Jinning, Kunming
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Jinning
Tấn ninh khu | |
|---|---|
 Kunyang Town in Jinning | |
 Location of Jinning (red) and Kunming City (pink) in Yunnan province | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Yunnan |
| Prefecture | Kunming Prefecture |
| Established | 1956 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,230.86 km2(475.24 sq mi) |
| Population (2003) | |
| • Total | 270,000 |
| • Density | 220/km2(570/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8(CST) |
| Postal code | 650600 |
| Area code | 0871 |
| Website | http:// jinning.gov.cn/ |
Jinning District(simplified Chinese:Tấn ninh khu;traditional Chinese:Tấn ninh khu;pinyin:Jìnníng Qū) is one of sevendistrictsof theprefecture-level cityofKunming,the capital ofYunnan Province,Southwest China.The formation of the district was approved on November 24, 2016, after the dissolution of the formerJinning County(Tấn ninh huyện) by theState Council.[1]It is located at the southern tip ofDian Lakeand is well known within China as the birthplace ofZheng He.
Nature
[edit]The southwestern "panhandle" of Jinning District (Xiyang Township,Hoàng hôn hương) contains two caves (Yanzi and Shitou) known for their bat population. Starting from the early 2010s, researchers from theWuhan Institute of VirologyandEcoHealth Alliancecarried out studies of viruses carried by those bats, discovering some that were fairly close to theSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.A 2018 study found antibodies to some of these bat viruses in the blood of a few villagers residing near the bat caves as well, indicating that some of them may have been exposed to bat coronaviruses.[2][3]
History
[edit]In 303 CE, during theJin dynasty,Li Xiubecame commander of the area after the abrupt death of her father, defeating a local rebellion after lasting a seven-year siege.[4]
Administrative divisions
[edit]Kunyang Town,Jincheng Town and Baofeng Town, Erjie Village, Shuanghe Yi Nationality Village,Xiyang Yi Nationality Village,Shangsuan Village, Xinjie Village and Lujie Village
Ethnic groups
[edit]According to theKunming City Almanac(1997:476),ethnic Haniare found in Gaoliangdi (Cao lương mà)[5]and Xiyang (Hoàng hôn)[6]ofXiyang Yi Ethnic Township(Hoàng hôn hương), Jinning County.
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Jinning, elevation 1,979 m (6,493 ft), (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 16.4 (61.5) |
18.7 (65.7) |
22.0 (71.6) |
24.7 (76.5) |
25.5 (77.9) |
25.4 (77.7) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.7 (76.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
21.2 (70.2) |
18.7 (65.7) |
16.1 (61.0) |
21.8 (71.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 9.1 (48.4) |
11.3 (52.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
17.6 (63.7) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.4 (68.7) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.7 (67.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
15.8 (60.4) |
12.2 (54.0) |
9.2 (48.6) |
15.6 (60.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.1 (39.4) |
5.7 (42.3) |
8.8 (47.8) |
11.8 (53.2) |
14.7 (58.5) |
16.9 (62.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.5 (61.7) |
14.9 (58.8) |
12.5 (54.5) |
7.9 (46.2) |
4.7 (40.5) |
11.3 (52.3) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 24.6 (0.97) |
13.0 (0.51) |
18.6 (0.73) |
28.6 (1.13) |
75.2 (2.96) |
147.4 (5.80) |
185.1 (7.29) |
159.2 (6.27) |
99.6 (3.92) |
73.5 (2.89) |
32.3 (1.27) |
14.4 (0.57) |
871.5 (34.31) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.7 | 3.9 | 5.0 | 7.1 | 11.1 | 15.6 | 20.4 | 19.0 | 13.9 | 12.2 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 122.8 |
| Average snowy days | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 1.7 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 68 | 60 | 54 | 56 | 65 | 77 | 82 | 82 | 81 | 81 | 77 | 75 | 72 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 229.3 | 234.8 | 265.3 | 263.1 | 226.9 | 158.7 | 133.1 | 148.7 | 136.6 | 155.0 | 202.5 | 205.9 | 2,359.9 |
| Percentpossible sunshine | 68 | 73 | 71 | 69 | 55 | 39 | 32 | 37 | 37 | 44 | 62 | 63 | 54 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[7][8] | |||||||||||||
Transport
[edit]Social issues
[edit]In October 2014, Fuyou village (Chinese:Giàu có thôn) was the scene of a violent clash between construction workers and villagers, leading to the deaths of eight people. The residents had been unhappy about a land deal related to the building of a trade and logistics centre.[9][10]
Monuments
[edit]
The Shizhaishan Tombs (Shizhaishan gumuqun thạch trại sơn cổ mộ đàn ), and the grave of Ma station Hazhi (Ma Hazhi mubei mã ha chỉ mộ bia ) in the greater community Kunyang, the father of Zheng He, are since 2001 and 2006 respectively on the list the monuments of the People's Republic of China.
References
[edit]- ^Tấn ninh khu lịch sử duyên cách(in Simplified Chinese). xzqh.org. 2016-12-02.Retrieved2019-07-19.
- ^Wang, Ning; Li, Shi-Yue; Yang, Xing-Lou; Huang, Hui-Min; Zhang, Yu-Ji; Guo, Hua; Luo, Chu-Ming; Miller, Maureen; Zhu, Guang gian; Chmura, Aleksei A.; Hagan, Emily; Zhou, Ji-Hua; Zhang, Yun-Zhi; Wang, Lin-Fa; Daszak, Peter; Shi, Zheng-Li (2018-03-02)."Serological Evidence of Bat SARS-Related Coronavirus Infection in Humans, China".Virologica Sinica.33(1): 104–107.doi:10.1007/s12250-018-0012-7.ISSN1674-0769.PMC6178078.PMID29500691.
- ^Ge, Xing-Yi; Li, Jia-Lu; Yang, Xing-Lou; Chmura, Aleksei A.; Zhu, Guang gian; Epstein, Jonathan H.; Mazet, Jonna K.; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Peng, Cheng; Zhang, Yu-Ji; Luo, Chu-Ming; Tan, Bing; Wang, Ning; Zhu, Yan; Crameri, Gary; Zhang, Shu-Yi; Wang, Lin-Fa; Daszak, Peter; Shi, Zheng-Li (2013)."Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor".Nature.503(7477): 535–538.Bibcode:2013Natur.503..535G.doi:10.1038/nature12711.ISSN0028-0836.PMC5389864.PMID24172901.(This paper does not specifically indicate the location of the caves, but the 2018 paper clearly indicates that the 2013 paper deals with bats from the same two caves).
- ^"Li Xiu - defender of Ningzhou - ColorQ Articles Etc".colorq.org.Retrieved2019-06-06.
- ^"Tấn ninh huyện hoàng hôn dân tộc Di hương cao lương mà Thôn Ủy Hội".Archived fromthe originalon 2016-03-04.Retrieved2013-10-09.
- ^"Tấn ninh huyện hoàng hôn dân tộc Di hương hoàng hôn Thôn Ủy Hội".Archived fromthe originalon 2015-06-10.Retrieved2013-10-09.
- ^Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng – WeatherBk Data(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved20 September2023.
- ^ Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved20 September2023.
- ^"China building site clash leaves eight dead".BBC News.15 October 2014.Retrieved24 October2014.
- ^"China 'punishes 17 officials' after deadly village clash".BBC News.24 October 2014.Retrieved24 October2014.