July 21

July 21 in recent years
2024 (Sunday)
2023 (Friday)
2022 (Thursday)
2021 (Wednesday)
2020 (Tuesday)
2019 (Sunday)
2018 (Saturday)
2017 (Friday)
2016 (Thursday)
2015 (Tuesday)

July 21is the 202nd day of the year (203rd inleap years) in theGregorian calendar;163 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

356 BC– TheTemple of ArtemisinEphesus,one of theSeven Wonders of the World,is destroyed byarson.
230–Pope PontiansucceedsUrban Ias the eighteenthpope.After being exiled to Sardinia, he became the first pope to resign his office.
285–DiocletianappointsMaximianasCaesarand co-ruler.
365– The365 Crete earthquakeaffected the Greek island of Crete with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), causing a destructive tsunami that affects the coasts of Libya and Egypt, especiallyAlexandria.Many thousands are killed.
905– KingBerengar I of Italyand a hiredHungarianarmy defeats theFrankishforces atVerona.KingLouis IIIis captured and blinded for breaking his oath (see902).^[1]
1242–Battle of Taillebourg:Louis IX of Franceputs an end to the revolt of his vassalsHenry III of EnglandandHugh X of Lusignan.
1403–Battle of Shrewsbury:KingHenry IV of Englanddefeats rebels to the north of the county town ofShropshire,England.
1545– The first landing of French troops on the coast of theIsle of Wightduring theFrench invasion of the Isle of Wight.
1568–Eighty Years' War:Battle of Jemmingen:Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of AlvadefeatsLouis of Nassau.

1601–1900

1645–Qing dynastyregentDorgonissues anedictordering allHan Chinesemen to shave their forehead and braid the rest of their hair into a queue identical to those of theManchus.
1656– TheRaid on Málagatakes place during theAnglo-Spanish War.
1674– ADutch assaulton the French island ofMartiniqueis repulsed against all odds.^[2]
1718– TheTreaty of Passarowitzbetween theOttoman Empire,Austria and theRepublic of Veniceis signed.
1774–Russo-Turkish War (1768–74):Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign theTreaty of Küçük Kaynarcaending the war.
1798–French campaign in Egypt and Syria:Napoleon'sforces defeat anOttoman-Mamlukarmy nearCairoin theBattle of the Pyramids.
1831– Inauguration ofLeopold I of Belgium,first king of theBelgians.
1861–American Civil War:First Battle of Bull Run:AtManassas Junction, Virginia,the first major battle of the war begins and ends in a victory for theConfederatearmy.
1865– In the market square ofSpringfield, Missouri,Wild Bill Hickok shoots and kills Davis Tuttin what is regarded as the first western showdown.
1873– AtAdair, Iowa,Jesse Jamesand theJames–Younger Gangpull off the first successfultrain robberyin theAmerican Old West.
1877– After rioting byBaltimore and Ohio Railroadworkers and thedeaths of nine rail workersat the hands of theMarylandmilitia, workers inPittsburgh, Pennsylvania,stage asympathy strikethat is met with an assault by the state militia.

1901–present

1904–Louis Rigolly,a Frenchman, becomes the first man to break the 100 mph (161 km/h) barrier on land. He drove a 15-literGobron-BrilliéinOstend,Belgium.
1907– The passenger steamerSSColumbiasinks after colliding with the steam schoonerSan PedrooffShelter Cove, California,killing 88 people.
1919– ThedirigibleWingfoot Air Expresscrashes into the Illinois Trust and Savings Building inChicago,killing 12 people.
1920– The "Belfast Pogrom"begins two years of violence with the expulsion of thousands ofCatholicshipyard, factory and linen mill workers from their jobs.^[3]
1925–Scopes Trial:InDayton, Tennessee,high school biology teacherJohn T. Scopesis found guilty of teachinghuman evolutionin class and fined $100.
1925 –Malcolm Campbellbecomes the first man to exceed 150 mph (241 km/h) on land. AtPendine Sandsin Wales, he drivesSunbeam 350HPbuilt bySunbeamat a two-way average speed of 150.33 mph (242 km/h).^[4]
1936–Spanish Civil War:TheCentral Committee of Antifascist Militias of Cataloniais constituted, establishing ananarcho-syndicalisteconomy inCatalonia.^[5]
1944–World War II:Battle of Guam:American troops land onGuam,starting a battle that will end onAugust 10.
1944 – World War II:Claus von Stauffenbergand four fellow conspirators are executed for theJuly 20 plotto assassinate Adolf Hitler.
1949– TheUnited States Senateratifies theNorth Atlantic Treaty.
1951–Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 3505disappears while flying fromVancouvertoTokyo.The aircraft and its 37 occupants are never found.^[6]
1952– The 7.3 M_w Kern County earthquakestrikesSouthern Californiawith a maximumMercalli intensityof XI (Extreme), killing 12 and injuring hundreds.
1954–First Indochina War:TheGeneva ConferencepartitionsVietnamintoNorth VietnamandSouth Vietnam.
1959–NSSavannah,the firstnuclear-poweredcargo-passenger ship, islaunchedas a showcase forDwight D. Eisenhower's "Atoms for Peace"initiative.
1959 –Elijah Jerry "Pumpsie" Greenbecomes the firstAfrican-Americanto play for theBoston Red Sox,the last team to integrate. He came in as apinch runnerforVic Wertzand stayed in as shortstop in a 2–1 loss to theChicago White Sox.
1960–Sirimavo Bandaranaikeis elected Prime Minister ofSri Lanka,becoming the world's first female head of government
1961–Mercury program:Mercury-Redstone 4Mission:Gus GrissompilotingLiberty Bell 7becomes the second American to go into space (in a suborbital mission).
1961 –Alaska Airlines Flight 779crashes nearShemya Air Force BaseinShemya,Alaskakilling six.^[7]
1964–A series of racial riotsbreak out in Singapore. In the next six weeks, 23 die with 454 others injured.^[8]
1969–Apollo program:At 02:56 UTC, astronautNeil Armstrongbecomes thefirst person to walk on the Moon,followed 19 minutes later byEdwin "Buzz" Aldrin.
1970– After 11 years of construction, theAswan High DaminEgyptis completed.
1972–The Troubles:Bloody Friday:TheProvisional IRAdetonate 22 bombs in centralBelfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdomin the space of 80 minutes, killing nine and injuring 130.
1973– InLillehammer, Norway,Mossadagents kill a waiter whom they mistakenly thought was involved in the 1972Munich Olympics Massacre.
1976–Christopher Ewart-Biggs,the British ambassador to theRepublic of Ireland,is assassinated by the Provisional IRA.
1977– The start of the four-day-longLibyan–Egyptian War.
1979–Jay Silverheels,aMohawkactor, becomes the firstNative Americanto have a star commemorated in theHollywood Walk of Fame.^[9]
1983– Theworld's lowest temperaturein an inhabited location is recorded atVostok Station,Antarctica at −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F).
1990–Taiwan's military policeforces mainland Chinese illegal immigrants into sealed holds of a fishing boatMin Ping Yu No. 5540for repatriation toFu gian,causing 25 people to die from suffocation.^[10]
1995–Third Taiwan Strait Crisis:ThePeople's Liberation Armybegins firing missiles into the waters north ofTaiwan.
2001– At the conclusion of a fireworks display on Okura Beach inAkashi, Hyōgo,Japan,11 people are killed and more than 120 are injuredwhen a pedestrian footbridge connecting the beach to JRAsagiri Stationbecomes overcrowded and people leaving the event fall down in a domino effect.
2005– Fourattempted bomb attacksby Islamist extremists disrupt part ofLondon's public transport system.
2008–Ram Baran Yadavis declared the firstPresident of Nepal.
2010– PresidentBarack Obamasigns theDodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.^[11]
2011–NASA'sSpace Shuttle programends with the landing ofSpace ShuttleAtlantison missionSTS-135atNASA'sKennedy Space Center.^[12]
2012–Erden Eruçcompletes the first solohuman-poweredcircumnavigation of the world.
2019–Yuen Long attackor "721 incident" in Hong Kong.Triadmembers indiscriminately beat civilians returning fromprotestswhile police failed to take action.^[13]
2023– TheBarbenheimerphenomenon begins as two major motion pictures,Greta Gerwig'sfantasy comedyBarbieandChristopher Nolan'sepic biographical thrillerOppenheimer,are released in theaters on the same day and audiences, instead of creating a rivalry between the extremely dissimilar films, instead attend and praise both as an informal, surrealdouble feature.^[14]^[15]
2024–US President Joe Bidenannounces he will no longer seek a second term andwithdrawsfrom the2024 election.^[16]

Births

Pre-1600

541–Emperor Wen of Sui,emperor of theSui dynasty(d. 604)
1030–Kyansittha,King of Burma (d. 1112)
1414–Pope Sixtus IV(d. 1484)^[17]
1462–Queen Jeonghyeon,Korean royal consort (d. 1530)
1476–Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara(d. 1534)
1476 –Anna Sforza,Italian noble (d. 1497)
1535–García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete,Royal Governor of Chile (d. 1609)

1601–1900

1616–Anna de' Medici, Archduchess of Austria(d. 1676)
1620–Jean Picard,French astronomer (d. 1682)
1648–John Graham, 1st Viscount Dundee,Scottish general (d. 1689)
1654–Pedro Calungsod,Filipino catechist and sacristan; later canonized (d. 1672)
1664–Matthew Prior,English poet and diplomat,British Ambassador to France(d. 1721)^[18]
1693–Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle,English politician,Prime Minister of Great Britain(d. 1768)^[19]
1710–Paul Möhring,German physician, botanist, and zoologist (d. 1792)
1783–Charles Tristan, marquis de Montholon,French general (d. 1853)
1808–Simion Bărnuțiu,Romanian historian, academic, and politician (d. 1864)
1810–Henri Victor Regnault,French chemist and physicist (d. 1878)
1811–Robert Mackenzie,Scottish-Australian politician, 3rdPremier of Queensland(d. 1873)^[20]
1816–Paul Reuter,German-English journalist, foundedReuters(d. 1899)^[21]
1858–Maria Christina of Austria(d. 1929)
1858 –Lovis Corinth,German painter (d. 1925)^[22]
1858 –Alfred Henry O'Keeffe,New Zealand painter and educator (d. 1941)
1863–C. Aubrey Smith,English-American cricketer and actor (d. 1948)^[23]
1866–Carlos Schwabe,Swiss Symbolist painter and printmaker (d. 1926)
1870–Emil Orlík,Czech painter, etcher, and lithographer (d. 1932)^[24]
1875–Charles Gondouin,French rugby player andtug of warcompetitor (d. 1947)
1880–Milan Rastislav Štefánik,Slovak astronomer, general, and politician (d. 1919)^[25]
1882–David Burliuk,Ukrainian author and illustrator (d. 1967)^[26]
1885–Jacques Feyder,Belgian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1948)
1891–Julius Saaristo,Finnish javelin thrower and soldier (d. 1969)
1893–Hans Fallada,German author (d. 1947)^[27]
1896–Sophie Bledsoe Aberle,American anthropologist, physician and nutritionist (d. 1996)
1898–Sara Carter,American singer-songwriter (d. 1979)^[28]
1899–Hart Crane,American poet (d. 1932)^[29]
1899 –Ernest Hemingway,American novelist, short story writer, and journalist,Nobel Prizelaureate (d. 1961)^[30]
1900–Isadora Bennett,American theatre manager and modern dance publicity agent (d. 1980)^[31]

1901–present

1903–Russell Lee,American photographer and journalist (d. 1986)^[32]
1903 –Roy Neuberger,American businessman and financier, co-foundedNeuberger Berman(d. 2010)^[33]
1908–Jug McSpaden,American golfer and architect (d. 1996)^[34]
1911–Marshall McLuhan,Canadian author and theorist (d. 1980)^[35]
1911 –Umashankar Joshi,Indian author, poet, and scholar (d. 1988)
1914–Aleksander Kreek,Estonian shot putter and discus thrower (d. 1977)
1917–Alan B. Gold,Canadian lawyer and jurist (d. 2005)
1920–Constant Nieuwenhuys,Dutch painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 2005)^[36]
1920 –Isaac Stern,Russian-American violinist and conductor (d. 2001)^[37]
1920 –Jean Daniel,Algerian-French journalist and author (d. 2020)^[38]
1921–James Cooke Brown,American sociologist and author (d. 2000)
1921 –John Horsley,English actor (d. 2014)^[39]
1921 –Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa,Zulu sangoma (d. 2020)
1922 –Philomena Franz,German Romani author (d. 2022)^[40]
1922–Kay Starr,American singer (d. 2016)^[41]
1922 –Mollie Sugden,English actress (d. 2009)^[42]
1923–Rudolph A. Marcus,Canadian-American chemist and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate
1923 –Queenie Watts,English actress and singer (d. 1980)
1924 –Don Knotts,American actor, comedian, and screenwriter (d. 2006)^[43]
1925–Johnny Peirson,Canadian hockey player (d. 2021)
1926–Paul Burke,American actor (d. 2009)^[44]
1926 –Norman Jewison,Canadian actor, director, and producer (d. 2024)^[45]
1926 –Rahimuddin Khan,Pakistani general and politician, 7thGovernor of Balochistan(d. 2022)^[46]
1926 –Bill Pertwee,English actor (d. 2013)^[47]
1926 –Karel Reisz,Czech-English director and producer (d. 2002)^[48]
1928–Sky Low Low,Canadian wrestler (d. 1998)
1929–Bob Orton,American wrestler (d. 2006)
1930–Anand Bakshi,Indian poet and songwriter (d. 2002)
1930 –Helen Merrill,American singer^[49]
1931–Sonny Clark,American pianist and composer (d. 1963)^[50]
1931 –Plas Johnson,American saxophonist^[51]
1931 –Leon Schidlowsky,Chilean-Israeli painter and composer (d. 2022)
1932–Kaye Stevens,American singer and actress (d. 2011)
1933–John Gardner,American novelist, essayist, and critic (d. 1982)^[52]
1934–Chandu Borde,Indian cricketer and manager
1934 –Jonathan Miller,English actor, director, and author (d. 2019)^[53]
1935–Norbert Blüm,German businessman and politician (d. 2020)
1935 –Moe Drabowsky,Polish-American baseball player and coach (d. 2006)
1937–Eduard Streltsov,Soviet footballer (d. 1990)
1938–Les Aspin,American captain and politician, 18thUnited States Secretary of Defense(d. 1995)^[54]
1938 –Anton Kuerti,Austrian-Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor^[55]
1938 –Janet Reno,American lawyer and politician, 79thUnited States Attorney General(d. 2016)^[56]
1939–Jamey Aebersold,American saxophonist and educator^[57]
1939 –Kim Fowley,American singer-songwriter, producer, and manager (d. 2015)^[58]
1939 –John Negroponte,English-American diplomat, 23rdUnited States Ambassador to the United Nations
1942–Mallikarjun Kharge,Indian politician, 98thPresident of the Indian National Congress^[59]
1943–Fritz Glatz,Austrian race car driver (d. 2002)
1943 –Edward Herrmann,American actor (d. 2014)^[60]
1943 –Henry McCullough,Northern Irish guitarist, singer and songwriter (d. 2016)^[61]
1943 –Robert Shrum,American author and political advisor
1944–John Atta Mills,Ghanaian lawyer and politician, 3rdPresident of Ghana(d. 2012)^[62]
1944 –Buchi Emecheta,Nigerian author and academic (d. 2017)^[63]
1944 –Paul Wellstone,American academic and politician (d. 2002)^[64]
1945–Wendy Cope,English poet, critic, and educator
1945 –Geoff Dymock,Australian cricketer
1945 –Barry Richards,South African cricketer
1946–Ken Starr,American lawyer and judge, 39thSolicitor General of the United States(d. 2022)^[65]
1946 –Timothy Harris,American author, screenwriter and producer
1947–Chetan Chauhan,Indian cricketer and politician (d. 2020)^[66]
1948–Art Hindle,Canadian actor and director
1948 –Cat Stevens,English singer-songwriter and guitarist
1948 –Garry Trudeau,American cartoonist
1949–Christina Hart,American playwright and actress
1949 –Hirini Melbourne,New Zealand singer-songwriter and poet (d. 2003)
1950–Ubaldo Fillol,Argentinian footballer and coach
1950 –Susan Kramer, Baroness Kramer,English politician,Minister of State for Transport
1951–Richard Gozney,English politician and diplomat, 30thLieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man,139thGovernor of Bermuda
1951 –Robin Williams,American actor and comedian (d. 2014)^[67]
1952–John Barrasso,American physician and politician^[68]
1952 –Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah,Malaysian economist
1953–Eric Bazilian,American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, arranger, and producer
1953 –Jeff Fatt,Australian keyboard player and actor
1953 –Bernie Fraser,New Zealand rugby player
1953 –Brian Talbot,English footballer and manager
1955–Howie Epstein,American bass player, songwriter, and producer (d. 2003)^[69]
1955 –Dannel Malloy,American lawyer and politician, 88thGovernor of Connecticut
1955 –Taco,Indonesian-born Dutch singer and entertainer
1955 –Béla Tarr,Hungarian director, producer, and screenwriter
1956–Michael Connelly,American author
1957–Stefan Löfven,Swedish trade union leader and politician, 33rdPrime Minister of Sweden
1957 –Jon Lovitz,American comedian, actor, and producer
1958–Dave Henderson,American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2015)
1959–Gene Miles,Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
1959 –Reha Muhtar,Turkish journalist
1959 –Paul Vautin,Australian rugby league player, coach, and sportscaster
1960–Amar Singh Chamkila,Indian singer-songwriter (d. 1988)
1960 –Veselin Matić,Serbian basketball player and coach
1960 –Fritz Walter,German footballer
1961–Morris Iemma,Australian politician, 40thPremier of New South Wales
1961 –Jim Martin,American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1962–Victor Adebowale, Baron Adebowale,English businessman
1963–Kevin Poole,English footballer and manager
1963 –Giant Silva,Brazilian basketball player, mixed martial artist, and wrestler
1964–Steve Collins,Irish boxer and actor
1964 –Ross Kemp,English actor and producer
1964 –Jens Weißflog,German ski jumper and journalist
1965–Guðni Bergsson,Icelandic footballer and lawyer
1965 –Mike Bordick,American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster
1966–Arija Bareikis,American actress
1966 –Sarah Waters,Welsh author^[70]
1968–Brandi Chastain,American soccer player and sportscaster
1968 –Aditya Srivastava,Indian actor
1968 –Lyle Odelein,Canadian ice hockey player
1969–Godfrey,American comedian and actor
1969 –Klaus Graf,German race car driver
1969 –Emerson Hart,American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1969 –Isabell Werth,German equestrian
1970–Michael Fitzpatrick,American singer-songwriter
1971–Emmanuel Bangué,French long jumper
1971 –Charlotte Gainsbourg,English-French actress and singer
1971 –Nitzan Shirazi,Israeli footballer and manager (d. 2014)
1972–Kimera Bartee,American baseball player (d. 2021)^[71]
1972 –Korey Cooper,American singer and guitarist
1972 –Catherine Ndereba,Kenyan marathon runner^[72]
1974–Geoff Jenkins,American baseball player and coach
1974 –René Reinumägi,Estonian actor, director, and screenwriter
1975–Christopher Barzak,American author and educator
1975 –David Dastmalchian,American actor^[73]
1975 –Cara Dillon,Irish singer-songwriter
1975 –Ravindra Pushpakumara,Sri Lankan cricketer
1975 –Mike Sellers,American football player
1976–Cori Bush,American politician^[74]
1976 –Jalmari Helander,Finnish film director and screenwriter^[75]
1976 –Jaime Murray,English actress
1977–Paul Casey,English golfer
1978–Justin Bartha,American actor
1978 –Anderson da Silva Gibin,Brazilian footballer
1978 –Josh Hartnett,American actor
1978 –Julian Huppert,English academic and politician
1978 –Damian Marley,Jamaican singer-songwriter and producer
1978 –Gary Teale,Scottish footballer
1979–David Carr,American football player
1979 –Tamika Catchings,American basketball player
1979 –Luis Ernesto Michel,Mexican footballer
1979 –Andriy Voronin,Ukrainian footballer
1980–Jon Dorenbos,American football player^[76]
1980 –Justin Griffith,American football player
1980 –Sandra Laoura,French skier
1980 –CC Sabathia,American baseball player
1980 –Yvonne Sampson,Australian journalist and sportscaster
1980 –Heath Scotland,Australian rules footballer^[77]
1981–Paloma Faith,English singer-songwriter and actress
1981 –Anabelle Langlois,Canadian figure skater
1981 –Joaquín,Spanish footballer
1981 –Blake Lewis,American musician,American Idolcontestant^[78]
1981 –Romeo Santos,American singer-songwriter
1981 –Stefan Schumacher,German cyclist^[79]
1982–Jason Cram,Australian swimmer
1982 –Mao Kobayashi,Japanese newscaster and actress (d. 2017)
1983–Kellen Winslow II,American football player^[80]
1984–Jurrick Juliana,Dutch footballer
1984 –Liam Ridgewell,English footballer
1985 –Mati Lember,Estonian footballer
1985 –Von Wafer,American basketball player
1986–Anthony Annan,Ghanaian footballer
1986 –Rebecca Ferguson,American-English singer-songwriter
1986 –Jason Thompson,American basketball player
1987–Peter Doocy,American journalist^{[citation needed]}
1987 –Bilel Mohsni,French footballer
1987 –Jesús Zavala,Mexican footballer
1988–KB,American rapper
1988 –DeAndre Jordan,American basketball player^[81]
1988 –Chris Mitchell,Scottish footballer (d. 2016)
1989–Rory Culkin,American actor^[82]
1989 –Marco Fabián,Mexican footballer
1989 –Juno Temple,English actress
1989 –Jamie Waylett,British actor^[83]
1990–Franck Elemba,Congolese athlete
1990 –Chris Martin,English footballer
1990 –Jason Roy,South African-English cricketer
1990 –Erislandy Savón,Cuban amateur heavyweight boxer
1991–Sara Sampaio,Portuguese model
1992–Jude Adjei-Barimah,Italian-American football player^[84]
1992 –Jessica Barden,English actress
1992 –Julia Beljajeva,Estonian épée fencer
1992 –Burak Çelik,Turkish actor and model
1992 –Da$H,American rapper^[85]
1992 –Giovanni De Gennaro,Italian slalom canoeist^[86]^[87]
1992 –Charlotte de Witte,Belgian DJ and record producer^[88]
1992 –Dawid Dryja,Polish volleyball player^[89]
1992 –Rachael Flatt,American figure skater^[90]
1992 –Marcus Harris,Australian cricketer^[91]
1992 –Jonathon Jennings,AmericanCanadian footballplayer^[92]
1992 –Dante Marini,American soccer player^[93]
1992 –Henry Owens,American baseball pitcher^[94]
1992 –Andrew Rayel,Moldovan DJ and producer^[95]
1992 –Yuka Sato,Japanese javelin thrower^[96]
1992 –Miles Ukaoma,American-born Nigerian hurdler^[97]
1996–Mikael Ingebrigtsen,Norwegian footballer^[98]
1998–Marie Bouzkova,Czech tennis player^[99]
1999–Evan McPherson,American football player^[100]
2000–Erling Haaland,Norwegian footballer^[101]
2006–Endrick,Brazilian footballer^[102]

Deaths

Pre-1600

658–K'an II,Mayan ruler (b. 588)
710–Li Guo'er,princess of theTang dynasty
710 –Wei,empress of the Tang dynasty
710 –Shangguan Wan'er,Chinese poet (b. 664)
987–Geoffrey I, Count of Anjou
1259–Gojong of Goryeo
1403–Henry Percy,English soldier (b. 1364)^[103]
1403 –Sir Walter Blount,English soldier, standard-bearer of Henry IV
1403 –Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford,English soldier
1425–Manuel II Palaiologos,Byzantine emperor (b. 1350)
1552–Antonio de Mendoza,Spanish politician, 1stViceroy of New Spain(b. 1495)

1601–1900

1688–James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde,English soldier and politician,Lord Lieutenant of Ireland(b. 1610)^[104]
1793–Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux,French admiral, explorer, and politician (b. 1739)
1796–Robert Burns,Scottish poet and songwriter (b. 1759)^[105]
1798–François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt,Austrian field marshal (b. 1733)
1798–Anthony Perry,Irish rebel leader (b. ca. 1760)
1868–William Bland,Australian surgeon and politician (b. 1789)^[106]
1878–Sam Bass,American outlaw (b. 1851)
1880–Hiram Walden,American general and politician (b. 1800)^[107]
1889–Nelson Dewey,American lawyer and politician, 1stGovernor of Wisconsin(b. 1813)
1899–Robert G. Ingersoll,American soldier, lawyer, and politician (b. 1833)^[108]

1901–present

1920–Fiammetta Wilson,English astronomer and educator (b. 1864)^[109]
1928–Ellen Terry,English actress (b. 1847)^[110]
1932–Bill Gleason,American baseball player (b. 1858)
1938–Owen Wister,American lawyer and author (b. 1860)^[111]
1941–Bohdan Lepky,Ukrainian poet and scholar (b. 1872)
1943–Charley Paddock,American runner and actor (b. 1900)
1943 –Louis Vauxcelles,French art critic (b. 1870)
1944–Claus von Stauffenberg,German soldier whoattempted to assassinate Adolf Hitler(b. 1907)
1946–Gualberto Villarroel,Bolivian soldier and politician, 45thPresident of Bolivia(b. 1908)
1948–Arshile Gorky,Armenian-American painter and illustrator (b. 1904)
1952–Pedro Lascuráin,Mexican politician, president for 45 minutes on February 13, 1913. (b. 1856)^[112]
1966–Philipp Frank,Austrian-American physicist, mathematician, and philosopher, Vienna Circle member (b. 1884)
1967–Jimmie Foxx,American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1907)
1967 –Albert Lutuli,South African academic and politician,Nobel Prizelaureate (b. 1898)
1967 –Basil Rathbone,South African-American actor and singer (b. 1892)
1968–Ruth St. Denis,American dancer and choreographer (b. 1878)^[113]
1970–Mikhail Mikhaylovich Gerasimov,Russian anthropologist and sculptor (b. 1907)
1970 –Bob Kalsu,American football player and lieutenant (b. 1945)
1972–Ralph Craig,American sprinter and sailor (b. 1889)
1972 –Jigme Dorji Wangchuck,Bhutanese king (b. 1928)
1977–Lee Miller,American model and photographer (b. 1907)
1982–Dave Garroway,American journalist and actor (b. 1913)
1991–Paul Warwick,English race car driver (b. 1969)
1994–Marijac,French author and illustrator (b. 1908)
1997–Olaf Kopvillem,Estonian-Canadian conductor and composer (b. 1926)
1998–Alan Shepard,American admiral, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1923)
1998 –Robert Young,American actor and singer (b. 1907)
2000–Marc Reisner,American environmentalist and author (b. 1948)
2002–Esphyr Slobodkina,Russian-American author and illustrator (b. 1908)
2003–John Davies,English-New Zealand runner and coach (b. 1938)
2004–Jerry Goldsmith,American composer and conductor (b. 1929)
2004 –Edward B. Lewis,American geneticist and biologist,Nobel Prizelaureate (b. 1918)
2005–Long John Baldry,English-Canadian singer and actor (b. 1941)
2005 –Lord Alfred Hayes,English-American wrestler and manager (b. 1928)
2006–Mako Iwamatsu,Japanese-American actor and singer (b. 1933)
2006 –Ta Mok,Cambodian soldier and monk (b. 1926)
2007–Dubravko Škiljan,Croatian linguist and academic (b. 1949)
2008–Donald Stokes,English businessman (b. 1914)
2010–Luis Corvalán,Chilean educator and politician (b. 1916)
2010 –Ralph Houk,American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1919)
2010 –John E. Irving,Canadian businessman (b. 1932)
2012–Alexander Cockburn,Scottish-American journalist and author (b. 1941)
2012 –Marie Kruckel,American baseball player (b. 1924)
2012 –Ali Podrimja,Albanian poet and author (b. 1942)
2012 –James D. Ramage,American admiral and pilot (b. 1916)
2012 –Angharad Rees,English-b. Welsh actress (b. 1944)
2012 –Don Wilson,English cricketer and coach (b. 1937)
2013–Andrea Antonelli,Italian motorcycle racer (b. 1988)
2013 –Lourembam Brojeshori Devi,Indian martial artist (b. 1981)
2013 –Det de Beus,Dutch field hockey player (b. 1958)
2013 –Luis Fernando Rizo-Salom,Colombian-French composer and educator (b. 1971)
2013 –Fred Taylor,American football player and coach (b. 1920)
2014–Louise Abeita,Isleta Pueblo(Native American) writer, poet, and educator (b. 1926)
2014 –Dan Borislow,American businessman, invented themagicJack(b. 1961)
2014 –Lettice Curtis,English engineer and pilot (b. 1915)
2014 –Hans-Peter Kaul,German lawyer and judge (b. 1943)
2014 –Rilwanu Lukman,Nigerian engineer and politician (b. 1938)^[114]
2014 –Kevin Skinner,New Zealand rugby player and boxer (b. 1927)^[115]
2015–Robert Broberg,Swedish singer-songwriter (b. 1940)
2015 –E. L. Doctorow,American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (b. 1931)^[116]
2015 –Nicholas Gonzalez,American physician (b. 1947)
2015 –Czesław Marchaj,Polish-English sailor and academic (b. 1918)^[117]
2015 –Dick Nanninga,Dutch footballer (b. 1949)
2016–Dennis Green,American football player and coach (b. 1949)^[118]
2017–John Heard,American film and television actor (b. 1946)^[119]
2018–Alene Duerk,U.S. Navy first female admiral (b. 1920)^[120]
2020–Annie Ross,Scottish-American singer and actress (b. 1930)^[121]
2020 –Andrew Mlangeni,South African political activist (b. 1925)^[122]
2023–Tony Bennett,American singer (b. 1926)^[123]

Holidays and observances

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External links

"On This Day".BBC.
The New York Times:On This Day
"Historical Events on July 21".OnThisDay.

[1] Previté Orton, p. 337. TheGest BerengariiandConstantine Porphyrogenitus'De administrando imperioboth show Berengar as declaiming responsibility for Louis's blinding.

[2] David F. Marley, P.279Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere(2nd. ed., 2 vols., Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2008)

[3] Moore, Cormac (15 July 2020)."The eruption of sectarian violence in Belfast's shipyards during July 1920 would define Belfast's future".The Irish News.Retrieved5 May2022.

[4] "Blue Bird Celebrates 90th Anniversary - The National Motor Museum Trust".Archived fromthe originalon 2016-04-06.

[5] Garcia Oliver, Juan (July 1937). "Los organismos revolucionarios – El Comité Central de las Milicias Antifascistas de Cataluña".De Julio a Julio(in Spanish). Barcelona: CNT. p. 193.

[CAA-6] Civil Aviation Authority 1974, p. 12/51

[7] Ranter, Harro."ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-6A N6118C Shemya AFB, AK (SYA)".aviation-safety.net.Aviation Safety Network.Retrieved2022-07-20.

[:0-8] Cheng, Adeline Low Hwee (2001). "The past in the present: Memories of the 1964 'racial riots' in Singapore".Asian Journal of Social Science.29(3): 431–455.doi:10.1163/156853101X00181.

[:1-9] Champagne, Duane (2001).The Native North American Almanac.Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. p. 75.ISBN 0787616559.

[10] Sarah Lubman (August 3, 1990)."China: Taiwan set adrift 26 to die".UPI.RetrievedJuly 20,2019.

[11] "Barack Obama - Key Events | Miller Center".millercenter.org.2016-10-07.Retrieved2022-01-11.

[12] "STS-135 Mission Information".NASA.RetrievedNovember 1,2019.

[13] "'Where were the police?' Hong Kong outcry after masked thugs launch attack ".The Guardian.22 July 2019.Archivedfrom the original on 22 July 2019.Retrieved23 July2019.

[14] Romano, Aja (July 10, 2023)."Barbieheimer: It's black. It's pink. It's more meaningful than you think".Vox.Archivedfrom the original on July 10, 2023.RetrievedJuly 11,2023.

[15] "Everything to know about Barbieheimer, the summer's hottest trend".EW.Retrieved2023-11-29.

[16] Williams, Michael (2024-07-21)."Biden drops out of the 2024 presidential race | CNN Politics".CNN.Retrieved2024-07-21.

[17] "Sixtus IV | pope".Encyclopedia Britannica.Retrieved26 June2020.

[18] Rippy, Frances Mayhew (11 February 2021). "Prior, Matthew (1664–1721), poet and diplomat".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography(online ed.). Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/22814.(Subscription orUK public library membershiprequired.)

[19] "History of Thomas Pelham-Holles 1st Duke of Newcastle - GOV.UK".gov.uk.Retrieved19 June2023.

[20] Joyce, R. B. (1974)."Sir Robert Ramsay Mackenzie (1811–1873)".Australian Dictionary of Biography.Vol. 5. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,Australian National University.ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7.ISSN 1833-7538.OCLC 70677943.Retrieved15 July2024.

[21] Wintour, Charles; Loughlin-Chow, M. Clare (2004). "Reuter, (Paul) Julius de [formerly Israel Beer Josaphat], Baron de Reuter in the nobility of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1816–1899), news agency founder".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography(online ed.). Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/37890.(Subscription orUK public library membershiprequired.)

[22] Makela, Maria (2003). "Corinth, Lovis".Oxford Art Online.doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T019489.

[23] Stephenson, William (February 2000). "Smith, C. Aubrey (1863-1948), actor".American National Biography.New York: Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1801362.(subscription required)

[24] Pařík, Arno (2003). "Orlik, Emil".Oxford Art Online.doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T063863.

[25] Tůmová, Adéla (2022). "The Collections of Milan Rastislav Štefánik and Bedřich Feuerstein in the Náprstek Museum".Annals of the Náprstek Museum.43(2): 87–106.doi:10.37520/anpm.2022.011.

[26] Burleigh-Motley, Marian (2003). "Burlyuk, David".Oxford Art Online.doi:10.1093/oao/9781884446054.013.90000371400.ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4.

[27] Williams, Jenny (1998).More Lives than One: A Biography of Hans Fallada.London: Libris. p. 1.ISBN 1870352386.

[28] Wolfe, Charles K. (February 2000). "Carter, A. P. (1891-1960), musicians and songwriters".American National Biography.New York: Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1803463.(subscription required)

[29] "Hart Crane | American poet".Encyclopedia Britannica.Retrieved27 July2021.

[30] Reynolds, Michael (1999). "Hemingway, Ernest (21 July 1899–02 July 1961), writer".American National Biography.New York: Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1600745.(subscription required)

[31] Moseley, Monica (February 2000). "Bennett, Isadora (1900-1980), publicist for dance and theater".American National Biography.New York: Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1800090.(subscription required)

[32] Hurley, F. Jack (February 2000). "Lee, Russell Werner (1903-1986), photographer".American National Biography.New York: Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1701477.(subscription required)

[33] Wyatt, Edward (25 December 2010)."Roy R. Neuberger Dies at 107; Applied a Stock Trader's Acumen to Art".The New York Times.Retrieved20 July2024.

[34] Litsky, Frank (26 April 1996)."Jug McSpaden, 87, a Top Golfer Known for Finishing in Second".The New York Times.Retrieved20 July2024.

[35] Whitman, Alden (1 January 1981)."MARSHALL MCLUHAN, AUTHOR, DIES; DECLARED 'MEDIUM IS THE MESSAGE'".The New York Times.Retrieved20 July2024.

[36] Stokvis, Willemijn (2003). "Constant".Oxford Art Online.doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T019168.

[37] Schwarz, Boris (2001). "Stern, Isaac".Grove Music Online(8th ed.).Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.26717.ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.

[38] McFadden, Robert D. (20 February 2020)."Jean Daniel, Leading French Journalist and Humanist, Dies at 99".The New York Times.Retrieved20 July2024.

[39] Pendreigh, Brian (16 January 2014)."Obituary: John Horsley, actor".The Scotsman.Retrieved20 July2024.

[40] "Auschwitz-Überlebende aus Bergisch Gladbach: Philomena Franz ist mit 100 Jahren gestorben".Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger(in German). 28 December 2022.Retrieved5 July2024.

[41] Vacher, Peter (6 November 2016)."Kay Starr obituary".The Guardian.Retrieved20 July2024.

[42] Barker, Dennis (2 July 2009)."Mollie Sugden".The Guardian.Retrieved20 July2024.

[43] Collins, Scott (3 July 2012)."Don Knotts, star of 'The Andy Griffith Show,' dead at 81".Los Angeles Times.Retrieved20 July2024.

[44] Fox, Margalit (16 September 2009)."Paul Burke, 'Naked City' Star, Dies at 83".The New York Times.Retrieved20 July2024.

[45] Dagan, Carmel (22 January 2024)."Norman Jewison, 'Moonstruck' and 'In the Heat of the Night' Director, Dies at 97".Variety.Retrieved22 January2024.

[46] "Balochistan peacemaker Rahimuddin Khan passes away".The News.23 August 2022.Retrieved20 July2024.

[47] Barker, Dennis (27 May 2013)."Bill Pertwee obituary".The Guardian.Retrieved20 July2024.

[48] Milne, Tom (28 November 2002)."Karel Reisz".The Guardian.Retrieved20 July2024.

[49] Kernfeld, Barry (2003). "Merrill, Helen".Grove Music Online(8th ed.).Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.J298300.ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.

[50] Piras, Marcello (4 October 2012). "Clark, Sonny".Grove Music Online(8th ed.).Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.A2228033.ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.

[51] Owens, Thomas (2003). "Johnson, Plas (John, Jr.)".Grove Music Online(8th ed.).Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.J233800.ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.

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v t e Months and days of the year
Today:October 13,2024[refresh]
January	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
February	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
March	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
April	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
May	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
June	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
July	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
August	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
September	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
October	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
November	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
December	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Related:List of non-standard dates

Su	Mo	Tu	We	Th	Fr	Sa
<<	July					>>
	01	02	03	04	05	06
07	08	09	10	11	12	13
14	15	16	17	18	19	20
21	22	23	24	25	26	27
28	29	30	31
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