Hasyim Asy'ari
Hasyim Asy'ari | |
|---|---|
 Hasyim Asy'ari | |
| Born | Muhammad Hasyim 14 February 1871[1]/10 April 1875[2] |
| Died | 25 July 1947 (aged 76/72) Jombang, Indonesia |
| Nationality | Indonesian |
| Occupation | Ulama |
| Known for | Rais AkbarNahdlatul Ulama |
KyaiHajiHasyim Asy'ari(also spelledHashim Ashari;14 February 1871 or 10 April 1875 – 25 July 1947) was an Indonesianulama,National Heroand founder ofNahdlatul Ulama.
Biography
[edit]Hasyim Asy'ari was born Muhammad Hasyim in Gedang,Jombang Regency[3]on 10 April 1875. His parents were Asy'ari and Halimah. His family was deeply involved in the administrations ofpesantrens(local Islamic boarding schools). His grandfather, Kiai Usman was the founder of Pesantren Gedang and his great-grandfather was the founder of Pesantren Tambakberas. He was the third son of ten siblings.[4]
Hasyim Asy'ari's ancestry can be traced toSultan HadiwijayaofPajang,and further, to Brawijaya VI (Girindrawardhana), the last king ofMajapahit.[citation needed]
He was educated byAhmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi,an Imam atMasjid al-Haram,anulama,andAhmad Dahlan,the founder ofMuhammadiyah.[5]
At the age of twenty, he married Khadijah, the daughter of Pesantren Siwalan Panji's leader. One year later, they went toMecca.After seven months, his wife died, and also his son, Abdullah two months later.[6]
In 1899, he founded Pesantren Tebuireng, which later became the largestpesantrenin Java in the early 20th century having four thousand students in 1947.[7]The pesantren also became the center for the reform of traditional Islamic teaching.[8]
On 31 January 1926, he and several traditional Islamic leaders foundedNahdlatul Ulama(Awakening ofUlamas). During theJapanese occupationera, he was arrested, and several months later he was released and became Head of Religious Affairs.[8]
He died suddenly on 25 July 1947 due to hypertension, after hearing news thatDutchtroops were winning a battle inMalang.[9]
Personal life
[edit]He married seven times and all of his wives were daughters ofulamas. Four of his wives were Khadijah, Nafisah, Nafiqah and Masrurah. One of his sons,Wahid Hasyimwas one of the formulators of theJakarta Charterand later became Minister of Religious Affairs,[10]while his grandsonAbdurrahman WahidbecamePresident of Indonesia.
References
[edit]- ^"Biography of KH Hasyim Asy'ari: Origin, Genealogy, Thought, to Struggle".21 April 2021.
- ^"The Struggle of KH Hasyim Asy'ari, the Missing National Hero in the Indonesian History Dictionary".21 April 2021.
- ^Online, NU."Keindonesiaan Kiai: Hasyim Asy'ari, Wahid Hasyim, dan Gus Dur | NU Online".NU Online.Retrieved2018-09-12.
- ^Khuluq 2008,pp. 16–18
- ^Saputra, Amrizal, Wira Sugiarto, Suyendri, Zulfan Ikhram, Khairil Anwar, M. Karya Mukhsin, Risman Hambali, Khoiri, Marzuli Ridwan Al-bantany, Zuriat Abdillah, Dede Satriani, Wan M. Fariq, Suwarto, Adi Sutrisno, Ahmad Fadhli (2020-10-15).PROFIL ULAMA KARISMATIK DI KABUPATEN BENGKALIS: MENELADANI SOSOK DAN PERJUANGAN(in Indonesian). CV. DOTPLUS Publisher. p. 148.ISBN978-623-94659-3-3.
{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^Khuluq 2008,pp. 19–20
- ^Naipaul, V. S. (Vidiadhar Surajprasad) (1999),Beyond belief: Islamic excursions among the converted peoples,Abacus, p. 32,ISBN978-0-349-11010-3
- ^ab"Ulama Pembaharu Pesantren".tokohindonesia.Archived fromthe originalon March 4, 2016.RetrievedOctober 22,2011.
- ^Khuluq 2008,p. 25
- ^Khuluq 2008,pp. 20–21
Bibliography
[edit]- Khuluq, Lathiful (2008).Fajar Kebangunan Ulama: Biografi K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari.Yogyakarta: LKiS Yogyakarta.ISBN978-979-8966-37-8.
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