János Donát
János Donát | |
|---|---|
 Self-portrait | |
| Born | Johann Daniel Donat 22 December 1744 |
| Died | 11 May 1830(aged 85) |
| Nationality | German Hungarian |
| Alma mater | Academy of Fine Arts Vienna |
| Known for | Painting |
| Movement | Classicism |
| Spouses | Theresia Rössler (died 1802)Susanna Rieger (m.1809) |
János Donát(born asJohann Daniel Donat;December 22, 1744 – May 11, 1830) was aGerman-bornHungarianpainter.
Life[edit]
Early life[edit]
János Donát was born asJohann Daniel DonatinNeuzelle,in theMargraviate of Brandenburgof theKingdom of Prussiaon December 22, 1744. He did his elementary and secondary studies inPrague,Bohemia.Then he went toMarienstern Abbey(today inMühlberg,Germany) where he learnt to draw.[1]
Life in Vienna (1766-1795)[edit]
In 1766 at the age of 22 he applied to study at theAcademy of Fine Arts Viennawhere his masters wereJohann Christian Brand,Joseph Kreutzinger,Martin van Meytens,Caspar Franz Sambach, Josef Fischer andFranz Edmund Weirotterand he received a qualification for historical painting of portraits and landscapes. He was at that time already so talented that Weirotter exhibited two of his pictures in theRedouten Saalein the royal palace, theHofburg.[1]
After finishing his studies he settled in Vienna. As a young painter he became surprisingly successful. His earliest works were three paintings for theAustrian Mint,several life-sized portraits of the royal pair and aristocrats and also some paintings with religious thematic. Unfortunately the most are unknown, but one of them, a life-size portrait ofJoseph IIfrom 1781 can be currently found in the collection of theLouvre Museum.[2]His oldest known painting is from 1774 of an unknown nobleman and it is today inPtuj Castle(Ptuj,Slovenia).[1]The positioning of the model, a slightly pivoting strain and the light-shadow play on the face are all following the traditions of theBaroqueportrait painting. Four years later, in 1778, was the portrait ofMaria Theresain mourning dress completed. It shows the empress, unlike the representative Baroque royal portraits, in natural environment without emperor symbols. She sits with aclassicistvase and a littlePutto-sculpture in her decorated garden on a stone bank heading to the viewers. A typical work of theEnlightenment,free from theBaroquemotions and emotions. Reserved residence[clarification needed]characterizes her. It is a typical topic in the era after the death of her husband,Francis I.
In 1779 the city ofTeschen(todayČeský Těšín,Czech RepublicandCieszyn,Poland) asked him to depict the seven ambassadors of the peace conference closing theSilesian Wars.These paintings are in theMuzeum Śląska CieszyńskiegoinCieszyn.His next important works were the portrait of Putnik Karloviczi Greek metropolitan from 1782, the portrait of the youngMoritz, Prince of Dietrichsteinfrom 1788.[1]
Pest[edit]
After moving toPestin 1810 he painted some of his most noted classicist portraits such asFerenc Kazinczyin 1812 andBenedek Virágin 1815.[3]
He was also noted for his compositions such asResting Venus,Orfeus and Euridike,andProserpinawhich were paintings of mythological creatures painted after English copper engravings.
He died inPestin 1830.
Personal life[edit]
Ferenc Kazinczywas a good friend of Donát's. They corresponded inHungarian.[5]
Donát's first wife was Theresia Rössler (1745–1802).[6]In 1809 Donát married Susanna Rieger (30 August 1784 – 27 September 1849), amulatto40 years younger than him. Kazinczy called her Marie in his letters to Donát. According to Kazinczy, she was the illegitimate daughter of Carl, the prince of Lichtenstein.[7]
Literature[edit]
- Zsuzsanna Bakó - Donát János festő munkássága[8]
References[edit]
- ^abcd[Michael Kunits (1824)]
- ^[Zsuzsanna Bakó - Donát János festő munkássága]
- ^DONÁT, JánosArchived2006-05-11 at theWayback Machine
- ^"Milyen a megújult Kazinczy?".magyarmuzeumok.hu.
- ^[Letters of Kazinczy to Donát nos. 3232, 3283, 3325.]
- ^"Johann Daniel Donat – Wien Geschichte Wiki".wien.gv.at.
- ^[Letters of Kazinczy no. 2355.]
- ^"Archived copy"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2017-10-07.Retrieved2017-10-06.
{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
External links[edit]
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