Horme
InGreek mythology,Horme(/ˈhɔːrmiː/;Ancient Greek:Ὁρμή) is the Greek spirit personifying energetic activity,impulseor effort (to do a thing),eagerness,setting oneself in motion, and starting an action, and particularly onrush in battle. She had an altar atAthens,where mainly the divine servants and relations ofZeus(includingPhemeandAidos,as well asAthena) had altars.[1]Her opposite character isAergia,a goddess ofslothandapathy.The word "horme" is also used to refer to the philosophical concept represented by the goddess.[2]
Legacy
[edit]- The name 'horme' was adopted by SirPercy Nunn,[3]to refer to all the purposive behaviours (drives or urges) of an organism – whether conscious or not. He based this on a suggestion by Jung[4]but saw it as having a wider significance than Jung's idea of relating the term to psychological values.Maria Montessori[5]made this a central point of her later thinking, stressing that the behaviour of the child was driven by an inner urge to self construct, to become the adult they were destined to be. This idea of the future drawing the child on (as opposed to child development being just driven by causality) was related to the Aristotelian concept ofentelechy[6]which would have formed an implicit part of herThomisteducation as a devout Catholic. The concept, but not the name, has been developed by writers such asJames Hillman[7]where he applies the idea to adults and refers to it as 'destiny' or the individual'sdaemon.
- InOn Obligations,Cicero contrasts horme with reason as one of two aspects of the soul. He seems to be using[clarification needed]where one would expect to see the word "passion" or "emotion″. In the Walsh translation it is rendered" appetite ".[2]
- The Greek writerArrian of Nicomediaowned a much-loved greyhound called Horme, whose character and name he recorded for posterity in hisKynēgetikos.[8]
Notes
[edit]- ^Pausanias,Graeciae Descriptio1.17.1
- ^abCicero, P.G. Walsh (2000)On Obligations
- ^Nunn, P. (1923) Education: its data and first principles. London: Edward Arnold
- ^Jung, C.G. (1916) Analytic Psychology. p. 348 footnote, as cited by Nunn
- ^Montessori, M. (1948). The Absorbent Mind. Oxford: Clio
- ^Stoops, J.A. (1987), "Maria Montessori: an intellectual portrait", Paper presented at the AMS meeting in Boston, available from ERIC
- ^Hillman, J. (1996) The Soul's Code: in search of character and calling. New York: Random House
- ^Arrian(1831).Arrian on coursing.Translated and with commentary by "A Graduate of Medicine". London: J. Bohn. pp. 78–82.
References
[edit]- Pausanias,Description of Greecewith an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918.ISBN0-674-99328-4.Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
- Pausanias,Graeciae Descriptio.3 vols.Leipzig, Teubner. 1903.Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- William Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, v. 2, p. 525