Heraios
| Heraios | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||
| Kushanruler | |||||
| Reign | c.1 –30 CE[citation needed] | ||||
| Coronation | 1 BCE | ||||
| Predecessor | Sapadbizes | ||||
| Successor | Kujula Kadphises | ||||
| Born | 23 BCE Taskhand | ||||
| Died | 30 CE Srinagar? | ||||
| Issue | Kujula Kadphises, Vima Takto | ||||
| |||||
| Dynasty | Kushan | ||||
| Kushan emperors 30 CE–350 CE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Heraios(Bactrian:ΗλουĒlou,sometimes Heraus, Heraos, Miaos) was apparently a king or clan chief of theKushans(reign:c.1 –30 CE[citation needed]), one of the five constituent tribes of theYuezhi,inBactria,in the early 1st century CE.[1]
Several scholars question his existence as a separate historical figure and suggest that "Heraios" may have been another name for his nominal successorKujula Kadphises.[2]For example, numismatistJoe Cribbpoints out the similarity of coins minted by Kujula to those of aGreco-Bactrianpredecessor namedHermaios Soter(or Hermaeus Soter). Moreover, some portraits of Kujula resemble Hermaios, suggesting that Kujula may have initially reused the design of coins issued during the reign of Hermaios Soter.[3]
The coins bearing the name Heraios were silver and made in theHellenisticstyle, using the Greek script. The reverse shows the winged Greek goddess of victoryNikeholding out a wreath, over Heraios mounted on a horse. He wears a tunic and has a large bow on the side. Some portraits show Heraios with a markedartificial skull deformation,a characteristic of several Kushan portraits and sculptures of the 1st century CE. On some of the Heraios coins, his name has sometimes been read as ΗΛΟΥ or ΗΙΛΟΥ, which has been transliterated as "Ilou". However other readings of the same texts include "Ηaou" and "Ηiaou".
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Another coin type of Heraois,c. 1- 30/50 CE -
Theethnonym"KOϷϷANO "(Koshshano,"Kushans" ) inGreek Alpha bet(with the addition of the letterϷ,"Sh") on a coin of Heraios. -
Tetradrachm, obverse: diademed Heraos right, 1st half of the 1st century CE. FromVakhsh,Tajikistan.
References[edit]
- ^Ancient Coin Collecting VI: Non-Classical Cultures p.92 Wayne G. Sayles F+W Media, Inc, 1999
- ^Rezakhani 2017,p. 54.
- ^Cribb, Joe (1993).The Heraus Coins: Their Attribution to the Kushan King Kujula Kadphises, c. AD 30-80(PDF).London: Spink. pp. 116–140.Retrieved2018-03-08.
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Sources[edit]
- Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). "East Iran in Late Antiquity".ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity.Edinburgh University Press. pp. 1–256.ISBN9781474400305.JSTOR10.3366/j.ctt1g04zr8.(registration required)
- Sinisi, Fabrizio (21 October 2022)."Again on" Heraios "Being Kujula and Some Related Problems".Electrum.29:87–107.doi:10.4467/20800909EL.22.007.15777.