Ixora
Ixora | |
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Chinese ixora | |
Scientific classification![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Gentianales |
Family: | Rubiaceae |
Subfamily: | Ixoroideae |
Tribe: | Ixoreae |
Genus: | Ixora L. |
Type species | |
Ixora coccinea | |
Species | |
around 544, see text | |
Synonyms[1] | |
Ixorais agenusofflowering plantsin thefamilyRubiaceae.[1]It is the only genus in the tribeIxoreae.It consists of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs and holds around 544 species.[2]Though native to the tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world, its centre of diversity is inTropical Asia.Ixoraalso grows commonly in subtropical climates in the United States, such asFloridawhere it is commonly known asWest Indian jasmine.
Name
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Rheede_plate_13.png/220px-Rheede_plate_13.png)
Ixorais Latinized fromIshwara,a Sanskrit word meaning God, and the genus was formally created by Linnaeus in 1753,[3]as it was noted byHendrik van Rheedethat the flowers of what he noted asschetti(and named by Rheede asIxora coccinea) were offered in temples in theMalabar.[4][5][6]
Other common names includeviruchi,kiskaara,kepale,rangan,kheme,ponna,chann tanea,techi,pan,siantan,jarum-jarum/jejarum,cây trang thái,[7]jungle flame,jungle geranium,andcruz de Malta,among others.
Botany
[edit]The plants possess leathery leaves, ranging from 3 to 6 inches in length, and produce large clusters of tinyflowersin the summer. Members ofIxoraprefer acidic soil, and are suitable choices forbonsai.It is also a popular choice for hedges in parts ofSouth East Asia.In tropical climates, they flower year round and are commonly used inHinduworship, as well as inayurvedaand Indianfolk medicine.
InBrazil,fungal speciesPseudocercospora ixoricolawas found to be causing leaf spots onIxora coccinea.[8]Then in 2018, inTaiwan,during a fungal study, it was found thatplant pathogensofPseudopestalotiopsis ixoraeandPseudopestalotiopsis taiwanensiscaused leaf spots on species ofIxora,which is a popular garden plant in Taiwan.[9]
Selected species
[edit]- Ixora albersiiK.Schum.
- Ixora backeriBremek.
- Ixora beckleriBenth.
- Ixora brevipedunculataFosberg
- Ixora calycinaThwaites
- Ixora chinensisLam.
- Ixora coccineaL.
- Ixora elongataB.Heyne exG.Don
- Ixora euosmiaK.Schum.
- Ixora finlaysonianaWall.exG.Don
- Ixora foliosaHiern
- Ixora johnsoniiHook.f.
- Ixora jucundaThwaites
- Ixora killipiiStandl.
- Ixora lawsoniiGamble
- Ixora malabarica(Dennst.)Mabb.
- Ixora margaretae(N.Hallé) Mouly &B.Bremer
- Ixora marquesensisF.Br.
- Ixora mooreensis(Nadeaud) Fosberg
- Ixora nigericaKeay
- Ixora nigricansR.Br.exWight&Arn.
- Ixora ooumuensisJ.Florence
- Ixora panurensisMüll.Arg.
- Ixora pavettaAndr.
- Ixora peruviana(SpruceexK.Schum.)Standl.
- Ixora pudicaBaker
- Ixora raiateensisJ.W.Moore
- Ixora raivavaensisFosberg
- Ixora rufaMüll.Arg.
- Ixora sauliereiGamble
- Ixora setchelliiFosberg
- Ixora st-johniiFosberg
- Ixora stokesiiF.Br.
- Ixora temehaniensisJ.W.Moore
- Ixora uleiK.Krause
- Ixora umbellataValeton
- Ixora yavitensisSteyerm.
Gallery
[edit]-
Whitish pink Ixora
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Pink orange ixora
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White Ixora
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White Ixora
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Young Ixora seeds
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Ripe Ixora seeds (red ones)
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Red mini Ixora
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Pink mini ixora
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Ixora coccinea
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ixora_fruits
References
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png)
- ^ab"IxoraL., Sp. Pl.: 110 (1753) ".Plants of the World Online.Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2022.Retrieved29 November2022.
- ^"IxoraL. "World Flora Online.The World Flora Online Consortium. 2022.Retrieved1 June2022.
- ^Reynolds, S.T.; Forster, Paul I. (2006)."A taxonomic revision of Ixora L. (Rubiaceae: Ixoroideae) in Australia".Austrobaileya.7(2): 253–278.doi:10.5962/p.299732.ISSN0155-4131.JSTOR41739031.
- ^Don, George(1834). [IxoraA General System of Gardening and Botany: Founded upon Miller's Gardener's Dictionary, and Arranged According to the Natural System]. Vol. 3. London, England, UK: C. J. G. and F. Rivington. p. 570 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
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value (help) - ^Rheede, Hendrik van (1679).Hortus malabaricus. Volume 2.pp. 17–18.
- ^Fosberg, F. R.; Sachet, Marie-Hélène (1989)."Lectotypification of Ixora coccinea L. (Rubiaceae)".Taxon.38(3): 486–489.doi:10.2307/1222302.ISSN0040-0262.JSTOR1222302.
- ^"Cây Trang Thái".Vuoncay(in Vietnamese). 2015.Retrieved17 November2022.
- ^Alves, J.; Barreto, R. (2010). "Pseudocercospora ixoricolacausing leaf spots on Ixora coccinea in Brazil ".Plant Dis.94(2): 278.doi:10.1094/PDIS-94-2-0278C.PMID30754286.
- ^Tsai, Ichen; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Ariyawansa, Hiran A. (May 2018). "Molecular phylogeny, morphology and pathogenicity ofPseudopestalotiopsisspecies onIxorain Taiwan ".Mycological Progress.17(8): 941–952.Bibcode:2018MycPr..17..941T.doi:10.1007/s11557-018-1404-7.S2CID255313328.