Joseph R. Williams

For other people named Joseph Williams, seeJoseph Williams.

Joseph Rickelson Williams
Joseph R. Williams, President Agricultural College of the State of Michigan, 1857–1859
14thLieutenant Governor of Michigan
In office April 3, 1861 – June 15, 1861 (death)
Governor	Austin Blair
Preceded by	James M. Birney
Succeeded by	Henry T. Backus
Member of theMichigan Senate from the16thdistrict
In office January 2, 1861 – June 15, 1861
Preceded by	Comfort Tyler
Succeeded by	Henry H. Riley
Personal details
Born	(1808-11-14)November 14, 1808 Taunton, Massachusetts,US
Died	June 15, 1861(1861-06-15)(aged 52) Constantine, Michigan,US
Political party	Whig Republican Party
Spouse	Sarah Rowland Langdon Williams
Children	Charlotte Langdon Williams Kumler Sibyl Williams Hamilto Rebecca Williams Cooper
Alma mater	Harvard University
Profession	Farmer Attorney Newspaper Publisher Politician

Joseph Rickelson Williams(November 14, 1808 – June 15, 1861) was an American politician, aRepublicanMichigan SenateSenator, and the 14thlieutenant governor of Michigan.He was also the first president for theAgricultural College of the State of Michigan,nowMichigan State University.

Early life

Williams was born inTaunton, Massachusetts,attended Sandwich Academy where he studied under Luther Lincoln, and graduated from Harvard in 1831 with distinguished honors. He then studied law with John Davis inWorcester,wasadmitted to the barand practiced inNew Bedford.In 1839, he moved toConstantine, Michigan,where he resided for the rest of his life.

Career

Because of ill health, Williams left his law practice and traveled to Toledo, Ohio, and served as the agent of a New England company seeking land investments until 1839 when he moved to Constantine, Michigan, where he invested in the construction and operation of flour mills, and was a member of the state constitutional convention of 1850, twice the Whig candidate for Congress, and twice the Whig candidate for the United States Senate againstLewis Cass.In May, 1853, Williams returned to Toledo and purchased the Toledo Blade, a local newspaper which under his management, became the leading advocate of Republican principles in Northern Ohio. In 1856, Williams sold the paper to Clark Waggoner and G.T. Steward in order to assume the duties of the first President of the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan when it opened in May, 1857. Williams resigned the position after serving for two years.

Williams was a passionate promoter ofinterdisciplinaryliberal arts education.In accord with Williams' philosophy, the College offered a unique blending of practical and theoretical academics. Williams' curriculum balanced liberal arts, science and practical vocational studies. However, Williams excludedLatinandGreekstudies from the early curriculum, which meant that these classical languages were not tested for admission given the College's overwhelmingly rural applicant base. Nevertheless, under Williams the College did require three hours of dailymanual labor.The labor requirement helped students defray expenses, and cheaply clear and develop the campus while learning scientific principles from faculty-supervisors.

However, after just two years, Williams ran into conflict with the managing State Board of Education. Despite Williams' eloquent defense of an all-round education for the masses, the board saw the College as inefficient and had far deviated from the agriculture focus as the founder,John Clough Holmes,had anticipated. Indeed, some agriculturalists began protesting against the College's unpractical curriculum with some even calling for the College's abolition.After just two years at the helm, Williams resigned in 1859 under pressure. The Board then reduced the curriculum to a two-year, vocation-oriented farming program, which proved catastrophic and resulted almost overnight in a drastic reduction in enrollment.There was a high demand for an all-round education grounded in theliberal artstradition instead of a specialized agriculture program, a fact the board disregarded. With a sharp decrease in tuition revenue, the College was soon in dire financial straits and threatened with dissolution.

In 1860, Williams was elected as aRepublicanto theMichigan Senateand chosen as president pro tempore of the state senate when he took office in 1861. After the resignation ofLieutenant Governor of MichiganJames M. Birney,Williams took on the duties as the14th Lieutenant GovernorunderAustin Blair.

During his brief time in office he helped pass the Reorganization Act of 1861. Williams' law mandated that the College return to a four-year curriculum and, additionally, have the power to grantmaster's degrees.Under the act, a newly created body known as the State Board of Agriculture took over from the State Board of Education in running the institution, giving the College the autonomy that it retains to this day.

With the College's future secure, Williams went toWashington D. C.to lobby for the passage of theMorrill Land-Grant Colleges Actamid a social movement calling for a publicly funded university system for theworking classled byJonathan Baldwin Turner.

Death and legacy

Williams died suddenly ofinfluenzaat the age of fifty-two with only 73 days as acting lieutenant governor. PresidentAbraham Lincolnsigned the bill the following year. Eight years after his death, Joseph Williams was memorialized on the campus of State Agricultural College with the 1869 construction of Williams Hall, a men's dormitory. The building burned on January 1, 1919. The university replaced it with the current Williams Hall in 1937 as a women's dormitory named for his wife Sarah.

Family life

Captain Richard Williams, a highly respected shipmaster, and Rebecca (Smith) Williams were his parents, and on May 28, 1844, he married Sarah Rowland Langdon, a daughter of John Langdon, inBuffalo, New York.They had three daughters, Charlotte Langdon Williams Kumler, Sibyl Williams Hamilto, and Rebecca Williams Cooper.

External links

• Campaign for MSU – Joseph R. Williams Society
• Biographical InformationMichigan State University Archives