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Jaguar Land Rover

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Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryAutomotive
Founded18 January 2008;16 years ago(2008-01-18)(as Jaguar Land Rover)
Headquarters
Whitley, Coventry
,
United Kingdom[1]
Key people
Products
Production output
Decrease376,381 (2022)[3]
(Jaguar and Land Rover)
Brands
RevenueIncrease£28.99 billion[4](2024)
Increase£2.16 billion[4](2024)
Increase£2.57 billion[4](2024)
Number of employees
39,787[5](2020)
ParentTata Motors
Subsidiaries
Websitejaguarlandrover

Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLCis the holding company ofJaguar Land Rover,also known asJLR,and is a Britishmultinationalautomobile manufacturerwhich producesluxury vehiclesandSUVand has its head office inWhitley, Coventry,United Kingdom. The principal activity of Jaguar Land Rover is the design, development, manufacture and sale of vehicles bearing theJaguarandLand Rovermarques.

Both marques have long histories prior to their merger – Jaguar going back to the 1930s and Land Rover to the 1940s – first coming together in 1968 as part of theBritish Leylandconglomerate, later again independent of each other, and then as subsidiaries ofBMW(in the case of Land Rover), andFord Motor Company(Jaguar). In 2000,Rover Groupwas broken up by BMW and Land Rover was sold on to Ford Motor Company, becoming part of itsPremier Automotive Group.

Jaguar Land Rover has been a subsidiary ofTata Motorssince they founded it as a holding company for the acquisition of Jaguar Cars and Land Rover from Ford in 2008.

History

[edit]
Former Jaguar Land Rover logo, which simply consisted of the Jaguar and Land Rover logos placed side by side. Used until the introduction of the "JLR" wordmark in 2023.

Both businesses having been part ofBritish Leylandfor parts of their histories until 1984, Jaguar Cars and Land Rover were eventually reunited into the same group by theFord Motor Companyin 2002.[6]Ford had acquired Jaguar Cars in 1989 and then Land Rover from BMW in 2000.[7][8]In 2006, Ford purchased theRover brand namefrom BMW for around £6 million. This reunited the Rover and Land Rover brands for the first time since the Rover group was broken up by BMW in 2000.

On 18 January 2008,Tata Motors,a part of theTata Group,established Jaguar Land Rover Limited as a British-registered and wholly owned subsidiary. The new company was to be used as a holding company for the acquisition from Ford of the two businesses – Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover for US$2.23 billion. That acquisition was completed on 2 June 2008.[9][10]Included in the deal to buy Land Rover and Jaguar Cars were the rights to three other British brands: theDaimler marque,as well as two dormant brandsLanchesterandRover.[11]

On 1 January 2013, the group, which had been operating as two separate companies (Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover), although on an integrated basis, underwent a fundamental restructuring. The parent company was renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC, Jaguar Cars Limited was renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Limited and the assets (excluding certain Chinese interests) of Land Rover were transferred to it. The consequence was that Jaguar Land Rover Limited became responsible in the UK for the design, manufacture and marketing of both Jaguar and Land Rover products.[12]

In addition to the Jaguar and Land Rover marques, JLR also owns the rights to the dormantDaimler,LanchesterandRovermarques. The latter was acquired by Land Rover, whilst still under Ford ownership, from BMW in the aftermath of the collapse ofMG Rover Group;BMW had retained ownership of the marque when it broke upRover Groupin 2000, then licensed it to MG Rover.[9][12]

Investment and expansion

[edit]

In March 2011, Jaguar Land Rover announced that it would hire an additional 1,500 staff at itsHalewood plant,and signed over £2 billion of supply contracts with UK-based companies, to enable production of its newRange Rover Evoquemodel.[13][14]In September 2011, the company confirmed that it would be investing £355 million in the construction of a new engine plant at thei54business park nearWolverhampton,central England, to manufacture a family of four-cylinder petrol and diesel engines.[15][16]In November 2011 Jaguar Land Rover announced that it would be creating 1,000 new jobs at itsSolihull plant,a 25 per cent increase in the size of the workforce at the site.[17][18]

In March 2012, Jaguar Land Rover announced the creation of 1,000 new jobs at its Halewood plant, and a shift to 24-hour production at the plant.[19][20]In the same month, Jaguar Land Rover and the China-based carmakerCheryagreed to invest an initial US$2.78 billion in a new joint venture, the activities of which would include the manufacture of Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles and engines, the establishment of a research and development facility, the creation of a new automobile marque, and sales of vehicles produced by the company.[21][22]Jaguar Land Rover planned to create 4,500 manufacturing and engineering jobs in the UK over the next five years.[23]

In late 2012, the company announced ajoint venturefor Jaguars and Land Rovers to be built in China, now the world's biggest car-market. The agreement was withChery,China's sixth largest auto manufacturer, and called for a new Chinese factory inChangshuto build vehicles starting in 2014. Trial production at the facility began in April 2014, with a potential capacity of 130,000 vehicles annually.[24]The first production model by theChery Jaguar Land Roverventure was the Evoque, with other models planned that also include modifications, such as longer wheelbases, to satisfy Chinese market demand.[25]

In September 2013, Jaguar Land Rover announced an additional 1,700 jobs and £1.5 billion investment at its facility in Solihull. The money was to be spent on designing systems to allow the chassis of future models to be made out of aluminium; the first of these would be a new mid-sized sports saloon car to be introduced in 2015.[26]The same month, the company announced plans to open a £100million research and development centre called theNational Automotive Innovation Campusat theUniversity of Warwick,Coventry to create a new generation of vehicle technologies. Jaguar Land Rover was to invest £50 million in the facility, the university and the UK government.[27]The carmaker said around 1,000 academics and engineers would work there and that construction would start in 2014.[28][29]

Under its chief executive,Ralf Speth,JLR has significantly increased its investment in research and development. In 2013, according to Speth, it invested £3 billion in "product creation" and claimed to be the "biggest R&D investor in the UK in the automotive business".[30]

In 2017 a plant forIngeniumengine production was added to the Chery Jaguar Land Rover facility in China.[31]

On 13 April 2018, Jaguar Land Rover announced that it would be cutting 1,000 temporary contract jobs in theWest Midlands,citing a slump in sales due to uncertainty over changes to taxes on diesel cars andBrexit.[32][33]

In 2019, Jaguar Land Rover purchasedBowler Motors,which became part of its SVO (Special Vehicle Operations) division.[34][35][36][37][38]

Sales

[edit]

In the year ended 31 March 2013, Jaguar Land Rover sold a total of 374,636 units. In 2016, Jaguar Land Rover became the biggest car manufacturer in the UK, producing 489,923 cars and overtakingNissan,the previous leader.[39]

In January 2014, theWall Street Journalreported that Jaguar Land Rover sold a record 425,006 vehicles in 2013 as demand for its luxury vehicles increased in all major markets including in China, North America and Europe.[40]

JLR was struggling by mid-2019 and Tata Motors wrote down its investment in JLR by $3.9 billion. Much of the financial problem was due to a 50% drop in sales in China during 2018, although the situation was improving by autumn 2019. This was confirmed by a third quarter profit of £156million (pre-tax) versus a £395million loss in the second quarter; JLR had also experienced a boost in sales in China of 24%. The new Range Rover Evoque was helpful in boosting profit, with a 54.6% increase in worldwide sales.[41][42]Tata was open to considering a partnership with another company, according to a statement in mid-October, if the partnership agreement would allow Tata to maintain control of the business. The company ruled out the possibility of a sale of JLR to another entity.[43]

Corporate affairs

[edit]

Jaguar Land Rover Automotive is apublic limited companyincorporated under the laws of England and Wales (Company No. 06477691). The immediate parent of Jaguar Land Rover Automotive is TML Holdings,Singaporeand the ultimate parent undertaking and controlling party isTata Motorsof India.[44]The chairman ofTata Group,Ratan Tata,was the chairman and a director of Jaguar Land Rover Automotive from 2008 to December 2012.

Jaguar Land Rover Automotive's principal active subsidiaries are:[45]

  • Jaguar Land Rover Holdings
  • Jaguar Land Rover (designs, manufactures and sellsJaguarandLand Rovervehicles)

Senior leadership

[edit]
Name[44] Position[44] Year appointed[44]
Natarajan Chandrasekaran Chairman 2017
Adrian Mardell Chief Executive Officer 2023 (interim 2022–2023)[46]
Gerry McGovern Chief Creative Officer 2013

List of former chairmen

[edit]
  1. Ratan Tata
  2. Cyrus Mistry

List of former CEOs

[edit]
  1. Sir Ralf Speth(2010–2020)
  2. Thierry Bolloré(2020–2022)[46]

Financial data

[edit]
Year ending Turnover (£M) EBITDA (£M) Net income / (loss) before tax (£M)
31 March 2023[47] 22,809 2,571 (64)
31 March 2022[48] 18,320 1,896 (455)
31 March 2021[49] 19,731 2,531 (861)
31 March 2020[50] 22,984 2,000 (422)
31 March 2019[50] 24,214 1,981 (3,629)
31 March 2018[50] 25,786 2,794 1,512
31 March 2017[50] 24,339 3,000 1,600
31 March 2016[51] 22,208 3,313 1,557
31 March 2015[52] 21,866 4,132 2,614
31 March 2014[53] 19,386 3,393 2,501
31 March 2013[54] 15,785 2,402 1,674
31 March 2012[55] 13,512 2,027 1,479
31 March 2011[44] 9,870.7 1,501.7 1,115
31 March 2010[44] 6,527.2 349.1 51.4
31 March 2009[44] 4,949.5 (83.9) (375.7)

Operations

[edit]
Jaguar Land Rover Halewood,Liverpool

Jaguar Land Rover has six main facilities for research and development, manufacturing and vehicle assembly, of which five are in the UK and one in India.

Jaguar Land Rover has three research and development facilities in the UK:

Vehicle assembly plants:[56][57]

SVO facility

  • Ryton-on-Dunsmore,Warwickshire– where the Special Vehicle Operations development centre was created in 2016. The site was previously used by Rootes for aircraft production plant for World War Two, and later became the Rootes/Chrysler/Peugeotcar plantwhich was closed in 2006 and has since been demolished.

Engine assembly plants

Planned facilities[67][68]

Co-operations

In 2020, Jaguar Land Rover's UK production facilities were halted for the period from March 20 to April 20 due tocoronavirus pandemic.[70]

Products

[edit]

Jaguar Land Rover currently sells vehicles under the Jaguar and Land Rover marques.[71]

NOx emissions ratings

[edit]

In March 2019, Jaguar Land Rover became the first European car producer to submit new cars from its marques toAIR Indexto receive NOx emissions ratings.[72]

AIR Index ratings for JLR cars (Euro 6 allows up to 80 mg/km NOx emission)
Model Year Fuel NOx
measured
(mg/km)		 AIR Index
rating
Jaguar E-Pace HSE 2.0I 180hp 2019 Diesel 14 A
Land Rover Range Rover Evoque TD4 2.0I 180hp 2019 Diesel 17 A
Land Rover Discovery 3.0 TD6 HSE 2018 Diesel 33 A
Land Rover Discovery Sport 2.0I 180hp 2019 Diesel 34 A

Future electrification

[edit]

In September 2017, Jaguar Land Rover announced that all new Jaguar and Land Rover models launched from the 2020 model year will have an all-electric or hybrid powertrain option.[73]In October 2017, JLR announced that its electrification programme will start with theRange Rover Sport P400efor the 2018 model year, a plug-in hybrid model due in the showrooms in late 2017.[74]and be followed by the launch of a plug-in hybridRange Roverdue in 2018 for the 2019 model year.[75]Jaguar Land Rover paid $49.5 million in fines for missing its AmericanCorporate Average Fuel Economytargets over the 2009–13 model years.[76]

At the beginning of June 2019, JLR andBMWannounced that they will collaborate "to develop next generation electric drive units".[77]On 5 July 2019, JLR confirmed that they intended to build anall-electric XJluxury saloon car, at theirCastle Bromwich plant.[78]The car was expected to be launched in 2020.[79]On 15 February 2021, CEO Thierry Bolloré announced that development on the all-electric XJ saloon has been cancelled due to poor sales of saloons in general, as people around the world are preferring crossovers, SUVs, and pickup trucks over saloons, coupes, convertibles, estates, hatchbacks, and compact cars, especially in the Americas, Oceania, Africa, and the Middle East.[citation needed]

In February 2021, JLR announced that the entire Jaguar range will become all-electric for the 2025 model year. The company also stated that it will introduce its first all-electric Land Rover vehicle in 2023 as a 2024 model year. JLR also stated that it will end production and sales of diesel-powered Land Rover vehicles in 2026, with production and sales of petrol-powered Land Rover vehicles ending in 2030. This will lead to Jaguar Land Rover becoming 100% all-electric by the 2030s. CEO Thierry Bolloré clearly stated that this is to help JLR comply with the incoming more stringent emission standards and the phase-out and banning of fossil fuel vehicles by 2030 from Europe, India, China, South Korea, Japan, United States, etc. due to climate change and air pollution. This also comes after the United Kingdom passed legislation in February 2020, that will ban new sales of all fossil fuel vehicles from the UK by 2030. Bolloré also stated that all the upcoming electric vehicles being introduced by JLR and other car manufacturers should also become more mainstream and eventually overtake fossil fuel vehicles.[80][81]

Current Jaguar products

[edit]
Jaguar F-Pace

[71]

Former Jaguar products

[edit]
Jaguar XE Jaguar XF Jaguar F-Type Jaguar E-Pace Jaguar I-Pace

[71]

Current Land Rover products

[edit]
Discovery Discovery Sport Defender Range Rover Range Rover Sport Range Rover Velar Range Rover Evoque

References

[edit]
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