Harifal
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(November 2015) |
 | |
| Formation | Hasankhail.Naqibkhail.Ibrahimkhail |
|---|---|
| Type | Pashtun Tribe |
Official language | Pashto |
| Affiliations | Sherani |
| Part ofa serieson |
| Pashtuns |
|---|
| Empires and dynasties |
TheHarifal(Urdu حریفال حریف ال) is aSherani Districtin theBalochistanprovince ofPakistan,and, to a lesser extent, the surrounding districts ofAfghanistan.[1]
The total voters[2]of the Harifal tribe is numbered at 8,728, and gender-wise breakup is as follows: male: 4,797 and female: 3,931.
History
[edit]Under Arif's leadership, the Shiranis sent a portion of their tribe to occupyBargha.Arif later married aShiraniwomen (according to tradition, his second wife and the mother of the Ibrahikhail sub-tribe), and thus became theeponymous ancestorof the Harifal tribe.
This account is corroborated byOlaf Caroe,who wrote that "the genealogies frequently supply actual confirmation of observable differences today."[3]
An account of the warlike nature of the Hurreepaul tribe is given by the Scottish historianMountstuart Elphinstonein his bookAn account of the kingdom of Caubul, and its dependencies inPersia,Tartary,andIndia:comprising a view of the Afghaun nation, and a history of the Dooraunee monarch,"The Sheeraunees [Sheranis] are at war with all the tribes that pass through their country in their annual migrations. They may, indeed, be said to be at war with all the world, since they plunder every traveller that comes within their reach; and besides, make incursions into parts of Damaun, with the inhabitants of which they have no quarrel. While I was in their neighbourhood, they stopped the body of a Dooraunee of rank, which was going through their country to be buried at Candahar, and detained it till a ransom had been paid for it."[4]
Historical records
[edit]Mountstuart Elphinstone(1779–1859) says "The tribes of Hurreepaul (sic) and Kuppeep resemble the Sheeraunees, of which tribe they are branches; and their residence is in the hills and valleys at the western base of Tukhti Solimaun. To the north of the Hurreepaul is the country near the junction of the Gomul and Zhobe, sometimes pastured on by wandering Cankers. North of it is Wauneh, a low plain situated on the hills that slope down to the valley of the Gomul."[5]
According toBaluchistan Through the Ages,"The Haripals claim a Saiad descent, and allege that their progenitor, Harif, was a Saiad from Pishin, who migrated to theShiranicountry, married a Shirani woman, and was affiliated with the Shiranis ".[6]
Herbert Benjamin Edwardessays "It is by the Zirkunnee Pass that caravans go toKandahar.About five or six miles to the south of the Zirkunnee Pass, is the Pass of Drabund, the mouth of which is about eight miles from Drabund itself. Not very far from midway between the town and the Pass of Drabund, but rather nearer to the latter, are ruins of the former fort of Akhoond Gool Hubeeb. This Akhoond, I was informed, belonged to a tribe called Hurrial, connected with the Sheraunees; the same probably as that of 'Hurreepaul,' mentioned by Mr. Elphinstone as a branch of the Sheraunees, residing 'in the hills and valleys at the western base ofTukht-e-Sulaiman'. "[7]
Qazi Abdul Haleem Asar Afghani (1910-1987), a well knownPashtowriter (District Mardan, Tehsil Takht Bhai) holds that "Harifal is a minor tribe living in and around Daraban amongst Sheranis. In the twelfth generation of this tribe was a renowned saint by the name of Sheikh Ahmed Zinda-pir.
Sheikh Ahmed Zinda-pir had five sons; eldest among them was Sadar-ud-din, who later became famous by the name of Sheikh Sadar-ud-din Sadar Jahan; an erudite and notedSufisaint. He migrated to India to spread the word ofIslam.In India he reached "Malir Kotlaand settled there. Sheikh later married daughter of Sultan Behlul Lodhi. This gave much impetus to his reputation. Stories of his erudition and piety spread far and wide and gradually Malerkotla became the seat of Sufism in India. "[8]
Shaikh Sadar Ud-din also known as Haidar Shaikh was born at Daraban, the winter dwellings of the Harifal tribe, in 1437. In 1449, he reachedMultanand became the disciple ofBaha-ud-din Zakariya.When his master was sure that his disciple was well versed in spirituality, he asked him to go out and help humanity. The Sheikh chose a raised mound near the old village of Maler to build his hut, and there he used to spend his time in prayer.
One distinguished member of this family was Zulfiqar Ali Khan who, although not a nawab, was a figure in the literary history of the riyasat. A close friend of allamaMuhammad Iqbal,he was the author of the first biography of the famous poet, titledA Voice from the East.[9]
Stanley Reed(28 January 1872 – 17 January 1969) was aBritish Conservative Partypolitician and an important figure in the media of India in the early 20th century. He claims;[10]that Maler kotla's ruling family, though famed as Pathan, is actually Sayyid in its origin, for its ancestral progenitor was Sayyid Husain who migrated from Ghaur during the reign of caliphAbd al-Malik ibn Marwan(646–705 the 5th Umayyad Caliph) and settled in the region neighboring `Kooh-e-Sulaiman.[11]
Geography
[edit]Harifal territory is situated 372 kilometers south west of the capital,Islamabad.The location is sparsely populated, with 21 people per square kilometer.[12]
Weather and climate
[edit]Harifal territory is in a very strong (vii)earthquake zone,with occurrences of earthquakes at 6-7 on theRichter magnitude scale.
Harifal has anarid(0.05 - 0.2 p/pet) climate. Land area is not cultivated; most of the naturalvegetationis still intact. The landscape is mostly covered with closed to open grassland. There is a moderate occurrence of periods with extreme drought. Additionally, flood risk is low.
The climate is classified as asubtropicalsteppe (low-latitude dry), with a subtropical thorn wood landbiozone.
Weather varies according to the locality, and the heat or the cold is felt in different spots in the same latitude with very different degrees of intensity, according to the configuration of the country. Winter is mild; on the plain the snow melts as it falls, and does not lie long even on the summits of the mountains. In general the temperature is moderate. September is on average the month with most sunshine. Rainfall and other precipitation have no distinct peak month.
Villages
[edit]The following is a list of important local villages.
Zarkai Landawar:Located in north Shinhar HarifalUnion Council Village Zarkai Lindawar is a well-known village of Harifal District Shirani.
KazhaMalizai:Located in north Shinghar Harifal Union Council.[13]
References
[edit]- ^Abdul Raziq Kakar (20 December 2009)."Assessing the potential of the indigenous livestock breeds of Baluchistan"(PDF).Drynet. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 29 February 2012.Retrieved29 February2012.
- ^ECP SHERANI
- ^"p 04".Archived fromthe originalon 2015-09-25.Retrieved2011-12-28.
- ^An account of the kingdom of Caubul, and its dependencies in Persia, Tartary... - Mountstuart Elphinstone - Google Books (page 383)
- ^"This site is under construction".Desistore. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-09-25.Retrieved2015-11-08.
- ^Baluchistan through the ages P68. vol ii.
- ^A year on the Punjab frontier, by Herbert Benjamin Edwardes in 1848-49 (Volume 1 ) page 551-2
- ^Roohani Rabita au Roohani Taroon by Qazi Abdul Haleem Asar p 415
- ^"The Tribune - Windows - Main Feature".Tribuneindia. 2001-04-21.Retrieved2015-11-08.
- ^The British India founded
- ^My State, Malerkotla
- ^"The Travel World Atlas: Haripal, Balochistān, Pakistan (tribal area) - Detailed Information, Weather, Photos, Videos, Animals, Nature, Wildlife, Maps, Hazards - 6310842".Archived fromthe originalon 2014-04-07.Retrieved2012-01-06.
- ^PA Zhob election schedule. p 27,28.