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This article is about the British television series. For the fictional city in which the series is set, seeHolby.

Holby City
Title card (2021–2022)
GenreMedical drama
Created by
StarringRegular and recurring cast
Country of originUnited Kingdom
Original languageEnglish
No.of series23
No.of episodes1,102(list of episodes)
Production
Executive producers
Camera setupSingle-camera setup
Running time
  • 50 minutes (1999)
  • 60 minutes (1999–2020)
  • 38–45 minutes (2020–2022)
Production companyBBC Studios Continuing Drama Productions
Original release
NetworkBBC One
Release12 January 1999(1999-01-12)–
29 March 2022(2022-03-29)
Related
Casualty
HolbyBlue

Holby City(stylised on-screen asHOLBY CI+Y) is a British medical drama television series that aired weekly onBBC One.It was created byTony McHaleandMal Youngas aspin-offfrom the established BBC medical dramaCasualty,and premiered on 12 January 1999; the show ran until 29 March 2022. It follows the lives of medical and ancillary staff at the fictionalHolby City Hospital,the same hospital asCasualty,in the fictional city ofHolby,and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with bothCasualty(which include dedicated episodes broadcast asCasualty@Holby City) and the show's 2007police proceduralspin-offHolbyBlue.It began with eleven main characters in itsfirst series,all of whom subsequently left the show. New main characters were then periodically written in and out, with a core of around fifteen main actors employed at any given time. In casting the first series, Young sought actors who were already well known in the television industry, something which has continued throughout its history, with cast members includingPatsy Kensit,Jane Asher,Robert Powell,Ade EdmondsonandJohn Michie.

McHale was the show's lead writer for several years, and was the first British writer ever to become theshowrunnerof a major prime-time drama. Under his tenure as executive producer, attempts were made at modernising the programme and appealing to a younger audience by taking on thefilmizingtechnique and introducing musical montage segments into each episode. Twenty-three series ofHolby Cityaired, with thefinal seriesconcluding on 29 March 2022. The show ran for over 1000 hour-long episodes. It was filmed at theBBC Elstree CentreinHertfordshire,and has featured special episodes filmed on location abroad. From October 2010,Holby Citymoved tohigh definitionbroadcasting. Its first executive producers were Young andJohnathan Young,who were succeeded byKathleen Hutchisonfrom 2002 to 2004,Richard Stokesfrom 2004 to 2006, McHale from 2006 to 2010, Belinda Campbell from 2010 to 2011, Johnathan Young from 2011 to 2013, Oliver Kent from 2013 to 2017 and Simon Harper from 2017 to 2021.Holby Cityaired once a week, all year round, and each series contained 52 episodes.

Holby Cityhas attracted comparisons to other medical dramas, often unfavourable, and figures within the television and entertainment industry, includingBroadcasting Standards Commissiondirector Paul Bolt, have accused the BBC of squandering the televisionlicence feeon the programme. The series employs a team of researchers to ensure medical accuracy, and utilises surgeons from different disciplines to check scripts. Cast members are taught to perform basic medical procedures, and given the opportunity to spend time on real hospital wards for research.Holby Cityhas, however, been criticised for its lack of realism, with theBritish Medical Associationdenouncing its portrayal of organ donation and unrealistic impression of resuscitation, and anaccident and emergencynurse at the 2008Royal College of Nursingconference accusing the show of fostering unrealistic expectations of the NHS and fuellingcompensation culture.

Holby Cityhas been nominated for over 100 television awards,of which it has won ten: the 2008British Academy Television Awardfor Best Continuing Drama, one BEFFTA Award, twoEthnic Multicultural Media Awards,two Music Video and Screen Awards, and fourScreen NationAwards. The show'sfirst seriesaveraged 9.27 million viewers, but apart from a rise in itsfifth series,ratings declined year-on-year until 2009, with theeleventh seriesaveraging 5.44 million viewers. Thetwelfth seriessaw a small rise to 5.62 million. Later series consistently drew over 4 million viewers per week.

Production[edit]

The show began with only eleven main characters in itsfirst series,all of whom have since left the show. New main characters have been both written in and out of the series since, with a core of fifteen to twenty main actors employed on the serial at any given time. In casting the first series, Young sought out actors who were already well known in the television industry, something which has continued throughout the show's history, with cast members includingPatsy Kensit,Jane Asher,Robert Powell,Adrian Edmondson,Alex WalkinshawandJemma Redgrave.

McHale was the show's lead writer for several years, and was the first British writer ever to become the "showrunner" of a major prime time drama. Under his tenure as executive producer, attempts were made at modernising the programme and appealing to a younger audience by taking on thefilmisingtechnique and introducing musical montage segments into each episode. Twenty complete series ofHolby Cityhave aired, and an twenty-first began airing in January 2019. The show has run for over 600 hour-long episodes. It is filmed in studios at the BBC Elstree Centre in Hertfordshire, with the 1960s office building Neptune House being used for multiple exteriors and interiors in the series. It has occasionally featured special episodes filmed on location abroad. From October 2010,Holby Citymoved tohigh definitionbroadcasting.

In September 2016, as part of the broadcaster's Compete Or Compare Strategy, the BBC confirmed the show would be one of the first put up for tender.[1]In the tender released in October, it was confirmed the contract, open to independent producers andBBC Studios,would be for 3 series of a minimum 50 episodes per series, delivered from December 2017 with no break in transmission and produced from the existing production base atBBC Elstree Centre.[2]BBC Studios was announced as the winning bidder and was to continue to produce the show through to 2020.[3]

It was announced on 18 March 2020 that production had been suspended onHolby Cityand other BBC Studios continuing dramas in light of new government guidelines following theCOVID-19 pandemic.A BBC Studios statement said there would be no impact on the immediate broadcast of episodes, but that the "long-term ramifications are still unclear".[4]Despite this, it was announced on 9 April 2020 that the drama would be going on an extended hiatus on 14 April.[5]It was later confirmed that the show would return in July 2020.[6]

Development[edit]

Holby Citywas created byTony McHaleandMal Youngas a spin-off from the BBC medical dramaCasualty,which is set in theemergency departmentof the fictional Holby City Hospital.[7][8]Young wanted to explore what happened to patients treated inCasualtyonce they were taken away to the hospital's surgical wards.[9]WhileCasualty'sscope is limited to "accident of the week" storylines about patients entering hospital,Holby Cityallowed the possibility of storylines about long-term care, rather than immediate life and death decisions.[10]The series was commissioned by BBC One ControllerPeter Salmon,and began airing onBBC Oneon 12 January 1999.[11][12]The series initially had theworking titleHolby Central,before the name was amended by the time that promotions for the programme began being broadcast over the Christmas season of 1998.[13]

Series producerRichard Stokesbelieves that the series' popularity stems from the fact the hospital setting presents numerous plotline opportunities, explaining: "You have licence to create life-and-death situations every week, something you cannot do in any other set piece. The interaction of the characters can be sexy and social issues also permeate the writing. But, basically, hospital drama is successful because the viewers will forgive all the yukky bits for the wonder of a life saved."[14]The focus of the series has developed since its conception, expanding to cover extra wards, including agynaecologyward, anacute assessment unitand amaternityward.[14]When the maternity ward and aspecial care baby unitwere introduced duringseries four,Young explained that new wards were necessary to allow the crew to rotate sets, maximising filming potential.[15]

Episodes ofHolby Citycost around £370,000 to produce—more than the BBC soap operaEastEnders,at £130,000 per episode, but less thanCasualtyat £450,000 per episode, orDalziel and Pascoeat £700–800,000 per episode. AsHolby Cityis a high-volume, year-round production, it has relatively low production costs. Set-up costs can be spread over many years and standing sets can be repeatedly re-used, which is not the case for shorter series or one-off dramas.[16]

The hospital set, at BBC Elstree Centre in Borehamwood.

Young remained an executive producer ofHolby Cityuntil 2004, when he left the BBC to work for production company19 TV.[17]FormerCasualtyproducerJohnathan Youngwas an executive producer for the duration ofHolby'sfirst series, before joiningChannel 4in 1999.[18]Kathleen Hutchisonserved alongside Mal Young as co-executive producer from 2003 to 2004, when she left the series to become executive producer ofEastEnders.[19][20]Hutchison was succeeded by former series producer Stokes,[21]who remained working onHolby Cityuntil 2006, when McHale returned to the series.[7]He resigned from the position in 2009,[7]and was succeeded by Belinda Campbell in 2010.[22]

In February 2011, it was announced that Johnathan Young would return to the BBC from March, succeeding Campbell as executive producer of bothCasualtyandHolby City.[23]Two years later, the BBC advertised for a new executive producer for both shows.[24]Oliver Kent was then announced as Young's successor, being promoted from senior producer atHolby Cityand series producer atCasualty.[25]Kent was promoted to Head of Continuing Drama Series for BBC Studios in December 2016,[26]and series producer Simon Harper was appointed the serial's acting executive producer. In June 2017, it was announced that Harper would take the job on a permanent basis.[27]Kate Oateswas hired as the show's senior executive producer in October 2018, working alongside Harper.[28]She was promoted, succeeding Kent in his position, in April 2019.[29]Harper remained in the role of executive producer until 2021.[30][31]

Writing[edit]

Holby Citystorylines are planned eight months in advance.[32]The series utilises a number of scriptwriters, who are found and scheduled by script development editor Simon Harper.[33]Harper receives around 20 speculative scripts a week, and also finds writers through the BBC Writers Academy, a course established in 2005 which guarantees its graduates the opportunity to work on prime time television. McHale teaches at the academy, and graduate Abi Bown went on to become a regular writer forHolby City.[34]Harper also recruits writers through the BBC's Continuing Drama Shadow Scheme, open to writers from all levels of experience.[35]He believes that scripts which demonstrate synthesis between guest and serial storylines are "the spine of the show", and has stated that, "Good, cracking, intelligent, ballsy dialogue is a must," explaining: "It's about getting the characters' voices because the characters drive these shows. It is a love for and investment in these characters and the consistency of those characters." Harper does not require that writers are necessarily familiar with the show, and would like to attract more female scriptwriters.[33]

McHale wrote the series' first episode, and served as the show's lead writer.[36]His 2006 promotion to executive producer was part of a bid by Controller of BBC Drama ProductionJohn Yorketo "put writers back at the heart of the process". Yorke called McHale's promotion "fantastic", explaining: "It means that for the first time you've got a writer running one of our big powerhouse BBC1 shows."[37]Following McHale's resignation, his replacement as lead writer was Justin Young, who intends to introduce a more writer-led commissioning process fromseries 13onwards, with writers creating more of the theme and story of their episodes than was previously the case.[35]

Medical accuracy[edit]

To ensure accuracy in scriptwriting, the serial employs a team of researchers to advise writers on nursing issues and health service politics.[14]One medical advisor was given a cameo role in the series as an orthopaedic surgeon, and another, recovery nurse Rachel Carter, appears inHolby Cityas a scrub nurse.[38][39]Another adviser, aheart surgeon,has occasionally leftopen-heart surgeryto adviseHolby Citywriters over the phone.[14]The program uses surgeons from different disciplines, who check scripts for accuracy. Carter believes this is particularly important in case viewers copy procedures they have seen in the show, such asCPR.Series starAmanda Mealingcommented: "We pride ourselves on being realistic. You need to know what you are doing and why. It is a complex and foreign thing to act out an operation. For training, I watched a number of real ones."[40]

Cast members are taught how to give realistic injections, monitor blood pressure and check a pulse, and some are given the opportunity to observe procedures in real hospitals.[41]Original cast memberGeorge Irvingobservedcoronary artery bypass surgeryperformed atPapworthandMiddlesex Hospitalin preparation for his role asAnton Meyer,whileEdward MacLiamobservedlaparoscopic surgerybeing performed before joining the cast as Greg Douglas inseries twelve.[42][43]

The series uses operationalventilatorson set and these were donated to theNHS Nightingale Hospitalduring theCOVID-19 pandemic.[44]

Filming and on-screen output[edit]

A map of the hospital's internal layout

Holby CityandCasualtyare both set in Holby City Hospital, in the fictional county of Wyvern, in the southwest of England close to the Welsh border.[45][46]The city exterior is represented byBristol,thoughHolby Cityis filmed atBBC Elstree CentreinBorehamwood,Hertfordshire.[47][48]TheCasualtyset in Bristol was not large enough to encompass the surgical ward and operating theatre required forHolby City,and as a result, some crossover scenes in the first episode had to be shot twice, first on theCasualtyset and then again at Elstree, with cast members travelling between the two locations.[9]In October 2007, BBC cutbacks ledThe Daily Telegraphto report that the Elstree site would be sold, andHolby Cityrelocated to share a set withCasualty,possibly inCardiff.[48]In March 2009, the BBC confirmed thatCasualtywould move to a new set in Cardiff, however in the following month,The Guardianannounced that the BBC would retain Elstree Studios for at least another four years.[49][50]

Several episodes of the series have been shot on location abroad. In 2004, the romance between nurseJess Griffin(Verona Joseph) and anaesthetistZubin Khan(Art Malik) culminated in an episode set in Paris.[51]The following year, registrarDiane Lloyd(Patricia Potter) followed consultantRic Griffin(Hugh Quarshie) toGhanaas part of the BBC's "Africa lives" series, a week of programmes bringing an exploration of African culture to UK audiences.[52][53]In 2006, an episode shot inSwitzerlandfeatured consultantElliot Hope's (Paul Bradley) wife Gina (Gillian Bevan) committingassisted suicideafter hermotor neurone diseaseworsened.[54]A 2007 episode filmed inDubaifocused onHolbyregistrarJoseph Byrne(Luke Roberts) meeting new nurseFaye Morton(Patsy Kensit), and in 2008, Joseph and consultantLinden Cullen(Duncan Pow) travelled toCape Townwhen Faye experienced difficulties there.[55][56]Series producer Diana Kyle stated in November 2008 that due to major BBC budget cuts, the series would not be filming abroad again for the "foreseeable future".[32]However, on 10 December 2012, it was announced that the show had filmed one episode inStockholm,which focusses on Jac tracking down hospital CEOHenrik Hanssen(Guy Henry) and exploring his backstory.[57]

Holby Citywas shot using thesingle-camera setup.[58]Filming occurred from 8am until 7pm daily, 50 weeks a year.[14]From July 2007 onwards, the show took on thefilmisingtechnique, giving episodes the impression of having been shot on film. Kyle stated that this was intended to attract a younger audience and modernise the programme, and that there had been a "very positive" response to the change.[32][59]On 28 May 2010, the BBC announced that it would be launching ahigh definition(HD) simulcast of BBC One from the autumn, and thatHolby Citywould move to HD by the end of the year.[60]The series moved to HD broadcasting, with aBBC HDsimulcast, from the start of series 13 in October 2010.[61]

Music[edit]

The show'seleventh seriessaw musical montage or "songtage" segments become standard in each episode, introduced by McHale as a means of modernising the show. Although McHale initially considered commissioning original pieces, budgetary constraints limited choices to pre-existing tracks. The use of songtages was first popularised by the US medical dramaGrey's Anatomy,however McHale stated he was unaware of this untilHolby Cityhad already adopted the technique.[62]Music was generally selected by each episode's scriptwriter. If the writer was not specific about which songs should be used, the producers and director would select the music in post-production. Actors also have some input:Hugh Quarshiepersonally selected the music he believed his characterRic Griffinwould listen to in theatre.[32]Asked in June 2010 whether she felt songtages were appropriate for a serious drama show, Kyle responded: "Yes – sometimes. On a multi-strand series such asHolby,they are an excellent way of telling stories visually – a moment from each – to open or close an episode or create the passing of time in a concise way for the audience. "Kris Green of entertainment and media websiteDigital Spysuggested that the number of songs used per episode could be "very jarring", to which Kyle replied: "We plan to use music carefully in the future – maybe 'songtages', as above – and sourced music within a scene, that is music actually playing in the scene itself, for example on a radio – but less incidental."[63]

Broadcast[edit]

Main article:List of Holby City episodes

Holby Citypremiered on 12 January 1999 on BBC One.[64]Twenty-one series of the show have since aired, and a twenty-second began airing on 7 January 2020. The show's first series ran for nine episodes.[65]In June 2000, thenDirector-General of the BBCGreg Dykepledged extra funding for BBC One, some of which was used for extra episodes ofHolby City.[66]The second and third series ran for 16 and 30 episodes respectively, with new episodes then airing on a weekly basis from the fourth series onwards.[65]Series four to nine and eleven all ran for 52 episodes, while series ten ran for 53 episodes, including the stand-alone finale episode "Mad World", set outside the hospital.[67]All series from then on continued to consist of 52 episodes, with exception to the twelfth series, which consisted of 55 episodes in total. Young explained of the increase in series length: "Longer runs allow you to develop really strong storylines for the regular characters. As long as you do volume with passion, it'll work."[15]The series reached its 500th episode on 13 April 2010,[68]and its 1000th episode on 5 November 2019.[69]

ThroughoutHolby City'sfirst series, episodes were 50 minutes long. From the second series onwards, episodes have been one hour in length.[65]The show was originally broadcast on Tuesday nights at 8.10 pm, until a switch to Thursdays occurred for the second series, which began broadcasting in November 1999.[citation needed]Halfway through the third series in 2001, Holby reverted to its original Tuesday night slot, but now at 8.05 pm.[70]Finally, the show moved into the 8pm timeslot, where it has since remained.[71]The show is occasionally broadcast on a different day dependent on BBC scheduling.[72]In 2007, the show temporarily moved to Thursday nights, allowingHolbyBlueto air in the 8pm Tuesday timeslot.[73]BBC One in Scotlandtypically broadcasts episodes at the later time of 10.45 pm.[74]

In February 2019, it was announced that repeats ofHolby Citywould begin airing on the channelDrama,starting from the first episode.[75]

The programme airs inFinlandon the channelYle TV2under the name ofHolby Cityn sairaala.[76]

Cancellation[edit]

On 2 June 2021, it was announced thatHolby Cityhad been cancelled and would conclude with the 23rd series. The final episode was broadcast in March 2022.[77]The decision was made as part of plans from the BBC to make more programmes across the country with the intention to better reflect it. An official press release statement thanked the entire cast and crew for their work on the serial and promised that it would "[go] out on a high".[77]Gleeson explained that his team wanted to make the series' concluding broadcasts "the most entertainingHolbyyet ".[78]Hugh Quarshie,the show's longest-serving cast member, told Sarah Marsh ofThe Guardianthat the cast and production team were informed about the cancellation one hour before its announcement.[79]

The show's cancellation received a backlash from critics, fans and past and present cast members. Calli Kitson ofMetrobranded the decision "a huge mistake" and summarised, "Put simply, storylines in Holby City have saved people's lives."[80]Borehamwood and Elstree Timeswriter and Elstree Studios historian Paul Welsh was disappointed by the news and felt sorry for the cast "whose fame rests on being inHolby City"and may struggle withtypecasting.[81]Quarshie,Joe McFadden(Raf di Lucca),Davood Ghadami(Eli Ebrahimi) andLuisa Bradshaw-White(Lisa Fox) were among the cast who expressed their sadness with the show's cancellation.[79][82]Fans of the show launched achange.orgpetition to saveHolby City;it reached over 30,000 signatures in a matter of days.[83]

Characters and cast[edit]

Characters[edit]

Main articles:Characters of Holby CityandList of Holby City characters

Holby Cityfollows the professional and personal lives of medical and ancillary staff at Holby City Hospital. It features an ensemble cast of main and recurring characters. New main characters have been both written in and out of the series regularly since it started, the show contains a core of 10 to 20 main characters on the show at any given time.[14]

The original cast of 11 characters featured in the show's first episode consisted ofconsultantsAnton Meyer(George Irving) and Muriel McKendrick (Phyllis Logan),registrarsNick Jordan(Michael French) and Kirstie Collins (Dawn McDaniel),senior house officerVictoria Merrick (Lisa Faulkner),ward sisterKaren Newburn (Sarah Preston), theatre sister Ellie Sharpe (Julie Saunders), senior staff nurse Ray Sykes (Ian Curtis), staff nurses Julie Bradford (Nicola Stephenson) and Jasmine Hopkins (Angela Griffin), and ward clerk Paul Ripley (Luke Mably).[84]

Towards the end of its run the show featured an ensemble of sixteen regular characters.[85]Having originally appeared between 2004 and 2011,Jaye Jacobsreprised her role asDonna Jacksonin 2017.[86]Rosie Marcelhas starred asJac Naylorsince 2005,[87]whileSacha LevyactorBob BarrettjoinedHolby Cityin 2010.[88]Henrik Hanssen(Guy Henry) rejoined the show in 2015, two years after leaving a three-year stint on the show.[89]Initially cast in a guest stint, actorDavid Ames(Dominic Copeland) joined the regular cast in 2014.[90]Following his decision to leaveCasualty,Alex Walkinshawaccepted an invitation to reprise his role asAdrian "Fletch" Fletcherin 2014.[91]In 2019,Ange Godard(Dawn Steele) andMax McGerry(Jo Martin) were introduced to the series.[92][93]Max's son,Louis McGerry(Tyler Luke Cunningham), was introduced in 2020, marking the introduction of the show's first regulartransgendercharacter.[94]Following the show's production break, three new characters were introduced:Josh Hudson(Trieve Blackwood-Cambridge),Jeong-Soo Han(Chan Woo Lim), andLucky Simpson(Vineeta Rishi).[95]Amy Murphy joined the show's cast asKylie Maddonin February 2021.[96]Three regular characters were introduced in the show's final series: Eli Ebrahimi (Davood Ghadami),[97]Madge Britton (Clare Burt),[98]and Russell "Russ" Faber (Simon Slater).[99]

Casting[edit]

In casting thefirst seriesofHolby City,Young—who had previously worked on the soap operasBrooksideandFamily Affairs—selected actors who were already established names in the acting industry, particularly from a soap opera background.[100]French had starred in the BBC'sEastEnders,while Stephenson and Faulkner had starred inBrookside.[9]Griffin had also appeared inITV'sCoronation Street.[100]Young explained: "Some of the best performances on screen have come out of soaps in the past few years. There is a fantastic amount of talent on those shows."[9]This propensity for hiring established actors continued as the soap progressed, with formerBrooksideactressPatricia Pottercast as registrarDiane Lloyd,Star WarsactorDenis Lawsoncast as consultantTom Campbell-Gore,andFamily AffairsstarRocky Marshallcast as SHOEd Keating.[15]Later roles were awarded to comedianAdrian Edmondson,former film actressPatsy Kensit,andJesus of Nazarethstar Powell.[101]WhenJane Asherwas cast in the recurring role ofLady Byrnein 2007,Inside Soapmagazine asked Kyle whether the production team intentionally sought out "well-known-names". She responded: "It's lovely when we have a new member of the cast come in and bring an audience with them. But we want the best actors, and the star names we cast are always the best – which is why we go for them."[59]

There is a casting department at Elstree Studios which casts actors forHolby Cityas well asCasualty,EastEndersandDoctors.The programme also has two dedicated casting directors who bring in a shortlist of actors for the producer and director to audition.[32]Some cast members who play main characters have made previous appearances inHolby Cityin minor roles. Mealing appeared as the mother of a paediatric patient in the show'sfourth series,[102]Roberts appeared as the son of a medical professor inHolby City'sseventh series,[103]and Dhillon appeared as anaesthetist Sunil Gupta in 2001.[104]Roberts believes that his single scene in series seven was enough for him to be called in for the part of Joseph,[105]while in contrast, Dhillon does not believe that his role contributed to his casting as Michael, but instead worried that it would work against him.[106]

Guest stars[edit]

Holby Cityhas featured a number of famous guest stars.Emma Samms,Antonio Fargas,Ronald PickupandLeslie Phillipsmade appearances within the show's first few series, andAnita Dobson,Peter BowlesandSusannah Yorkall appeared in the fiftieth episode.[19]Other notable guest stars includePaul Blackthorne,[107]Suzanne Shaw,[108]Geoffrey Hutchings,[109]Richard Todd,[110]Johnny Briggs,[111]Terence Rigby,[112]Michael Obiora,[113]andLionel Jeffries.[114]Richard Briersappeared as patient George Woodman in the Christmas episode "Elliot's Wonderful Life",Eric Sykesplayed Roger Ludlow, a patient withAlzheimer's diseaseandPhill Jupitusstarred as morbidly obese patient Andy Thompson.Kieron Dyerwas in four episodes as an injury prone footballer,Denise Welchhad a recurring role as risk manager Pam McGrath, mother of nurseKeri,Clarke Petersappeared for five episodes in 2009 as the father of nurse Donna Jackson, andGraeme Gardenhad a recurring role from 2003 to 2007 as cardiothoracic consultant Edward Loftwood.Cascade Brownplayed Sophie Hindmarsh in 2004,Antonio Fargasappeared in 2003 as Victor Garrison, a patient withParkinson's disease,Sheridan Smithappeared for six episodes in 2001 as teenage stalker Miranda Locke, andDavid Soulmade two appearances as Professor Alan Fletcher.[citation needed]The BBC's William Gallagher wrote in a November 2001 column that Soul's guest-appearance had begun a trend for American actors appearing in UK shows.[115]In 2012,Ron Moodyguest starred as patient Vincent Mancini, a war veteran.[116]Peter Sallisalso had a guest appearance in the episode (The Morning After) where he played Lionel Davis.[117]

In 2003, the BBC reached an agreement with the actors' unionEquityto cease offering walk-on drama series roles to members of the public as prizes. When an untrained person won such a role inHolby Cityin a competition, Equity complained to the broadcaster that such prizes were "demeaning" to actors, depriving them of paid employment. The competition winner was allowed to visit theHolby Cityset, but did not appear on-screen as a result of the policy change.[118]

Adaptations and other appearances[edit]

Casualty@Holby City[edit]

Main article:Casualty@Holby City

ReflectingHolby City'sorigins as a spin-off fromCasualtyand the closely related premises of the two programmes, the BBC has screened occasional crossover mini-dramas entitledCasualty@Holby City,featuring a number of characters from each of the two casts.[119]Prior to the commissioning ofCasualty@Holby City,the two shows had occasionally crossed-over storylines and cast members before; for instance developing a romance betweenHolby City'sBen Saunders(David Paisley) andCasualty'sTony Vincent (Lee Warburton).[120]The first full crossover was spearheaded byCasualty'sexecutive producer Mervyn Watson, andHolby City'sMcHale. Logistical difficulties arose from the fact the two series are usually produced 120 miles apart, and work on both shows had to be halted for two weeks to release a number of cast members to appear in the special.[121]

A second crossover was commissioned in 2005 as part of the BBC's DoNation season, aiming to raise public awareness oforgan donationand help viewers make an informed decision about whether to sign up to the Organ Donor Register. An interactive episode ofCasualty@Holby Citywas one of the headlining shows of the season, allowing viewers to vote by phone to determine the outcome of a fictional organ donation.[122]The thirdCasualty@Holby Citycrossover aired in October 2005. The four-part storyline tackled the issue of youth violence, following the events of a turbulent A&E demonstration at an inner-city school.[123]Based on the success of the 2004Casualty@Holby CityChristmas special, another crossover was ordered for Christmas 2005. Rather than dividing the episodes between the two series' crews as had previously been standard, this crossover operated as an entirely separate production, with Kyle producing and Paul Harrison directing.[124]

In February 2010, another crossover occurred whenCasualty'sCharlie Fairhead(Derek Thompson) was operated on byHolby City'sElliot Hope after suffering a heart attack. The storyline was, however, broadcast as regularCasualtyandHolby Cityepisodes, rather than under theCasualty@Holby Citytitle.[125][126]Casualty'sseries producer Oliver Kent commented that, while it is "fantastic" to be able to produce crossover episodes, they are logistically difficult,[127]and it is unlikely that anotherCasualty@Holby Cityepisode will be produced in the "foreseeable future". In September 2010,Holby City'snurseDonna Jackson(Jaye Jacobs) appeared inCasualty,and Kent hopes that characters from the two shows will begin to crossover two or three times a year.[128]

Despite the show's end, former cast members have continued to crossover toCasualty,starting withAlex Walkinshawas Fletch appearing on 2 April 2022 as a continuation of plot of the final episode that aired earlier in the week.[129]In October 2022, it was confirmedBob Barrettwould appear as Sacha Levy in a 2023 episode.[130]

HolbyBlue[edit]

Main article:HolbyBlue

On 27 April 2006, the BBC announced the commissioning ofHolby Blue,a police procedural spin-off fromHolby Citycreated byTony Jordan.[131]Jordan contemplated that "soap snobs" may hold the series in disdain for using theHolbybrand, but concluded: "After much thought, I remembered who I was as a writer, the joy I take from surprising an audience, by subverting expectation – andHolbyBluewas born. "[132]Holby Citywas moved to Thursdays for the duration ofHolbyBlue'sfirst series, with the spin-off broadcast on Tuesday nights at 8 pm.[133]A two-part crossover episode withHolby Citywas developed for the beginning of the show's second series, broadcast in 2008. The episodes were written by McHale and Jordan, and sawHolby Cityregistrar Jac Naylor accused of murder.[134]Yorke compared the crossover to the AmericanCSIfranchise,in that: "You really believe it's a world."[135]While the second series attracted 5.6 million viewers with its opening episode, by the end of May 2008 viewership had fallen to 2.5 million.[136]In August 2008, the BBC announced that due to declining ratings,Holby Bluewould not be recommissioned for a third series.[137]

Other appearances[edit]

In June 2002, cast members fromHolby CityandCasualtycompeted against theEastEnderscast for the firstSport Relieffundraiser, in a segment dubbed "Sport in the Square". The teams competed in events such as taxi pulling, melon tossing and a beer keg relay.[138]The competition was televised on BBC One, and the event as a whole raised £10 million.[139]In October 2003, BBC One aired a "Kenyon Confronts" documentary byPanoramareporter Paul Kenyon, investigating hospitals run by thePrivate Finance Initiative.He discovered many problems within the hospitals, which were dramatised by theHolby Citycast in specially commissioned scenes.[140]March 2004 saw the station air the documentary "Making It at Holby", as part of a BBC initiative to develop new acting talent. The documentary followed the casting process ofHolby CityandCasualty,from the audition stages to the filming of the selected actors' first scenes. Young explained his casting criteria, stating: "I try to put my head into the head of a viewer and ask: do I want to spend three years in the life of this person?"[141]

The 17 November 2006Children in Needcharitytelethonincluded a segment featuring theHolby Citycast performing a comical version of "Hung Up"byMadonna.[142]The 16 November 2007Children in Needappeal again contained a musical performance from Holby City cast members.Sharon D Clarke,backed byNadine Lewington,Rakie AyolaandPhoebe Thomasperformed a soul version ofAretha Franklin's signature song, "Respect".[143][144]On 28 June 2008,Holby Citystars competed against theirCasualtycounterparts in a special charity edition ofBBC Twogame-showThe Weakest Link.[145]Holby CityandCasualtycast members united on 20 February 2010, performing a dance rendition of "Jai Ho"forLet's Dance for Sport Relief.[146]

On 12 October 2021, it was announced thatHolby Citywould partake in a special crossover event involving multiple British soaps to promote the topic ofclimate changeahead of the2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference.It was confirmed that events fromHolby Citywould be discussed onHollyoaks.[147][148]

Reception[edit]

Critical response[edit]

Holby Cityhas attracted comparisons to other medical dramas, often unfavourable. In November 2002, John Whiston, then head of drama atGranada Television,accused the BBC of producing "ersatz parodies" of ITV drama, commenting that: "WithHolby Citycloned out ofCasualty,the BBC has even ended up copying itself. "[149]Paul Hoggart ofThe Timeshas written that the differences between the two shows are "mild", callingHolby City:"Casualty'scute little sister ".[150]Kevin Lygo,director of television at Channel 4, referred toHolby Cityas "sudsy drama", deeming it,CasualtyandHolbyBlue"all decent programmes, but strikingly similar in many aspects of their tone and construction."[151]Holby Cityhas also been unfavourably compared with the American medical dramaER.Television producerPaul Abbotthas commented that although he watchesER,he does not watchHolby Cityas: "it looks like you've crammed one hour's drama into 26 episodes."[152]In October 2009, formerHolby CitywriterPeter Jukeswrote a critical piece forProspectmagazine, contrasting the show negatively with the standard of American television dramas.[153]Jukes wrote thatHolby Cityhas become a soap opera, rather than a drama, and deemed the episodes he worked on "the most dispiriting experiences in [his] 25 years as a dramatist."[154]

On several occasions, people within the television and entertainment industry have suggested thatHolby Cityis a waste of the televisionlicence fee,with some suggesting that it ought to be cancelled. In August 2002, Paul Bolt, director of theBroadcasting Standards Commissioncriticised BBC programming as being "humdrum" and "formulaic", saying ofHolby Cityand the police proceduralMersey Beat:"One begins to wonder what really is the point of the BBC bringing this to us. Let's have something a bit different."[155]Then head of BBC dramaJane Tranterresponded that Bolt's examples were "highly selective" as well as "hugely patronising to the millions of viewers who enjoy popular dramas likeHolby City– week in, week out ".[156]Young, who at the time held the position of head of drama serials, toldThe Guardian:"Popular drama has always been singled out for criticism, but people are increasingly voting with their on-buttons."[157]Also in 2002, David Cox of theNew Statesmancriticised BBC One's 2001 Christmas schedule, for airingHolby Cityagainst a contemporary version ofOthello.On this basis, Cox advocated the abolition of the licence fee, explaining: "The BBC was invented in a period when the elite decided what the population should know. If that has gone, then the licence fee should go too."[158]At the 2003Edinburgh International Television Festival,BSkyB chief executiveTony Ballcalled for stricter restrictions on how the BBC spent licence payers' money, suggesting thatHolby Citybe sold to the channel's commercial rivals, with the proceeds used to develop more original programming.[159][160]The BBC refused Ball's suggestion, responding in a statement: "This speech clearly reflects BSkyB's view that programmes are merely a commodity to be bought and sold."[161]In June 2004,Charles Allen,chief executive ofITV plcquestioned the amount of funding spent on lengthened episodes ofHolby City,[162]and in January 2010,Janet Street-PorterofThe Independentargued thatHolby Citywas one of several series which had "come to the end of their natural life" and "should be put out of its misery."[163]

Holby Citywas praised by campaigners for theRoyal National Institute for Deaf People(RNID) in October 2003, when an episode which coincided with "Learn To Sign Week" used deaf actors, and featured characters communicating throughBritish Sign Language.RNID chief executive John Low stated: "Too often individuals have to rely on family members or friends to communicate complicated personal information to professionals. This is the reason the RNID is calling on the government to channel funding into the training of British Sign Language interpreters who could then be available to NHS staff treating deaf patients." Stokes commented: "The writer had a great story he wanted to tell – for us, that's what matters first and foremost."[164]A 2008 report into ethnic diversity on television, commissioned by Channel 4, citedHolby Cityas a positive example of "diverse British programm[ing]".[165]Five years previously in 2003, former BBC hostSir Ludovic Kennedycomplained that ethnic minorities were over-represented on television, prompting a BBC spokeswoman to explain thatHolby Cityhas more ethnic characters as it is set in an area where minorities account for up to 30% of the population.[166]According to the 2001 census, the population of Bristol – which the city of Holby is loosely based upon – is 88% white and 12% ethnic minorities.

Realism[edit]

The show has been criticised for its lack of realism. Former nurse Vici Hoban commented in February 2004 that there existed three stereotypes of nurses exist: "sex object, doctor's handmaiden, or angel". She felt that media portrayal had amplified these misconceived views, observing that with "the syringe-toting serial killerKellyinHolby City,realism has never been top of TV's agenda. "However, Hoban felt that the worst offender at the time was the Channel 4 medical dramaNo Angels,which she described as: "so inaccurate that it makesHolby Citylook like a factual documentary. "[167]No AngelscreatorToby Whithousedefended his series, stating thatHolby Citypresents an unfair representation of nursing, deceiving viewers into believing that nursing "is a nice, clean job full of handsome doctors." Whithouse observed that the content ofHolby Cityis defined by thewatershed,describing real nursing work in contrast as "very post-watershed".[168]In November 2009, Antony Sumara, CEO of the Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Hospital Trust, wrote a column criticisingHolby Cityfor misrepresenting real hospital life.[169]Tom SutcliffeofThe Independentreviewed a December 2009 episode poorly, finding it "astonishing" that any patients leave Holby General alive, as the staff are "so busy looking stricken or lovelorn at each other".[170]

In December 2003,Libby Purveswrote a critical opinion piece inThe Times,observing thatHolby City'smedical staff are often depicted getting drunk in clubs, but afterwards are able to function properly at work, and that as a result, alcohol "is made to look innocent".[171]In October 2004, CanonKenyon Wright,chair of Alcohol Focus Scotland, criticised an episode ofHolby Citywhich saw doctors downingtequilaslammers, stating that it glamorised irresponsible drinking.[172]Similarly, in October 2007, drinks' industry body thePortman Groupmade an official complaint to communications regulatorOfcomabout a scene inHolby Citywhich depicted two medics drinking five shots of tequila following a stressful day at work. The body's chief executive David Poley claimed that in failing to show the negative consequences of this action, the series was presenting a "highly irresponsible portrayal of excessive and rapid drinking".[173]Ofcom received a total of eight complaints about the incident.[174]

Holby Cityhas also been accused of medical inaccuracies. TheBritish Medical Associationdenounced a January 2004 episode of the serial which portrayedorgan donationbeing carried out despite withdrawal of consent by the patient's relatives. Dr Michael Wilks, chairman of the Medical Ethics Committee stated: "This simply would not happen, but its portrayal, even in a drama, is totally irresponsible and risks causing huge damage to the already struggling transplant programme."[175]The British Medical Association later opined that the show was giving viewers an unrealistic impression of resuscitation by typically presenting only two outcomes, death or total recovery. Andrew Thomson, aDundeeGP, deemed this "a terrible distortion of the truth."[176]In a follow-up story forThe Times,Vivienne Parry highlighted the fact that in reality, less than half of patients who require resuscitation survive the initial catastrophe and only a third of those live to leave hospital.[177]At theRoyal College of Nursing(RCN) conference inBournemouthin April 2010,Holby Citywas accused of fostering unrealistic expectations of the NHS, encouraging patients to believe in miracles and fuellingcompensation culture.Accident and Emergencynurse John Hill stated: "In A&E it is sometimes a fact that sadly we cannot get people through the trauma they have received. Unfortunately, unlike inHolby City,I am a mere mortal and cannot perform miracles. But many relatives believe because of that, you can. And the injury lawyers assure them that if you don't they will get recompense for it. "[178][179]

Impact[edit]

In October 2000, Dr John Ryan, anAccident & Emergencyconsultant at theRoyal Sussex County HospitalinBrightoncriticised the number of patients visiting the department for minor ailments without first contacting theirGP.Ryan attributed this phenomenon to patients viewingHolby Cityand American medical dramaER,and coming to regard hospitals as glamorous.[180]A three-year Belgian research project, presented at aBritish Psychological Societymeeting in September 2008, claimed that watchingHolby Cityand similar medical dramas such asCasualtyandERhad a subliminal influence on fear of illness. 1,300 teenagers were questioned on their viewing habits, and those who watched more medical dramas were found to be up to 10% more fearful about their health, with females more affected than males. Dr Jan Van Mierlo ofHasselt Universitystated that further research was needed into the long-term impact of television.[181]

In 2008,Conservative Partystrategists identified four archetypes based on TV programmes to help the party targetswing voters.Alongside "Top Gearman ","Apprenticegeneration "and"Grand Designscouple ", they identified"Holby Cityworker ", a middle-ranking health service employee.[182]The following year, strategists identified "Holby Citywoman"as a key voter demographic who may help the party win the2010 General Election.The "Holby Citywoman "is a female voter in her 30s or 40s, employed in a clinical or clerical position or some other public sector job.[183]She is a swing voter in General Elections,[184]who has voted for theLabour Partyin previous elections, though her identification with the Labour Party is not strong.[185]The "Holby Citywoman "archetype is modelled on the character ofFaye Morton.[184]

In January 2009, Jill Berry, president of theGirls' Schools Associationand head teacher at theDame Alice Harpur Schoolin Bedford, cited medical dramas such asHolby Cityas an inspiring force in increasing numbers of female students deciding to pursue careers in medicine. Berry said: "The girls see that as an exciting and dynamic way of life. They see it as making a difference to people's lives. It gives them a sense sometimes of the pressures, responsibility and adrenaline. Such TV programmes can be good, as long as they give a realistic impression."[186]Similarly, consultant surgeon Andrew Raftery uses clips fromHolby Cityas part of theUniversity of SheffieldOutreach and Access to Medicine Scheme, to inspire pupils from under-represented social and educational backgrounds to pursue careers in medicine.[187]

Awards and nominations[edit]

Main article:List of awards and nominations received by Holby City

Holby Cityhas been nominated for over 100 awards, of which it has won six. The series has received five nominations for theBritish Academy Television Awards,winning one. Minkie Spiro was nominated for the "Best New Director (Fiction)" award in 2003 for her work on the series. The show itself was nominated for the "Best Continuing Drama" award in 2004, 2005 and 2006, winning in 2008.[188]McHale commented on the win: "It's fantastic not being the bridesmaid", hoping that the award would help to make the serial "less of a guilty pleasure".[189]Holby Cityreceived multiple BBC Drama Award nominations between 2002 and 2006. Its best results saw the show voted fifth "Best Drama" in 2004 and 2006.[190][191]Amanda Mealingwas voted fourth "Best Actress" in 2006 for her role asConnie Beauchamp,[192]and the "Casualty@Holby City"moment where doctor Jim Brodie (Maxwell Caulfield) sacrifices his life for midwifeRosie Sattar(Kim Vithana) was voted viewers' fourth "Favourite Moment" of 2004.[193]The series has been nominated for the "Best Drama" award at theInside SoapAwardson six occasions—in 2004,[194]then concurrently from 2006 to 2010.[195]

Holby Cityhas received multiple long-list nominations at theNational Television Awards(NTAs) andTV ChoiceAwards. Mealing was short-listed for the "Most Popular Newcomer" award at the 2005 NTAs,[196]and for the "Best Actress" award at the 2008TV ChoiceAwards.[197]At the 2000Royal Television Society Awards,Sean De Sparengo and Richard Gort were nominated for the "Best Graphic Design – Titles" award for their contribution to the series.[198]The show itself was nominated in the "Soap and Continuing Drama" category at the 2007 awards.[199]Holby Citywas nominated "Best Serial Drama" at the 2008Digital Spy Soap Awards,[200]and in 2009,Stella Gonetwas nominated for the "Acting Performance in TV (Female)" award at theBritish Academy Scotland Awardsfor her role as CEOJayne Grayson.[201]In 2010, the series was shortlisted in the "Best Television Continuing Drama" category at theWriters' Guild of Great BritainAwards.[202]

At theEthnic Multicultural Media Awards,Angela Griffinwon "Best Actress" in 2000 for her role as nurseJasmine Hopkins,[203]and was nominated "Best TV Actress" in 2002, alongside co-starThusitha Jayasunderafor her role as registrarTash Bandara.[204]In 2004,Art Malikwon the "Best TV Actor" award for his role as anaesthetistZubin Khan.[205]Nirpal Singh Dhaliwal ofThe Timescriticised Malik's award, opining that: "A show such asHolby Citydoesn't merit any recognition. "[206]The show has won threeScreen NationAwards, and received nominations for a further seven.Jaye Jacobswon the "Emerging Talent" award in 2005 for her role as nurseDonna Jackson.[207]In 2006,Rakie AyolaandHugh Quarshiewere nominated for the Female and Male "Performance in TV" awards for their roles asKyla TysonandRic Griffinrespectively.[208][209]Sharon D. Clarkewon the 2007 "Female Performance in TV" award for her role asLola Griffin,[210]whileGinny Holderwas nominated in the same category for her role asThandie Abebe,and Ayola received an Honourable Mention.[211]Also in 2007,Roger Griffithswas nominated for the "Male Performance in TV" award for his role as Harvey Tyson, and Quarshie received an Honourable Mention in the same category.[211]Quarshie went on to win "Favourite Male TV Star" in 2008.[212]Also in 2008, Jacobs was nominated for the "Favourite Female TV Star" award, Ayola was nominated in the "Female Performance in TV" category, and the show itself was nominated for the "Diversity in Drama Production" award.[213]

Ratings[edit]

Series Episodes Premiere Finale Viewers
(in millions) 		Notes
1 9 12 January 1999(1999-01-12) 9 March 1999(1999-03-09) 9.24[214]
2 16 25 November 1999(1999-11-25) 9 March 2000(2000-03-09) 8.98[215]
3 30 5 October 2000(2000-10-05) 5 June 2001(2001-06-05) 7.75[216] [nb 1]
4 52 9 October 2001(2001-10-09) 1 October 2002(2002-10-01) 7.51[218]
5 52 8 October 2002(2002-10-08) 30 September 2003(2003-09-30) 7.77[219] [nb 2]
6 52 7 October 2003(2003-10-07) 12 October 2004(2004-10-12) 7.69[221]
7 52 19 October 2004(2004-10-19) 11 October 2005(2005-10-11) 7.04[222]
8 52 18 October 2005(2005-10-18) 17 October 2006(2006-10-17) 6.50[223]
9 52 24 October 2006(2006-10-24) 9 October 2007(2007-10-09) 5.86[224]
10 53 16 October 2007(2007-10-16) 14 October 2008(2008-10-14) 5.62[225]
11 52 21 October 2008(2008-10-21) 13 October 2009(2009-10-13) 5.44[226]
12 55 20 October 2009(2009-10-20) 12 October 2010(2010-10-12) 5.62[227] [nb 3]
13 52 19 October 2010(2010-10-19) 11 October 2011(2011-10-11) 5.65[229]
14 52 18 October 2011(2011-10-18) 9 October 2012(2012-10-09) 4.92[230]
15 52 16 October 2012(2012-10-16) 8 October 2013(2013-10-08) 4.61[231]
16 52 15 October 2013(2013-10-15) 7 October 2014(2014-10-07) 4.38[232]
17 52 14 October 2014(2014-10-14) 6 October 2015(2015-10-06) 4.64[233]
18 52 13 October 2015(2015-10-13) 4 October 2016(2016-10-04) 4.53[234] [nb 4]
19 64 11 October 2016(2016-10-11) 19 December 2017(2017-12-19) 4.54[235] [nb 4]
20 52 2 January 2018(2018-01-02) 27 December 2018(2018-12-27) 5.89[236]
21 53 2 January 2019(2019-01-02) 31 December 2019(2019-12-31) 6.55[236]
22 44[nb 5] 7 January 2020(2020-01-07) 30 March 2021(2021-03-30)
23 50 6 April 2021(2021-04-06) 29 March 2022(2022-03-29)

Notes[edit]

  1. ^Final viewership data is unavailable for two episodes from series three. Episode six, "Moving On", recorded an overnight rating of 5.65 million,[217]however was not among the 30 most viewed programmes on BBC One in the week of broadcast. As such, a final rating is not recorded by theBroadcasters' Audience Research Board(BARB). The following episode, "The Trouble With the Truth" also fell below the top 30. The series' average viewership is therefore calculated based on the remaining 28 episodes.
  2. ^Final viewership data is unavailable for two episodes from series five. Episode 13, "Time to Kill", was not among the 30 most viewed programmes on BBC One in the week of broadcast, and as such, a final rating is not recorded by the BARB. Episode 41, "Eyes Wide Open", attained an overnight rating of 6.80 million,[220]but also fell below the top 30. The series' average viewership is therefore calculated based on the remaining 50 episodes.
  3. ^Final viewership data is unavailable for one episode from series 12. Episode 11, "Stand By Me", recorded an overnight rating of 5.32 million,[228]however was not among the 30 most viewed programmes on BBC One in the week of broadcast, and as such does not have a final rating archived by the BARB. The series' average viewership is therefore calculated based on the remaining 54 episodes.
  4. ^abBased on twenty-eight-day data.
  5. ^Filming was suspended on 18 March 2020 due to thecoronavirus pandemic.

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External links[edit]

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