Jean Paulhan
Jean Paulhan | |
|---|---|
 Paulhan in 1938 | |
| Born | 2 December 1884 Nîmes,Gard,France |
| Died | 9 October 1968(aged 83) Paris,France |
| Occupation | Teacher, translator |
| Notable works | The Flowers of Tarbes, or Terror in Literature |
| Partner | Anne Desclos |
| Relatives | Frédéric Paulhan(father) |
Jean Paulhan(2 December 1884 – 9 October 1968) was a French writer, literary critic and publisher, director of the literary magazineNouvelle Revue Française(NRF) from 1925 to 1940 and from 1946 to 1968. He was a member (Seat 6, 1963–68) of theAcadémie française.He was born inNîmes(Gard) and died inParis.
Biography[edit]
Paulhan's father was the philosopherFrédéric Paulhan[1]:11and his mother was Jeanne Thérond. From 1908 to 1910 he worked as a teacher inMadagascar,and he later translated Malagasy poems, orHainteny,into French.[2]
Paulhan's translations attracted the interest ofGuillaume ApollinaireandPaul Éluard.[3]
He served asJacques Rivière's secretary at the NRF, until 1925 when he succeeded him as the journal's editor.[1]:13In 1935 he, Henri Michaux, Giuseppe Ungaretti, Groethuysen and others launched a similar but more luxuriously-produced journalMesures,under the direction ofHenry Church.[4]
One of his most famous works of literary criticism wasThe Flowers of Tarbes, or Terror in Literature(1941), a study of the nature of language in fiction.[5]Paulhan also wrote several autobiographical short stories; English translations of several appeared in the collectionProgress in Love on the Slow Side.[6]During theSecond World War,Paulhan was an early and active member of theFrench Resistance[2]and was arrested by the German Gestapo. After the war he foundedCahiers de la Pléiadeand in 1953 re-launchedLa Nouvelle Revue Française.
Paulhan provoked controversy by opposing independence for Algeria, and supporting the French military during theAlgerian War;[7]this resulted in a rift between Paulhan and his friendMaurice Blanchot.[8]
AuthorAnne Desclosrevealed that she had written the novelStory of Oas a series of love letters to her lover Paulhan,[9]who had admired the work of theMarquis de Sade.
Works[edit]
- Les Hain-Tenys Merinas(Geuthner, 1913, reissued 2007)
- Le Guerrier appliqué(Sansot, 1917; Gallimard 1930, reissued 2006)
- Jacob Cow le Pirate, ou Si les mots sont des signes(1921)
- Le Pont traversé(1921, reissued 2006)
- Expérience du proverbe(1925)
- La Guérison sévère(1925, reissued 2006)
- Sur un défaut de la pensée critique(1929)
- Les Hain-Tenys, poésie obscure(1930)
- Entretien sur des faits-divers(1930, 1945)
- L'Aveuglette(1952)
- Les Fleurs de Tarbes ou La terreur dans les Lettres(1936, 1941)
- Jacques Decour(1943)
- Aytre qui perd l'habitude(1920, 1943, reissued 2006)
- Clef de la poésie, qui permet de distinguer le vrai du faux en toute observation, ou Doctrine touchant la rime, le rythme, le vers, le poète et la poésie(1945)
- F.F. ou Le Critique(Gallimard, 1945; reissued by Éditions Claire Paulhan, 1998)
- Sept causes célèbres(1946)
- La Métromanie, ou Les dessous de la capitale(1946, reissued 2006)
- Braque le Patron(1946)
- Lettre aux membres du C.N.E.(1940)
- Sept nouvelles causes célèbres(1947, reissued 2006)
- Guide d'un petit voyage en Suisse(1947, reissued 2006)
- Dernière lettre(1947)
- Le Berger d’Écosse(1948, reissued 2006)
- Fautrier l'Enragé(1949)
- Petit-Livre-à-déchirer(1949)
- Trois causes célèbres(1950)
- Les Causes célèbres(1950, reissued 2006)
- Lettre au médecin(1950, reissued 2006)
- Les Gardiens(1951, reissued 2006)
- Le Marquis de Sade et sa complice ou Les revanches de la Pudeur(1951)
- Petite préface à toute critique(1951)
- Lettre aux directeurs de la Résistance(1952)
- La Preuve par l'étymologie(1953)
- Les Paroles transparentes, avec des lithographies de Georges Braque(1955)
- Le Clair et l'Obscur(1958)
- G. Braque(1958)
- De mauvais sujets,gravures de Marc Chagall(1958, reissued 2006)
- Karskaya(1959)
- Lettres(1961)
- L'Art informel(1962)
- Fautrier l'enragé(1962)
- Progrès en amour assez lents(1966, reissued 2006)
- Choix de lettres I 1917–1936, La littérature est une fête "(1986)
- "Choix de lettres II 1937-1945, Traité des jours sombres" (1992)
- Choix de lettres III 1946-1968, Le Don des langues(1996)
- La Vie est pleine de choses redoutables(Seghers; reissued by Claire Paulhan, 1990)
- "Lettres de Madagascar, 1907-1910", Éditions Claire Paulhan (2007)
- "Œuvres complètes", edited byBernard Baillaud,Volume I,Gallimard(2006).
References[edit]
- ^abBaillaud, Bernard; Cornick, Martyn (2004)."Jean Paulhan's Influences: The Review Demain".Yale French Studies(106): 11–25.doi:10.2307/3655211.ISSN0044-0078.JSTOR3655211.
- ^abIntellectuals in History: the Nouvelle Revue Française under Jean Paulhan, 1925-1940by Martyn Cornick.Rodopi, 1995
- ^A History of French literature: from chanson de geste to cinemaby David Coward. Wiley-Blackwell, 2003 (pg. 439).
- ^revues litteraires
- ^The Flowers of Tarbes, Or, Terror in Literatureby Jean Paulhan. Translated by Michael Syrotinski. University of Illinois Press, 2006
- ^Progress in Love on the Slow Side (Progrès en amour assez lents): récitsby Jean Paulhan. ContainsMaurice Blanchot's essay on Paulhan, "The Ease of Dying". University of Nebraska Press, 1994.
- ^"Even his (Paulhan's) friends were increasingly unsympathetic to some of his outspoken views towards the end of his life: he was, for example, in favour of Algeria remaining French..." Michael Syrotinski,Defying Gravity: Jean Paulhan's Interventions in Twentieth-Century French Intellectual HistorySUNY Press, 1998.ISBN079143639X,(p.21-22).
- ^"Blanchot indicates that he and Paulhan had fallen out over the Algerian situation in" La facilité de mourir "". Michael Kessler, Christian Sheppard,Mystics: Presence and Aporia.Chicago; University of Chicago Press, 2003.ISBN0226432106(p.202).
- ^I wrote the story of O | By genre | guardian.co.uk Books
Further reading[edit]
- Michael Syrotinski,Defying Gravity: Jean Paulhan's Interventions in Twentieth-Century French Intellectual History(SUNY Press, 1998).
- Anna-Louise Milne,The Extreme In-Between: Jean Paulhan's Place in the Twentieth Century(Oxford: Legenda, 2006)
- Jean Paulhan,On Poetry and Politics.Translated by Jennifer Bajorek, Eric Trudel andCharlotte Mandell(University of Illinois Press, 2008).
- "Protean, Paradoxical Jean Paulhan", by John Taylor, 'Paths to Contemporary French Literature', volume 2, New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, 2007, pp. 237–240.
External links[edit]
- (in French)Les Lettres FrançaisesArchived2010-10-07 at theWayback Machine
- (in French)France Culture, Alain Veinstein reçoit Bernard Baillaud
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| Artists | |
| People | |
| Other | |
- 1884 births
- 1968 deaths
- Writers from Nîmes
- French literary critics
- French military personnel of World War I
- Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour
- Burials at the Cimetière parisien de Bagneux
- Members of the Académie Française
- French male non-fiction writers
- 20th-century French male writers
- Nouvelle Revue Française editors
- French Resistance members