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Jim Clyburn

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Jim Clyburn
Official portrait, 2019
Member of theU.S. House of Representatives
fromSouth Carolina's6thdistrict
Assumed office
January 3, 1993
Preceded byRobin Tallon
House Assistant Democratic Leader
In office
January 3, 2023 – March 20, 2024
LeaderHakeem Jeffries
Preceded byKatherine Clark
(Assistant Speaker)
Succeeded byJoe Neguse
In office
January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2019
LeaderNancy Pelosi
Preceded byChris Van Hollen
(Assistant to the Leader)
Succeeded byBen Ray Luján
(Assistant Speaker)
House Majority Whip
In office
January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2023
LeaderNancy Pelosi
Preceded bySteve Scalise
Succeeded byTom Emmer
In office
January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011
LeaderNancy Pelosi
Preceded byRoy Blunt
Succeeded byKevin McCarthy
Chair of the House Democratic Caucus
In office
January 16, 2006 – January 3, 2007
LeaderNancy Pelosi
Preceded byBob Menendez
Succeeded byRahm Emanuel
Vice Chair of the House Democratic Caucus
In office
January 3, 2003 – January 16, 2006
LeaderNancy Pelosi
Preceded byBob Menendez
Succeeded byJohn B. Larson
Personal details
Born
James Enos Clyburn

(1940-07-21)July 21, 1940(age 83)
Sumter, South Carolina,U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse
Emily England
​
​
(m.1961; died 2019)​
Children3, includingMignonandJennifer
EducationSouth Carolina State University(BA)
AwardsPresidential Medal of Freedom(2024)
WebsiteHouse website
Clyburn's voice
Clyburn on the death of civil rights leaderDorothy Height
Recorded April 21, 2010

James Enos Clyburn(born July 21, 1940) is an American politician serving as theU.S. representativeforSouth Carolina's 6th congressional district.First elected in1992,Clyburn's congressional district includes most of the majority-black precincts in and aroundColumbiaandCharleston,as well as most of the majority-black areas outsideBeaufortand nearly all of South Carolina's share of theBlack Belt.SinceJoe Cunningham's departure in 2021, Clyburn has been the only Democrat inSouth Carolina's congressional delegation.

Clyburn served as the third-ranking House Democrat, behindNancy PelosiandSteny Hoyer,from 2007 until 2023, serving as majority whip behind Pelosi and Hoyer during periods of Democratic House control, and as assistant Democratic leader behind Pelosi and Hoyer during periods of Republican control. He wasHouse Majority Whipfrom 2007 to 2011 and again from 2019 to 2023 and alsoHouse assistant Democratic leaderfrom 2011 to 2019 and again from 2023 to 2024.[1]After the Democrats took control of the House in the2018 midterm elections,Clyburn was reelected majority whip in January 2019 at the opening of the116th Congress,alongside the reelected Speaker Pelosi and Majority Leader Hoyer, marking the second time the trio has served in these roles together.

In the2022 midterm elections,Republicans gained control of the House, and Pelosi announced herretirementas leader of the House Democratic Caucus. On the same day, Hoyer announced he would not seek his leadership position. Clyburn announced that he would seek the House Assistant Democratic Leader position, rather than that of Democratic Whip.[2][3]

Clyburn played a pivotal role in the2020 presidential electionby endorsingJoe Bidenthree days before theSouth Carolina Democratic primary.His endorsement came at a time when Biden's campaign had suffered three disappointing finishes in theIowaandNevada caucusesand theNew Hampshire primary.Biden's South Carolina win three days beforeSuper Tuesdaytransformed his campaign; the momentum led him to capture the Democratic nomination and later the presidency.

Early life and education[edit]

Clyburn was born inSumter, South Carolina,the son of Enos Lloyd Clyburn, afundamentalistminister,and his wife, Almeta (née Dizzley), a beautician.[4][5]A distant relative of his wasGeorge W. Murray,an organizer for theColored Farmers Alliance(CFA), who was aRepublicanSouth Carolina Congressman in the 53rd and 54th U.S. Congresses in the late 19th century.[6]He and other black politicians strongly opposed the 1895 state constitution, which essentiallydisenfranchisedmost African-American citizens, a situation the state maintained for more than half a century until federal civil rights legislation passed in the mid-1960s.

Clyburn graduated from Mather Academy (later namedBoylan-Haven-Mather Academy) inCamden, South Carolina,then attended South Carolina State College (nowSouth Carolina State University), ahistorically black collegeinOrangeburg.He joined theOmega Psi Phifraternity and graduated with abachelor's degreein history.

For his first full-time position after college, Clyburn taught at C.A. Brown High School inCharleston.

Early political career[edit]

Clyburn became involved in politics during the1969 Charleston hospital strike.[7]After assisting the settlement of the protests at theMedical University of South Carolina,he became involved inSt. Julian Devine's campaign for a seat on the Charleston city council in 1969. Clyburn came up with the campaign's slogan, "Devine for Ward Nine". When Devine won the race, he became the first African American to hold a seat on the city council sinceReconstruction.Clyburn later credited that campaign as the reason he got into electoral politics.[8]

After an unsuccessful run for theSouth Carolina General Assembly,Clyburn moved toColumbiato join the staff ofGovernorJohn C. Westin 1971. West called Clyburn and offered him a job as his advisor after reading Clyburn's response to his loss in the newspaper. After West appointed Clyburn as his advisor, Clyburn became the first nonwhite advisor to a governor in South Carolina history.

In the aftermath of the 1968Orangeburg massacre,when police killed three protesting students at South Carolina State, West appointed Clyburn as the state's human affairs commissioner.[9]He served in this position until 1992, when he stepped down to run for Congress. The Orangeburg massacre and civil-rights protest predated the1970 Kent State shootingsand1970 Jackson State killings,in which the National Guard at Kent State, and police and state highway patrol at Jackson State, killed student protesters demonstrating against the U.S. invasion of Cambodia during the Vietnam War.[10]

U.S. House of Representatives[edit]

Elections[edit]

See also:2008 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina § District 6,and2010 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina § District 6

After the 1990 census South Carolina's district lines were redrawn. Due to prior racial discrimination before theVoting Rights Act of 1965,theSupreme Courtrequired the 6th district, which had previously included the northeastern portion of the state, to be redrawn as ablack-majority district.The 6th was reconfigured to take in most of the majority-black areas near Columbia and Charleston, as well as most of the Black Belt. Five-term incumbentRobin Tallon's home inFlorencestayed in the district, but he chose to retire. Five candidates, all of whom were African American, ran for the Democratic nomination for the seat. Clyburn's campaign was led by NAACP activistIsaac W. Williams.[11]

Clyburn won 55% of the vote in the primary, eliminating the need for a runoff. As expected, he won the generalelection in Novemberhandily, becoming the first Democrat to represent a significant portion of Columbia since 1965 and the first Democrat to represent a significant portion of Charleston since 1981. He was the first African-American to represent South Carolina in Congress sinceGeorge W. Murrayin 1893.[12]He has been reelected 15 times with no substantiveRepublicanopposition.

For his first 10 terms, Clyburn represented a district that stretched from thePee Deethrough most of South Carolina's share of the Black Belt, but swept west to include most of the majority-black precincts in and around Columbia and south to include most of the majority-black precincts in and around Charleston. After the 2010 census, the district was pushed well to the south, losing its portion of the Pee Dee while picking up almost all of the majority-black precincts near Beaufort andHilton Head Island(though not taking in any of Beaufort or Hilton Head themselves). The reconfigured 6th was no less Democratic than its predecessor. In all its incarnations as a black-majority district, it has been dominated by black voters in the Columbia and Charleston areas, and for much of that time has been the only safe Democratic district in the state.

In 2008, Clyburn defeated Nancy Harrelson, 68% to 32%.[13]In 2010, he defeated Jim Pratt, 65% to 34%.[14]In 2012, Clyburn defeated Anthony Culler, 73% to 25%.[15]

In March 2024, Clyburn announced his run for re-election.[16]His Republican opponents, Duke Buckner and Justin Scott, will compete in their June Primary.[17]Gregg Marcel Dixon, who ran against Clyburn as a Democrat in 2022,[18]switched to theUnited Citizens Partyfor his 2024 run for the seat.[19]Alliance Partycandidate Joseph Oddo andLibertariancandidate Michael Simpson have also filed for the seat.[20]

South Carolina Redistricting[edit]

In 2023,ProPublicareported that Clyburn secretly worked with South Carolina Republicans during the2020 Congressional redistricting processto dilute the state's Black vote.[21]Theresulting Congressional mapmade Democrats "have virtually no shot of winning any congressional seat in South Carolina other than Clyburn’s."[21]TheNAACP,in 2022, challenged the South Carolina's redistricting as an unconstitutional racial gerrymander, alleging that Republicans deliberately moved Black voters into Clyburn’s district to solidify Republican control overa neighboring swing district.[22]A spokesperson for Clyburn denied "any accusation that Congressman Clyburn in any way enabled or facilitated Republican gerrymandering."[21]The NAACP case, filed asAlexander v. South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP,was argued on October 11, 2023, in theSupreme Courtand a ruling will be made during the 2023–24 term.[23][24][25]

Tenure[edit]

Party leadership[edit]

Clyburn with PresidentBarack Obamaas he meets with House leaders

Clyburn was electedvice-chairman of the House Democratic Caucusin 2003, the caucus's third-ranking post.[citation needed]He became chair of the House Democratic Caucus in early 2006 after caucus chairBob Menendezwas appointed to theSenate.After the Democrats won control of the House in the2006 election,Clyburn was unanimously elected Majority Whip in the110th Congress.[citation needed]

Clyburn would have faced a challenge fromDemocratic Congressional Campaign CommitteechairRahm Emanuel,but Speaker-electNancy Pelosipersuaded Emanuel to run forDemocratic Caucus chair.[26]Clyburn was interviewed byNational Public Radio'sMorning Editionon January 12, 2007, and acknowledged the difficulty of counting votes and rallying the fractious Democratic caucus while his party held the House majority.[citation needed]

In the2010 elections,the Democrats lost their House majority. Pelosi ran for Minority Leader in order to remain the House party leader, while Clyburn announced that he would challengeSteny Hoyer,the second-ranking House Democrat and outgoing Majority Leader, for Minority Whip. Clyburn had the support of theCongressional Black Caucus,which wanted to keep an African-American in the House leadership, while Hoyer had 35 public endorsements, including three standing committee chairs. On November 13, Pelosi announced a deal whereby Hoyer would remain Minority Whip, while a "number three" leadership position styledAssistant Leaderwould be created for Clyburn.[27]The exact responsibilities of Clyburn's assistant leader office were unclear, though it was said to replace theAssistant to the Leaderpost previously held byChris Van Hollen,who had attended all leadership meetings but was not in the leadership hierarchy.[28][29]

On November 28, 2018, Clyburn was elected to serve his second stint asHouse Majority Whip.[30][31]

Ideology

Clyburn is regarded as liberal in his political stances, actions and votes. In 2007 theNational Journalranked him the 77th most liberal U.S. representative, with a score of 81, indicating that the conductors of this study found his voting record to be more liberal than 81% of other House members, based on their recent voting records.[32]

Clyburn has established liberal stances on health care, education,organized laborand environmental conservation issues, based on his legislative actions as well as evaluations and ratings by pertinent interest groups.[33]

Healthcare

In 2009, Clyburn introduced the Access for All Americans Act. The $26 billion sought by the Act would provide funding to quadruple the number of community health centers in the US that provide medical care to uninsured and low-income citizens.[34]

TheAmerican Public Health Association,theAmerican Academy of Family Physicians,The Children’s Health Fund, and other health care interest groups rate Clyburn highly based on his voting record on pertinent issues. Other groups in this field, such as theAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists,gave Clyburn a rating of zero in 2014.[35]

Despite his opposition topartial-birth abortion,Clyburn is regarded aspro-abortion rights,as shown by his high ratings fromPlanned ParenthoodandNARAL Pro-Choice Americaand low rating from theNational Right to Life Committee.[36]But at the height of national polarization after theSupreme Court'sintention to overturnRoe v. Wadehad beenleaked,Clyburn controversially campaigned on behalf of anti-abortion incumbent RepresentativeHenry Cuellar,who faced a pro-choiceprimarychallenger.[37]

Education
Clyburn (left) atSouth Carolina State Universitywith PresidentJoe Biden.

Clyburn has continuously sought new and additional funding for education. He has gained additional funding for special education[38]and lower interest rates on federal student loans.[39]In many sessions Clyburn has sought, sponsored and/or voted for improvements inPell Grantfunding for college loans.[40]

TheNational Education Associationand the National Association of Elementary School Principals rate Clyburn very highly, as do other education interest groups.[41]

Ports

Although he was criticized for a previous expenditure of 160 million dollars to expand South Carolina's ports, Clyburn said he would continue to make funding available for further expansions. The plan is to deepen the ports to allow for larger commercial ships to arrive from the Panama Canal, which is being expanded to allow for larger ships to pass through. This is primarily because of larger commercial ships from China, and China's extremely high demand for soybeans, which are produced in South Carolina but must be sent to larger ports for exporting. This measure will benefit South Carolina business and farmers and is thus heavily backed by these groups.[42]

Labor

Clyburn has consistently voted for increases inminimum wageincome and to restrict employer interference with labor union organization.[43]

Many national labor unions, including theAFL–CIO,theUnited Auto Workers,the Communication Workers Association, and theInternational Brotherhood of Boilermakers,give Clyburn outstanding ratings based on his voting record on issues that pertain to labor and employment.[44]

Environment
Clyburn with Nancy Pelosi and U2 lead singerBonoin 2006

Clyburn has opposed legislation to increaseoffshore drillingforoilor natural gas. Instead, he has promoted use ofnuclear energyas an cheaper alternative tofossil fuelsthanwindandsolar energy.[45]Members of the nuclear power industry have said that there is mutual respect between Clyburn and themselves.[46]Clyburn pushed for a 2010 contract to convert plutonium from old weapons into nuclear fuel.[46][47]

Organizations such as theLeague of Conservation VotersandDefenders of Wildlifehave viewed Clyburn favorably,[48]but he angered environmentalists when he proposed building a $150 million bridge across a swampy area of Lake Marion in Calhoun County.

Objection to the 2004 presidential election

Clyburn was one of 31 House Democrats who voted not to count Ohio's 20electoral votesin the2004 presidential election.[49]George W. Bushwon Ohio by 118,457 votes.[50]Without Ohio's electoral votes, the election would have been decided by the U.S. House of Representatives, with each state having one vote in accordance with theTwelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

War in Iraq

On July 31, 2007, Clyburn said in a broadcast interview that it would be a "real big problem" for the Democratic Party if GeneralDavid Petraeusissued a positive report in September, as it would split the Democratic caucus on whether to continue to fund theIraq War.While this soundbite caused some controversy, the full quote was, in reference to the 47-memberBlue Dog caucus,"I think there would be enough support in that group to want to stay the course and if theRepublicanswere to stay united as they have been, then it would be a problem for us. "[51]

Bill Clinton comments

Clyburn was officially neutral during the 2008 primary battle betweenHillary ClintonandBarack Obama,but former PresidentBill Clintonblamed Clyburn for Hillary's 29-point defeat in the South Carolina primary and the two of them had a heated telephone conversation. Clyburn had voted for Obama, saying, "How could I ever look in the faces of our children and grandchildren had I not voted for Barack Obama?"[52]He negatively viewedBill Clinton's remarks about Obama winning the South Carolina primary. Clinton had compared Obama's victory toJesse Jackson's win in the1988 primary.[53]"Black people are incensed all over this", Clyburn said. Clinton responded that the campaign "played therace cardon me ", denying any racial tone in the comment.[54]Speaking toThe New York Times,Clyburn said such actions could lead to a longtime division between Clinton and his once most reliable constituency. "When he was going through hisimpeachment problems,it was the black community that bellied up to the bar ", Clyburn said." I think black folks feel strongly that this is a strange way for President Clinton to show his appreciation. "[53]

Impeachments of Bill Clinton and Donald Trump

On December 19, 1998, Clyburn voted against all four articles of impeachment against President Bill Clinton. On December 18, 2019, Clyburn voted for both articles of impeachment against PresidentDonald Trump.[55]On January 13, 2021, one week after theJanuary 6 United States Capitol attack,Clyburn voted for the single article of impeachment against Trump.

Committee assignments[edit]

On April 2, 2020, Pelosi announced that Clyburn would chair theHouse Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis.[56]

Caucus memberships[edit]

Presidential endorsements[edit]

Clyburn with Biden in 2022

Clyburn is considered apower brokerin South Carolina.[60][61]For almost 30 years, he has hosted an annualfish fry"that every four years becomes a must-attend event for presidential hopefuls."[62][63]

During the2004 Democratic presidential primaries,Clyburn supported former House Minority LeaderDick Gephardtuntil he dropped out of the race and then supportedJohn Kerry.Clyburn was one of the 31 who voted in the House not to count Ohio'selectoral votesin the2004 presidential electionamid adisputeover irregularities.[64]

Like other Democratic congressional leaders, Clyburn remained publicly uncommitted throughout most of the 2008 presidential primary elections. Despite being officially neutral, Clyburn voted for Obama in the South Carolina primary. Former PresidentBill Clintonaccused Clyburn of being responsible for Hillary's 29-point defeat in South Carolina, while Clyburn criticized Bill Clinton's comments on race comparing Obama's win to that ofJesse Jackson.[52][65]Clyburn endorsed Obama on June 3, immediately before theMontanaandSouth Dakotaprimaries. By that time, Obama's lead in pledged delegates was substantial enough that those two primaries could not undo it.[66][67]

Clyburn endorsedHillary Clintonin the2016 presidential campaign.[68]

Clyburn's endorsement ofJoe Bidenon February 26, 2020, three days before theSouth Carolina primary,was considered pivotal in the2020 Democratic presidential primaries.Several analyses have determined the endorsement changed the trajectory of the race, due to Clyburn's influence over the state's African-Americans, who make up the majority of its Democratic electorate. Until Clyburn's endorsement, Biden had not won a single primary and had placed fourth, fifth, and a distant second in theIowa,New Hampshire,andNevadacaucuses and primaries, respectively. Three days after the South Carolina primary, Biden took a delegate lead onSuper Tuesday,and a month later he clinched the nomination.[69][70][71]Biden went on to win the2020 Presidential election.

Political positions[edit]

Clyburn identifies as aprogressive,[72]but thinks the Democratic Party's moreliberalwing should be "practical". Various progressives have called him "conservative" and "centrist".[73][74]

Israel[edit]

In January 2017, Clyburn voted against a House resolution condemning theUN Security Council Resolution 2334,which calledIsraeli settlement buildingin the occupiedPalestinian territoriesin theWest Banka "flagrant violation" of international law and a major obstacle to peace.[75][76]He voted to provide Israel with support following2023 Hamas attack on Israel[77][78]

Homosexuality and same-sex marriage[edit]

In 1996, Clyburn voted in favor of theDefense of Marriage Act,which at the time passed with majority Democratic support and near-unanimous Republican support.[79]The act restricted federal recognition of marriage to the union of a man and a woman, and explicitly granted states the power to ban same-sex marriage and refuse to acknowledge same-sex marriages granted under the laws of other states.[80]TheHouse Judiciary Committeehad explicitly said the act was meant to "express moral disapproval of homosexuality".[81]The act passed by an 85-vote majority in the Senate and was signed into law byPresident Bill Clinton.[79]

In 2012, after Obama's public endorsement of same-sex marriage,[82]amid shifting public opinion of same-sex marriage, Clyburn said in an interview that he too supported marriage equality.[83]In the interview, he said his former disapproval of same-sex marriage was rooted in his Christian faith, but that he had since "evolved". Clyburn called for nationwide legislation of marriage equality, opposing Obama's state-by-state approach, saying, "if you consider this to be a civil right—and I do—I don't think civil rights ought to be left up to a state-by-state approach".[83]

During the2020 Democratic presidential primaries,when considering an endorsement, Clyburn citedPete Buttigieg's sexual orientation as an issue, saying it was "no question" that his sexuality would hurt his popularity and that "[he] knew a lot of people [his] age that felt that way."[84]Clyburn added, "I'm not going to sit here and tell you otherwise, because I think everybody knows that's an issue."[85]In the wake of his comments, then-candidateKamala Harrisdismissed his comments as "nonsense" and "a trope" of the African American community,[86]but the Benson Strategy Group reported that "being gay was a barrier for these voters, particularly for the men who seemed uncomfortable discussing it."[86]

Personal life[edit]

Clyburn with his daughterMignonin 2013

Clyburn was married to librarian Emily England Clyburn from 1961 until her death in 2019,[87]making him awidower.They had three daughters; their eldest,Mignon Clyburn,was appointed to theFederal Communications Commissionby President Barack Obama,[88]and their second daughter,Jennifer Clyburn Reed,was appointed as federal co-chair of the newly formedSoutheast Crescent Regional Commission.[89]Their third daughter, Angela Clyburn, is Political Director for theSouth Carolina Democratic Party[90]and a member of Richland County District One School Board.[91]In 2024, Clyburn was awarded thePresidential Medal of Freedomby PresidentJoe Biden.[92]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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  70. ^Strauss, Daniel (March 4, 2020)."'A chain reaction': how one endorsement set Joe Biden's surge in motion ".The Guardian.RetrievedApril 2,2020.
  71. ^Owens, Donna M. (April 1, 2020)."Jim Clyburn changed everything for Joe Biden's campaign. He's been a political force for a long time".The Washington Post.RetrievedSeptember 20,2023.
  72. ^"Why South Carolina's James Clyburn Is Endorsing Biden | FiveThirtyEight".YouTube.February 26, 2020.
  73. ^Rosen, James (December 14, 2013)."Rep. Clyburn too conservative? Signs of emerging Democratic divide".McClatchy Washington Bureau.RetrievedJuly 2,2021.
  74. ^Choi, Joseph (November 8, 2020)."Clyburn responds to Ocasio-Cortez remarks: 'I don't get hung up on labels'".The Hill.RetrievedJuly 2,2021.
  75. ^Marcos, Cristina (January 5, 2017)."House votes to rebuke UN on Israeli settlement resolution".The Hill.RetrievedSeptember 20,2023.
  76. ^"AAI Thanks 80 Representatives For Standing Against Illegal Israeli Settlements".Arab American Institute. Archived fromthe originalon July 13, 2019.RetrievedFebruary 12,2019.
  77. ^Demir gian, Karoun (October 25, 2023)."House Declares Solidarity With Israel in First Legislation Under New Speaker".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.RetrievedOctober 30,2023.
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  80. ^"Summary of H.R. 3396 (104th): Defense of Marriage Act".GovTrack.us.RetrievedFebruary 7,2021.
  81. ^"Lawmakers' 'moral disapproval' of gay people in 1996 could doom DOMA law in Supreme Court".news.yahoo.RetrievedFebruary 7,2021.
  82. ^Phil Gast (May 9, 2012)."Obama announces he supports same-sex marriage".CNN Digital.RetrievedFebruary 7,2021.
  83. ^abSands, Geneva (May 14, 2012)."Clyburn splits with Obama, says gay marriage should not be left up to states".TheHill.RetrievedFebruary 7,2021.
  84. ^Tripp, Drew (November 4, 2019)."Clyburn says Pete Buttigieg being gay is an issue for older black voters".WCIV.RetrievedJanuary 17,2021.
  85. ^Scott, Eugene."Analysis | Buttigieg's campaign says it doesn't think homophobia is why he can't get a foothold with black voters".Washington Post.ISSN0190-8286.RetrievedJanuary 17,2021.
  86. ^abDugyala, Rishika."'Just nonsense': Kamala Harris calls narrative that black voters are homophobic a trope ".POLITICO.RetrievedJanuary 17,2021.
  87. ^Bresnahan, John (September 19, 2019)."House Majority Whip Jim Clyburn's wife dies at 80".Politico.RetrievedSeptember 19,2019.
  88. ^Schatz, Amy(April 29, 2009)."Mignon Clyburn Nominated to FCC".The Wall Street Journal.RetrievedAugust 27,2009.
  89. ^Boyer, Dave (August 4, 2021)."Biden nominates Clyburn's daughter to federal commission on poverty".The Washington Times.RetrievedAugust 16,2022.
  90. ^"SCDP Headquarters Staff".South Carolina Democratic Party.2023.RetrievedOctober 6,2023.
  91. ^"From the Board of School Commissioners".Richland One School District.2023.RetrievedOctober 6,2023.
  92. ^"President Biden Announces Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom".The White House. May 3, 2024.RetrievedMay 3,2024.

Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

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U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of theU.S. House of Representatives
fromSouth Carolina's 6th congressional district
1993–present 		Incumbent
Preceded by Chair of theCongressional Black Caucus
1999–2001 		Succeeded by
Preceded by House Majority Whip
2007–2011 		Succeeded by
Preceded by House Majority Whip
2019–2023 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Vice Chair of the House Democratic Caucus
2003–2006 		Succeeded by
Chair of the House Democratic Caucus
2006–2007 		Succeeded by
Preceded byas House Democratic Assistant to the Leader House Assistant Democratic Leader
2011–2019 		Succeeded byas Assistant Speaker of the House of Representatives
Preceded byas Assistant Speaker of the House of Representatives House Assistant Democratic Leader
2023–2024 		Succeeded by
U.S. order of precedence(ceremonial)
Preceded by United States representatives by seniority
13th 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim_Clyburn&oldid=1232422949"