2020Teng Biaosaid Guo had arrangedpicketingof the homes of Teng and other dissidents, accusing them of conspiring with the Chinese government. This led to conflicting theories about what Guo was trying to achieve.[84]

Fraud allegation, arrest and conviction

Guo was arrested on March 15, 2023, in New York by federal authorities, for conspiracy to defraud his online followers out of more than $1 billion.[85][86]These included $452 million in unregistered offering and $150 million in loans for GTV, in addition to $250 million for membership programmes and $262 million for the Himalaya Exchange cryptocurrency project.[87]He is currently facing 11 charges, including securities fraud, wire fraud and concealing money laundering. Guo pled not guilty to all 11 charges and is currently in jail awaiting trial, which is scheduled for May 22, 2024.[88]His request for bail was denied, but Guo has since appealed this decision.[89]On July 16, 2024, after a trial which lasted around two months in aManhattanfederal courthouse, Wengui was convicted of defrauding investors and supporters of around $1 billion.[90][91]

See also

References

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