Hemigalinae
| Hemigalinae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Banded palm civet(Hemigalus derbyanus) | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Carnivora |
| Suborder: | Feliformia |
| Family: | Viverridae |
| Subfamily: | Hemigalinae Gray,1864 |
TheHemigalinaeare asubfamilyof theviverridsdenominated and first described byJohn Edward Grayin 1864.[1] Hemigalinae species are native to Southeast Asia from southern China through Indochina, Malay Peninsula to Sumatra, Borneo and Sulawesi.[2]
Characteristics[edit]
The tails of Hemigalinaespeciesare ringed. The toes and the middle of the lower part of the tarsus are bald. Thefrenum,upper part, and sides of the lower part are hairy. Theorbitis imperfect.[1]
Hemigalinae resemble theViverrinaein having thescent glandspresent in both sexes and wholly perineal, but differing by their simpler structure, consisting in the male of a shallower, smaller pouch, with less tumid lips, situated midway between thescrotumand thepenis,but not extending to either. In the female, the scent glands consist of a pair of swellings, each with a slit-like orifice, situated one on each side of thevulvaand a little behind it and on a common eminence, the perineal area behind this eminence being naked. Theprepuceis long and pendulous. The feet are nearly intermediate in structure between those of thedigitigradeViverrinae and the semiplantigradeParadoxurinae,but more like the latter, both thecarpalandmetatarsalpads being well developed, double, and joining theplantarpad below, and as wide as it is at the point of contact. But the feet, with the pads, are considerably narrower, the carpals and metatarsals converging and meeting above so that a much larger area of the under surface is hairy. The area between the four main digits and the plantar pad is covered with short hair, and the pads of the third and fourth digits of the hind foot are separated as in the Viverrinae, not confluent as in the Paradoxurinae. The retractileclawsare not protected by skin-lobes.[3]
Classification[edit]
The Hemigalinae subfamily comprises the following fivemonospecificgenera:[2]
| Genus | Species | Distribution andIUCN Red Liststatus |
|---|---|---|
| HemigalusJourdan,1837[4] | Banded palm civet(H. derbyanus)(Gray,1837)[5]
|
VU[6]
|
| CynogaleGray, 1836[7] | Otter civet(C. bennettii)Gray, 1836[7]
|
EN[8]
|
| MacrogalidiaSchwarz,1910[9] | Sulawesi palm civet(M. musschenbroekii)(Schlegel,1877)[10]
|
VU[11]
|
| DiplogaleThomas,1912[12] | Hose's palm civet(D. hosei)(Thomas, 1892)[13]
|
VU[14]
|
| ChrotogaleThomas, 1912[12] | Owston's palm civet(C. owstoni)Thomas, 1912[12]
|
EN[15]
|
References[edit]
- ^abGray, J. E. (1864)."A revision of the genera and species of viverrine animals (Viverridae), founded on the collection in the British Museum".Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London for the Year 1864:502–579.
- ^abVeron, G.; Bonillo, C.; Hassanin, A. & Jennings, A.P. (2017)."Molecular systematics and biogeography of the Hemigalinae civets (Mammalia, Carnivora)".European Journal of Taxonomy(285): 1–20.doi:10.5852/ejt.2017.285.
- ^Pocock, R. I. (1939)."Hemigalinae".The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma.Vol. Mammalia. – Volume 1. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 450–457.
- ^Jourdan, C. (1837)."Mémoire sur deux mammifères nouveaux de l'Inde, considérés comme types des deux genres voisins des Paradoxures, genres Hémigale et Ambliodon".Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences:442–447.
- ^Gray, J.E. (1837)."On a new species of Paradoxure,Paradoxurus Derbianus".Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.5(54): 67.
- ^Ross, J.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Chutipong, W.; Hedges, L.; Hearn, A.; Linkie, M.; Loken, B.; Mathai, J.; McCarthy, J.; Ngoprasert, D.; Tantipisanuh, N.; Wilting, A. & Haidir, I.A. (2015)."Hemigalus derbyanus".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2015:e.T41689A45216918.
- ^abGray, J.E. (1836)."Characters of some new species of Mammalia in the Society's collection".Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.Part IV (October): 87–88.
- ^Ross, J.; Wilting, A.; Ngoprasert, D.; Loken, B.; Hedges, L.; Duckworth, J.W.; Cheyne, S.; Brodie, J.; Chutipong, W.; Hearn, A.; Linkie, M.; McCarthy, J.; Tantipisanuh, N. & Haidir, I.A. (2015)."Cynogale bennettii".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2015:e.T6082A45197343.Retrieved30 October2018.
- ^Schwarz, E. (1910)."Notes on some Palm-Civets".The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology.8.5(29): 422–424.
- ^Schlegel, H. (1879)."Paradoxurus musschenbroekii".Notes from the Royal Zoological Museum of the Netherlands at Leyden.1(Note XIV): 43.
- ^Willcox, D.H.A.; Duckworth, J.W.; Timmins, R.J.; Chutipong, W.; Choudhury, A.; Roberton, S.; Long, B.; Hearn, A. & Ross, J. (2016)."Arctogalidia trivirgata".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2016:e.T41691A45217378.
- ^abcThomas, O. (1912)."Two new Genera and a Species of Viverrine Carnivora".Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.Part II: 498–503.
- ^Thomas, O. (1892)."On some Mammals form Mount Dulit, North Borneo".Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.Part I: 221–226.
- ^Mathai, J.; Duckworth, J.W.; Wilting, A.; Hearn, A. & Brodie, J. (2015)."Diplogale hosei".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2015:e.T6635A45197564.
- ^Timmins, R.J.; Coudrat, C.N.Z.; Duckworth, J.W.; Gray, T.N.E.; Robichaud, W.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Long, B. & Roberton, S. (2016)."Chrotogale owstoni".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2016:e.T4806A45196929.
External links[edit]
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