Judeo-Latin
Judeo-Latin(also spelledJudaeo-Latin) is the use byJewsof theHebrew Alpha betto writeLatin.[2]The term was coined byCecil Rothto describe a small corpus of texts from theMiddle Ages.[2]In the Middle Ages, there was no Judeo-Latin in the sense of "an ethnodialect used by Jews on a regular basis to communicate among themselves", and the existence of such aJewish languageunder theRoman Empireis pure conjecture.[3]
The Judeo-Latin corpus consists of anAnglo-Jewishcharter and Latin quotations in otherwise Hebrew works (such asanti-Christian polemics,[4]incantations and prayers).[2]Christian converts to Judaism sometimes brought with them an extensive knowledge of theVulgatetranslation of the Bible. TheSefer Nizzahon YashanandJoseph ben Nathan Official'sSefer Yosef ha-Mekannecontain extensive quotations from the Vulgate in Hebrew letters.[2]Latin technical terms sometimes appear in Hebrew texts.[2]There is evidence of the oral use of Latin formulas indowsing,ordealsand ceremonies.[2]
Leo Levifound someHebraismsin a few epigraphs in Italy.[5]
References[edit]
- ^Gideon Bohak,"Catching a Thief: The Jewish Trials of a Christian Ordeal"[dead link],Jewish Studies Quarterly13.4 (2006): 344–362.
- ^abcdefIvan G. Marcus, "Judeo-Latin", inJoseph R. Strayer(ed.),Dictionary of the Middle Ages,Vol. 7 (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1986), pp. 176–177.
- ^Gad Freudenthal,"Latin-into-Hebrew in the Making: Bilingual Documents in Facing Columns and Their Possible Function",pp. 59–67 in Resianne Fontaine and Gad Freudenthal (eds.),Latin-into-Hebrew: Texts and Studies,Volume One: Studies (Leiden: Brill, 2013), p. 61 and n., who quotes an earlier version of this Wikipedia article to characterize the conjecture: "a presumed Jewish language for many scattered Jewish communities of the former Roman Empire, but especially by the Jewish communities of the Italian Peninsula and Transalpine Gaul."
- ^Philippe Bobichon,Controverse judéo-chrétienne en Ashkenaz (XIIIe s.). Florilèges polémiques: hébreu, latin, ancien français (Paris, BNF Hébreu 712). Édition, traduction, commentaires,Bibliothèque de l’EPHE, Paris, 2015.
- ^Leo Levi, "Ricerca di epigrafia ebraica nell'Italia meridionale,"La Rassegna mensile di Israel,vol. 28 (1962), pp. 152–153
Further reading[edit]
- Paul Wexler,Three Heirs to a Judeo-Latin Legacy: Judeo-Ibero-Romance, Yiddish and Rotwelsch(Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1988).
External links[edit]
- Taylor-Schechter K 1.115,a Judeo-Latin magical text
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