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Jiangxi

Coordinates:27°18′N116°00′E/ 27.3°N 116.0°E/27.3; 116.0
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other places with the same name, seeJiangxi (disambiguation).
Jiangxi
Giang Tây
Province
Province of Jiangxi
Name transcription(s)
•ChineseGiang Tây tỉnh(Jiāngxī Shěng)
•AbbreviationJX /Cống(pinyin:Gàn;Gan Chinese:Kōm)
•GanKongsi
•HakkaPinyimGong1Si1Sen3
Mount Lu
Mount Lu
Map showing the location of Jiangxi Province
Map showing the location of Jiangxi Province
Coordinates:27°18′N116°00′E/ 27.3°N 116.0°E/27.3; 116.0
CountryChina
Named forShort forJiangnanxi Circuit(Giang NamTâyNói)
CapitalNanchang
Largest CityGanzhou
Divisions11prefectures,99counties,1549townships
Government
• TypeProvince
• BodyJiangxi Provincial People's Congress
•CCP SecretaryYin Hong
•CongresschairmanYin Hong
•GovernorYe Jianchun
•CPPCCchairmanvacant
•National People's CongressRepresentation80 deputies
Area
• Total166,919 km2(64,448 sq mi)
• Rank18th
Highest elevation
(Mt. Huanggang)
2,158 m (7,080 ft)
Population
(2020)[1]
• Total45,188,635
• Rank13th
• Density270/km2(700/sq mi)
• Rank16th
Demographics
• Ethnic compositionHan– 99.7%
She– 0.2%
• Languages and dialectsGan,Hakka,Huizhou,Wu,Jianghuai Mandarin
GDP(2023)[2]
• TotalCN¥3,220 billion (15th)
US$457 billion
• Per capitaCN¥ 71,216 (21th)
US$ 10,106
ISO 3166 codeCN-JX
HDI(2019)0.741[3](high) (19th)
WebsiteGian gxi.gov.cn
Jiangxi
"Jiangxi" in Chinese characters
ChineseGiang Tây
GanKong si
PostalKiangsi
Literal meaning"WesternJiang[nan]"

Jiangxi[a]is an inlandprovinceinthe eastof thePeople's Republic of China.Its major cities includeNanchangandJiu gian g.Spanning from the banks of theYangtzeriver in the north into hillier areas in the south and east, it shares a border withAnhuito the north,Zhe gian gto the northeast,Fu gianto the east,Guangdongto the south,Hunanto the west, andHubeito the northwest.[6]

The name "Jiangxi" is derived from thecircuitadministrated under theTang dynastyin 733,Jiangnanxidao.[b]The abbreviation for Jiangxi is "Cống",[c]for theGan Riverwhich runs across from the south to the north and flows into the Yangtze River. Jiangxi is also alternately calledGanpo Dadi[d]which literally means the "Great Land of Gan andPo".

After the fall of the Qing dynasty, Jiangxi became one of the earliest bases for theCommunistsand many peasants were recruited to join the growing people's revolution. TheNanchang Uprisingtook place in Jiangxi on August 1, 1927, during theChinese Civil War.Later the Communist leadership hid in the mountains of southern and western Jiangxi, hiding from the Kuomintang's attempts to eradicate them. In 1931, theChinese Soviet Republic's government was established inRuijin,which is sometimes called the "Former Red Capital",[e]or just the "Red Capital". In 1935, after complete encirclement by the Nationalist forces, the Communists broke through and began theLong MarchtoYan'an.

The southern half of Jiangxi is hilly and mountainous, with ranges and valleys interspersed; notable mountains and mountain ranges includeMount Lu,theJinggang MountainsandMount Sanqing.The northern half is comparatively lower in altitude. TheGan Riverflows through the province.

Although the majority of Jiangxi's population isHan Chinese,Jiangxi is linguistically diverse. It is considered the center ofGan Chinese;Hakka Chinese,is also spoken to some degree. Jiangxi is rich in mineral resources, leading the provinces of China in deposits ofcopper,tungsten,gold,silver,uranium,thorium,tantalum,niobiumandlithium.[8]

History

[edit]
Main article:History of Jiangxi

Jiangxi is centered on theGan Rivervalley, which historically provided the main north–south transport route of south China. The corridor along the Gan River is one of the few easily traveled routes through the otherwise mountainous and rugged terrain of the south-eastern mountains. This open corridor was the primary route for trade and communication between theNorth China Plainand theYangtze Rivervalley in the north and the territory of modernGuangdongprovince in the south. As a result, Jiangxi has been strategically important throughout much of China's history.

Jiangxi was outside the sphere of influence of early Chinese civilization during theShang dynasty(16th to 11th centuries BC). It is likely that peoples collectively known as theBaiyueinhabited the region. During theSpring and Autumn period,the northern part of modern Jiangxi formed the western frontier of the state ofWu.After Wu was conquered by thestate of Yue(a power based in modern northernZhe gian g) in 473 BC, the state ofChu(based in modernHubei) took over northern Jiangxi and there may have been some Yue influence in the south. Chu subjugated Yue in 333 BC. In 223 BC, whenQinconquered Chu, a majority of the Jiangxi area was recorded to be put under Jiu gian g Commandery situated inShouchun(Thọ Xuân).[9]However the commandery was ineffective and ended shortly when Qin falls.

Yuzhang Commandery(Dự chương,Gan: Ì-zong) was established in Jiangxi at the beginning of theHan dynasty,possibly before the death ofXiang Yuin 202 BC, and it's also the very first commandery set up by Chinese dynasty in Jiangxi. It was named after the Yuzhang River (Dự chương giang,Gan: Ì-zong Kong), the original name of Gan River. "Gan" has become the abbreviation of the province. In 201, eight counties were added to the original seven of Qin,[citation needed]and three more were established in later years. Throughout most of the Han dynasty the commandery's eighteen counties covered most of the modern province of Jiangxi. The county seats of Nanchang, Gan, Yudu, Luling among others were located at the sites of modern major cities. Other counties, however, have been moved or abolished in later centuries.

Under the reign ofEmperor Wuof theHan dynasty,Yuzhang Commandery was assigned toYangzhou Province,as part of a trend to establish provinces (zhou) all across China. In 291 AD, during theWestern Jin dynasty,Jiangxi became its ownZhoucalled Jiangzhou (Giang Châu,Gan: Kong-chiu). During theSouthern and Northern Dynasties,Jiangxi was under the control of the southern dynasties, and the number ofzhouslowly grew.

During theSui dynasty,there were sevencommanderiesand twenty-four counties in Jiangxi. During theTang dynasty,another commandery and fourteen counties were added. Commanderies were then abolished, becomingzhou(henceforth translated as "prefectures" rather than "provinces" ).

Circuitswere established during theTang dynastyas a new top-level administrative division. At first Jiangxi was part of theJiangnan Circuit(lit. "Circuit south of the Yangtze" ). In 733, this circuit was divided into western and eastern halves. Jiangxi was found in the western half, which was calledJiangnanxi Circuit(lit. "Western circuits south of the Yangtze" ). This is the source of the modern name "Jiangxi".

TheTang dynastycollapsed in 907, heralding the division of theFive Dynasties and Ten Kingdomsperiod. Jiangxi first belonged toWu(Ngô,Gan: Ng), then toSouthern Tang(Nam đường,Gan: Nām-thóng). Both states were based in modern-dayNanjing,further down theYangtze River.

During theSong dynasty,Jiangnanxi Circuit was reestablished with nine prefectures and four army districts (with sixty-eight districts).

During theYuan dynasty,the circuit was divided into thirteen different circuits, and Jiangxi Province was established for the first time. This province also included the majority of modernGuangdong.Jiangxi acquired (more or less) its modern borders during theMing dynastyafterGuangdongwas separated out. There has been little change to the borders of Jiangxi since.

After the fall of the Qing dynasty, Jiangxi became one of the earliest bases for theCommunistsand many peasants were recruited to join the growing people's revolution. TheNanchang Uprisingtook place in Jiangxi on August 1, 1927, during theChinese Civil War.Later the Communist leadership hid in the mountains of southern and western Jiangxi, hiding from the Kuomintang's attempts to eradicate them. In 1931, theChinese Soviet Republic's government was established inRuijin,which is sometimes called the "Former Red Capital" (Màu đỏ cố đô,Gan: Fūng-set Kū-tu), or just the "Red Capital". In 1935, after complete encirclement by the Nationalist forces, the Communists broke through and began theLong MarchtoYan'an.

From 1930 to 1934, the National Government carried out five military campaigns against the Jiangxi Soviet area. Its brutal two-party battles and cleansing (including the internal cleansing of the Red Army and the cleaning of the post-war government) caused a large number of deaths or escapes, causing the population of Jiangxi to drop by 40%, until only 13.8 million people were left in 1936.

In 1936, after the opening of theYuehan Railwayin Hunan, Jiangxi lost its important position regarding north–south traffic. In 1937, the east-west Zhegan Railway was opened to traffic, which changed the original traffic patterns in Jiangxi to a large extent. The Jiu gian g Port (Cửu Giang cảng) began to decline in importance.

Following theDoolittle RaidduringWorld War II,most of the B-25 American crews that came down in China eventually made it to safety with the help of Chinese civilians and soldiers. The Chinese people who helped them, however, paid dearly for sheltering the Americans. TheImperial Japanese Armybegan theZhe gian g-Jiangxi Campaignto intimidate the Chinese from helping downed American airmen. The Japanese killed an estimated 250,000 civilians of China while searching for Doolittle's men.[10]

Jiangxi came under the full control of the CCP upon the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. The Republican provincial government was evacuated toTaichunginTaiwan Provincebefore dissolving itself that same year.[11]

Geography

[edit]
Jiangxi in 1936
Nanchang City
Xinyu City
Pingxiang City

Mountains surround Jiangxi on three sides, with theMufu Mountains,Jiuling Mountains,andLuoxiao Mountainson the west;Huaiyu MountainsandWuyi Mountainson the east; and theJiulian Mountains(Cửu Liên sơn) andDayu Mountainsin the south. The southern half of the province is hilly with ranges and valleys interspersed; while the northern half is flatter and lower in altitude. The highest point in Jiangxi isMount Huanggang(Hoàng cương sơn) in the Wuyi Mountains, on the border withFu gian.It has an altitude of 2,157 metres (7,077 ft).

TheGan Riverdominates the province, flowing through the entire length of the province from south to north. It entersLake Poyangin the north, the largest freshwater lake of China; that lake in turn empties into theYangtze River,which forms part of the northern border of Jiangxi. Importantreservoirsinclude theXiushui Tuolin Reservoirin the northwest of the province on theXiushui River,and theWan'an Reservoir(zh)in the upper section of the Gan.

Jiangxi has ahumid subtropical climate(Cfaunder theKöppen climate classification), with short, cool, damp winters, and very hot, humid summers. Average temperatures are about 3 to 9 °C (37 to 48 °F) in January and 27 to 30 °C (81 to 86 °F) in July. Annual precipitation is 1,200 to 1,900 millimetres (47 to 75 in), much of it falling in the heavy rains occurring in late spring and summer.

Nanchang,the provincial capital and the most densely populated city, is one of the largest Chinesemetropolises.Nanchang is the hub ofJiangxi civilizationthroughout its history, which plays a leading role in the commercial, intellectual and industrial and political fields.[12]Ganzhouis the largest subdivision of Jiangxi.

Major cities in Jiangxi include:

Administrative divisions

[edit]
Main articles:List of administrative divisions of JiangxiandList of township-level divisions of Jiangxi

Jiangxi is divided into elevenprefecture-level divisions:allprefecture-level cities:

Administrative divisions of Jiangxi
Division code[13] Division Area in km2[14] Population 2020[15] Seat Divisions[16]
Districts Counties CL cities
360000 Jiangxi Province 166,900.00 45,188,635 Nanchangcity 27 61 12
360100 Nanchangcity 7,432.18 6,255,007 Donghu District 6 3
360200 Jingdezhencity 5,256.23 1,618,979 Chang gian g District 2 1 1
360300 Pingxiangcity 3,823.99 1,804,805 Anyuan District 2 3
360400 Jiu gian gcity 18,796.79 4,600,276 Xunyang District 3 7 3
360500 Xinyucity 3,177.68 1,202,499 Yushui District 1 1
360600 Yingtancity 3,556.74 1,154,223 Yuehu District 2 1
360700 Ganzhoucity 39,317.14 8,970,014 Zhanggong District 3 13 2
360800 Ji'ancity 25,283.80 4,469,176 Jizhou District 2 10 1
360900 Yichuncity 18,637.67 5,007,702 Yuanzhou District 1 6 3
361000 Fuzhoucity 18,811.12 3,614,866 Linchuan District 2 9
361100 Shangraocity 22,826.04 6,491,088 Xinzhou District 3 8 1

These prefecture-level cities are in turn subdivided into 100county-level divisions(27districts,12county-level cities,and 61counties). Those in turn are divided into 1566township-level divisions(830towns,560townships,8ethnic townships,and 168subdistricts).

SeeList of administrative divisions of Jiangxifor a complete list ofcounty-level divisions.

Urban areas

[edit]
Population by urban areas of prefecture & county cities
# City Urban area[17] District area[17] City proper[17] Census date
1 Nanchang[f] 2,223,661 2,357,839 5,042,566 2010-11-01
(1) Nanchang(new district)[f] 390,719 795,412 see Nanchang 2010-11-01
2 Pingxiang 716,229 893,550 1,854,515 2010-11-01
3 Jiu gian g[g] 611,321 704,986 4,728,778 2010-11-01
(3) Jiu gian g(new district)[g] 93,035 159,909 see Jiu gian g 2010-11-01
4 Ganzhou[h] 605,231 642,653 8,368,447 2010-11-01
(4) Ganzhou(new districts)[h] 430,680 1,334,600 see Ganzhou 2010-11-01
5 Xinyu 567,820 839,488 1,138,874 2010-11-01
6 Fuzhou[i] 482,940 1,089,888 3,912,307 2010-11-01
(6) Fuzhou(new district)[i] 169,404 438,319 see Fuzhou 2010-11-01
7 Yichun 461,817 1,045,952 5,419,591 2010-11-01
8 Jingdezhen 430,084 473,561 1,587,477 2010-11-01
9 Fengcheng 379,914 1,336,392 see Yichun 2010-11-01
10 Ji'an 328,318 538,699 4,810,339 2010-11-01
11 Shangrao[j] 298,975 416,219 6,579,747 2010-11-01
(11) Shangrao(new district)[j] 392,302 752,953 see Shangrao 2010-11-01
12 Gao'an 295,507 811,633 see Yichun 2010-11-01
13 Leping 286,351 810,353 see Jingdezhen 2010-11-01
14 Ruijin 216,229 618,885 see Ganzhou 2010-11-01
15 Guixi 210,319 558,451 see Yingtan 2010-11-01
16 Yingtan[k] 191,893 214,229 1,125,156 2010-11-01
(16) Yingtan(new district)[k] 131,470 352,476 see Yingtan 2010-11-01
17 Zhangshu 188,586 555,120 see Yichun 2010-11-01
18 Ruichang 150,531 419,047 see Jiu gian g 2010-11-01
19 De xing 148,565 293,201 see Shangrao 2010-11-01
(20) Gongqingcheng[l] 118,986 118,986 see Jiu gian g 2010-11-01
(21) Lushan[m] 101,630 245,526 see Jiu gian g 2010-11-01
22 Jinggangshan 86,673 152,310 see Ji'an 2010-11-01
  1. ^/dʒæŋˈʃiː,dʒiɒŋ-/;[4]Giang Tâyⓘ;formerly romanizedasKiangsiorChianghsi[5]
  2. ^Giang Nam tây đạo;'Circuit of WesternJiangnan'; Gan: Kongnomsitau)[7]
  3. ^pinyin:Gàn;Gan:Gōm
  4. ^Cống bà đại địa
  5. ^Màu đỏ cố đô,Gan: Fūng-set Kū-tu
  6. ^abNew district established after census:Xin gian (Xin gian County).The new district not included in the urban area & district area count of the pre-expanded city.
  7. ^abNew district established after census:Chaisang (Jiu gian g County).The new district not included in the urban area & district area count of the pre-expanded city.
  8. ^abNew districts established after census:Nankang (Nankang CLC),Ganxian (Ganxian County).These new districts not included in the urban area & district area count of the pre-expanded city.
  9. ^abNew district established after census:Dongxiang (Dongxiang County).The new district not included in the urban area & district area count of the pre-expanded city.
  10. ^abNew district established after census:Guangfeng (Guangfeng County).The new district not included in the urban area & district area count of the pre-expanded city.
  11. ^abNew district established after census:Yu gian g (Yu gian g County).The new district not included in the urban area & district area count of the pre-expanded city.
  12. ^Gongqingcheng CLC was established by splitting from parts ofDe'an Countyafter census.
  13. ^Xingzi County is currently known as Lushan CLC after census.
Most populous cities in Jiangxi
Source:China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2018Urban Population and Urban Temporary Population[18]
Rank Pop. Rank Pop.
Nanchang
Nanchang
Ganzhou
Ganzhou 		1 Nanchang 2,824,000 11 Fengcheng 375,400 Fuzhou
Fuzhou
Jiujiang
Jiu gian g
2 Ganzhou 1,790,000 12 Yingtan 305,300
3 Fuzhou 806,800 13 Ruijin 302,500
4 Jiu gian g 774,900 14 Gao'an 268,700
5 Shangrao 752,200 15 Zhangshu 251,700
6 Yichun 700,000 16 Ruichang 220,600
7 Jingdezhen 535,400 17 Leping 172,900
8 Xinyu 485,300 18 Gongqingcheng 149,000
9 Ji'an 483,100 19 Guixi 145,000
10 Pingxiang 454,100 20 De xing 83,300

Politics

[edit]
Main articles:Politics of JiangxiandList of provincial leaders of the People's Republic of China

The Politics of Jiangxi is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.

TheGovernor of Jiangxiis the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Jiangxi. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the JiangxiChinese Communist PartyProvincialCommittee Secretary,colloquially termed the "Jiangxi CCP Party Chief".

Economy

[edit]

Riceis the dominant crop in Jiangxi. Cash crops commonly grown includecottonandrapeseed.Jiangxi is the leadingproducer of kumquatsin China, particularlySuichuan County.[19]

Jiangxi is rich in mineral resources, leading the provinces of China in deposits ofcopper,tungsten,gold,silver,uranium,thorium,tantalum,niobium,among others. Noted centers of mining includeDe xing(copper) andDayu County(tungsten).

It is located in extreme proximity to some of the richest provinces of China (Guangdong,Zhe gian g,Fu gian), which are sometimes blamed for taking away talent and capital from Jiangxi.[20]

Jiangxi has the lowest wages and third lowest property prices in all of China.,[20]As of 2016 Jiangxi's nominal GDP was CNY 1.84 trillion or US$276.48 billion, and a per capita of CNY 40,400 or US$6,082.[21]

Historical GDP of Jiangxi Province for 1978 –present(SNA2008)[21]
(purchasing power parity of Chinese Yuan, asInt'l. dollarbased on IMF WEO October 2017[22])
year GDP GDP per capita (GDPpc)
based on mid-year population 		Reference index
GDPin millions real
growth
(%) 		GDPpc exchange rate
1 foreign currency
to CNY
CNY USD PPP
(Int'l$.) 		CNY USD PPP
(Int'l$.) 		USD 1 Int'l$. 1
(PPP)
2016 1,836,440 276,477 524,562 9.0 40,400 6082 11,540 6.6423 3.5009
2015 1,672,378 268,508 471,159 9.1 36,968 5935 10,415 6.2284 3.5495
2014 1,571,463 255,822 442,616 9.7 34,890 5680 9,827 6.1428 3.5504
2013 1,441,019 232,678 402,868 10.1 32,122 5187 8,980 6.1932 3.5769
2012 1,294,888 205,131 364,675 11.0 28,967 4589 8,158 6.3125 3.5508
2011 1,170,282 181,192 333,842 12.4 26,292 4071 7,500 6.4588 3.5055
2010 945,126 139,615 285,485 14.0 21,368 3156 6,454 6.7695 3.3106
2009 765,518 112,065 242,444 13.2 17,437 2553 5,522 6.8310 3.1575
2008 697,105 100,374 219,436 13.3 15,986 2302 5,032 6.9451 3.1768
2007 580,025 76,279 192,386 13.2 13,389 1761 4,441 7.6040 3.0149
2006 482,053 60,470 167,513 12.3 11,197 1405 3,891 7.9718 2.8777
2005 405,676 49,523 141,894 12.9 9,478 1157 3,315 8.1917 2.8590
2000 200,307 24,196 73,661 8.0 4851 586 1,784 8.2784 2.7193
1995 116,973 14,007 42,857 6.8 2896 347 1,061 8.3510 2.7294
1990 42,862 8,961 25,174 4.5 1134 237 666 4.7832 1.7026
1985 20,789 7,079 14,831 14.8 597 203 426 2.9366 1.4017
1980 11,115 7,418 7,432 4.2 342 228 229 1.4984 1.4955
1978 8,700 5,595 13.3 276 177 1.5550

Economic and technological development zones

[edit]
  • Nanchang Export Processing Zone

Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone is located in Nanchang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, it was approved by the State Council on May 8, 2006, and passed the national acceptance inspection on Sep 7th, 2007. It has a planning area of 1 km2(0.39 sq mi) and now has built 0.31 km2(0.12 sq mi). It enjoys simple and convenient customs clearances, and special preferential policies both for Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone and NCHDZ.[23]

  • Nanchang National High-tech Industrial Development Zone

Nanchang National High-tech Industrial Development Zone (NCHDZ for short hereafter) is the only national grade high-tech zoned in Jiangxi, it was established in Mar. 1991. The zone covers an area of 231 km2(89 sq mi), in which 32 km2(12 sq mi) have been completed. NCHDZ possesses unique nature condition and sound industry foundation of accepting electronics industry. NCHDZ has brought 25% industrial added value and 50% industrial benefit and tax to Nanchang city by using only 0.4% land area.[24]

Demographics

[edit]
She ethnic townships in Jiangxi

The population of Jiangxi is approximately 39.66 million.[29]99.73% of that isHan Chinese,predominantlyGanandHakka.Ganzhou,Jiangxi's largest city, has an especially large number of Hakka. Ethnic minorities includeShe.

Jiangxi andHenanboth have the most unbalanced gender ratios of all Chinese provinces. Based on a 2009British Medical Journalstudy, the ratio is over 140 boys for every 100 girls in the 1–4 age group.[30]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1912[31]23,988,000—
1928[32]20,323,000−15.3%
1936-37[33]15,805,000−22.2%
1947[34]12,507,000−20.9%
1954[35]16,772,865+34.1%
YearPop.±%
1964[36]21,068,019+25.6%
1982[37]33,184,827+57.5%
1990[38]37,710,281+13.6%
2000[39]40,397,598+7.1%
2010[40]44,567,475+10.3%

In 2019 the most-common surname in Jiangxi wasLiú( Lưu ), the only province where this was the case. Overall Liu is the fourth-most common surname in the country.[41]

Religion

[edit]
See also:Christianity in Jiangxi

Religion in Jiangxi[42][note 1]

Chinese folk religion(24.05%)
Christianity(2.31%)
Other religions or not religious people[note 2](73.64%)

The predominant religions in Jiangxi areChinese folk religions,Taoist traditionsandChinese Buddhism.According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 24.05% of the population believes and is involved inancestor veneration,while 2.31% of the population identifies as Christian.[42]

The reports didn't give figures for other types of religion; 73.64% of the population may be either irreligious or involved inworship of nature deities,Buddhism,Confucianism,Taoism,folk religious sects.

Culture

[edit]
Porcelain workshop in Jingdezhen.
Main article:Culture of Jiangxi

Jiangxi is the main area of concentration of theGanvarieties ofChinese,spoken over most of the northern two-thirds of the province. Examples include theNanchang dialect,Yichun dialectandJi'an dialect.The southern one-third of the province speaksHakka.There are alsoMandarin,Huizhou,andWudialects spoken along the northern border.

Ganju(Jiangxi opera) is the type ofChinese operaperformed in Jiangxi.

Although little known outside of the province,Jiangxi cuisineis rich and distinctive. Flavors are some of the strongest in China, with heavy use ofchili peppersand especiallypickledandfermentedproducts.

Jingdezhenis widely regarded as the producer of the bestporcelainin China.[43]

Jiangxi also was a historical center ofChan Buddhism.

Prominent examples ofHakka architecturecan be found in Jiangxi.

Transportation

[edit]

As of January 2015, Jiangxi had twoYangtze River crossings,both in Jiu gian g.

Rail

[edit]

TheBeijing–Kowloon RailwayandShanghai–Kunming Railwaycrisscross the province and intersect at Nanchang, which also has ahigh-speed rail link to Jiu gian g.In addition, Jiangxi is connected by rail to Anhui Province via theAnhui–JiangxiandTongling–Jiu gian g Railways;to Hubei via theWuhan–Jiu gian g Railway;and to Fu gian via theYingtan–Xiamen,Hengfeng–Nanping,Ganzhou–LongyanandXiangtang–Putian Railways.

Tourism

[edit]
The mountain peaks of Mount Lu National Park.

There are several famous mountains in Jiangxi Province, includingMount LuinJiu gian g,Mount jinggang at the border of Jiangxi province and Hunan province, Mount Sanqing in Yushan county.

Near the northern port city ofJiu gian glies the well-known resort area ofMount Lu.Also near the city is theDonglin Temple,an importantBuddhisttemple in china.

Near the small city ofYingtanis the resort area ofLonghushan,which purports to be the birthplace ofTaoismand hence has great symbolic value to Taoists. The region has many temples, cave complexes, mountains and villages.

TheMount Lu National Parkhas been aUNESCOWorld Heritage Sitesince 1996.

Kulinglocated on the top ofMount Luis a summer resort developed by European in the 19th century. There were 3000 European living inKuling,Mount Lu,Jiu gian gin summer time in 1920 s.

In 2007, Jiangxi (specifically theMount Lu West Sea,located inJiu gian g) was the filming location for the fifteenth series of the American TV showSurvivor.

Flora and fauna

[edit]

The mountainous terrain and large forest coverage of Jiangxi has made it historically one of the more wild places of central China.South China tigershave been seen as recently as fifteen or twenty years ago and projects are underway to document evidence of existing tigers, if there are any. Several mountain areas along the northern border with Hunan and Hubei are potential sites for "wilderness" preserves specifically for protecting or even reintroducing tigers.

Other wildlife, though not plentiful, are more numerous in Jiangxi than in many other developed areas of China. Numerous species of birds are common, especially around the marshes of Lake Poyang in the north. Though protected, mammals such asmuntjac,wild boar, civet cats, andpangolins,are still common enough that they'll even occasionally be seen in markets for sale as game meat, or possibly even in a forest.

The latePaleocenemesonychid,Jiangxia chaotoensiswas found in the province, and named after it.

Education

[edit]

Colleges and universities

[edit]
Main article:List of universities and colleges in Jiangxi

List of colleges and universities in Jiangxi:

Sister provinces

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^The data was collected by the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) of 2009 and by the Chinese Spiritual Life Survey (CSLS) of 2007, reported and assembled by Xiuhua Wang (2015)[42]in order to confront the proportion of people identifying with two similar social structures: ① Christian churches, and ② the traditional Chinese religion of the lineage (i. e. people believing and worshipping ancestral deities often organised intolineage "churches"andancestral shrines). Data for other religions with a significant presence in China (deity cults, Buddhism, Taoism, folk religious sects, Islam, et al.) was not reported by Wang.
  2. ^This may include:

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