Heliophyte

Heliophytesorsunstroke plantsare adapted to ahabitatwith a very intensiveinsolationby their structure andmetabolism.Examples aremullein,ling,thymeandsoft velcro,white clover,and mostroses.They are common in open terrain, rocks,meadows,as well as at the mountainpasturesandgrasslandsand other long sunny exposures.^[1]^[2]

Special features of such plants include coarse tinyleaveswith hairy andwaxyprotection against excessive light radiation and water loss. In structure, the leaves vary in frequent doublepalisade layers.Chloroplastshave a protective element such ascarotenoidand theenzymes,and accumulation ofROSto avoid toxic effects. In addition, there are alsostomatal apparatuseson the leaves and greenshoots,in order to allow a better exchange of gases. At same time, this increases possibilities forphotosynthesis.^[3]^[4]

Unlike shade-preferring plants (sciophytes), heliophytes have a highlight compensation point,and for this they need a higher illumination intensity for effective adoption ofcarbon dioxide.Sunstroke leaves, in this respect, have a very high capacity, to $30\mu molCO_{2}/m^{2}s$ .

However, they have a higherbasal metabolismcomparing to the other leaves.

References

^Sofradžija A., Šoljan D., Hadžiselimović R. (2004).Biologija 1.Svjetlost, Sarajevo.ISBN 9958-10-686-8.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Međedović S., Maslić E., Hadžiselimović R. (2002).Biologija 2.Svjetlost, Sarajevo.ISBN 9958-10-222-6.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Walter S Judd, Walter S.; Campbell, Christopher S.;Kellogg, Elizabeth A.;Stevens, Peter F.;Donoghue, Michael J. (2007).Plant systematics: a phylogenetic approach. (1st ed. 1999, 2nd 2002)(3 ed.). Sinauer Associates.ISBN 978-0-87893-407-2.Retrieved29 January2014.
^Simpson, Michael G. (2011).Plant Systematics.Academic Press.ISBN 978-0-08-051404-8.Retrieved12 February2014.

[Sofradzija-1] Sofradžija A., Šoljan D., Hadžiselimović R. (2004).Biologija 1.Svjetlost, Sarajevo.ISBN 9958-10-686-8.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Međedović-2] Međedović S., Maslić E., Hadžiselimović R. (2002).Biologija 2.Svjetlost, Sarajevo.ISBN 9958-10-222-6.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Walter-3] Walter S Judd, Walter S.; Campbell, Christopher S.;Kellogg, Elizabeth A.;Stevens, Peter F.;Donoghue, Michael J. (2007).Plant systematics: a phylogenetic approach. (1st ed. 1999, 2nd 2002)(3 ed.). Sinauer Associates.ISBN 978-0-87893-407-2.Retrieved29 January2014.

[Simpson-4] Simpson, Michael G. (2011).Plant Systematics.Academic Press.ISBN 978-0-08-051404-8.Retrieved12 February2014.

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[3]

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See also

References