Kathiawar
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(March 2014) |
Kathiyawar
Saurashtra | |
|---|---|
 Kathiawar peninsula as seen from theNASA Earth Observatory | |
 Location of Saurashtra in India | |
| Coordinates:22°N71°E/ 22°N 71°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Gujarat |
| Languages | |
| • official | Gujarati |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30(IST) |
Kathiawar([kɑʈʰijɑʋɑɽ]) is apeninsula,near the far north ofIndia's west coast, of about 61,000 km2(23,500 sq mi) bordering theArabian Sea.It is bounded by theGulf of Kutchin the northwest and by theGulf of Khambhatin the east. In the northeast, it is connected to the rest ofGujaratand borders on the low, fertile hinterland ofAhmedabad.It is crossed by two belts of hill country and is drained radially by nine rivers which have little natural flow aside from in monsoon months, thus dams have been built on some of these. Kathiawar ports have been flourishing centres of trade and commerce since at least the 16th century.[1]
Etymology and history[edit]
The name Kathiawad seems to have been derived from the early settlements of Kathikas orKathiswho enteredGujaratfromSindhin early centuries of theCommon Era.[2][3]
History[edit]
Literary comment[edit]
Wikisourcehas original text related to this article:
The state of the region in the early nineteenth century is shown inLetitia Elizabeth Landon's poetical illustration, "Scene in Kattiawar", to an engraving of a painting byClarkson Frederick Stanfield.[4]
Districts in Kathiawad Region[edit]
Geography and ecosystem[edit]
The natural vegetation on most of the peninsula isxeric scrub.A range of low hills known as the Gir Hills occupies the south-central portion of the peninsula. The highest of these isGirnar.The hills are home to an enclave oftropical dry broadleaf forest.[5]
Gir National Parkand its surroundings host the last remainingAsiatic lionpopulation.[6][7]Other national parks in Kathiawar areBlackbuck National Park, Velavadaron the Gulf of Cambay, andMarine National Park, Gulf of Kutch,near Jamnagar.[citation needed]
Antiquity (places: history, archaeology, nature, religion)[edit]
- Dwarika
- Somnath
- Sasan Girand interiors / Kathi territories inAmreli-Bhavnagardistricts
- Vallabhi
- Junagadh
- Shatrunjay Hills,Palitana
- Sihor
- Palitana
- Virpur (Rajkot)andGondal
- Jamnagar&Marine National Park
- Velavadar
- Old cities ofGondal,Wadhvan,Morbi,Wankaner
- Diu, India
Notable characters and figures[edit]
 | This article's list of peoplemay not follow Wikipedia'sverifiabilitypolicy.(October 2013) |
Religion, pre-history, spirituality[edit]
- Sudama–Krishna's friend and a character fromMahabharata
- Baba Balak Nath– One of the legendaryNathsandChaurasi Siddhas
- Neminath– One of theSiddhasand 22nd JainTirthankar
- Narsinh Mehta(1414-1481) – Poet and saint
- Dayanand Saraswati– Hindu religious scholar, reformer, and founder of theArya Samaj
- Jalaram Bapa– A mystic and saint
- Shrimad Rajchandra– A prominent Jain philosopher
- Morari Bapu– Preacher, teacher, thinker
- Ramesh Bhai Ojha(Hindi: रमेश भाई ओझा) – Hindu spiritual leader and preacher of Vedanta Philosophy
- Gangasati– Paanbai & Kahadsinhji Gohil mystic saints nearsamadhiyala
- Kanji Swami– Jain scholar & Saint of Songadh, Also known as "Koh-i-Noor of Kathiawar"
Society, ideology, politics, leadership[edit]
- Mahatma Gandhi– pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India, andFather of Nation
- Muhammad Ali Jinnah– lawyer, politician, statesman and the founder of Pakistan and Pakistani Father of the Nation
- U. N. Dhebar– Freedom fighter during theIndian independence movementand President of the Indian National Congress
- Virchand Gandhi– First Gujarati patriot from Mahuva to visit USA officially and participate in first World Religion Parliament, 1893
- Fatima Jinnah– Mother of Pakistani Nation
- Gangubai Kothewali– Social activist and prostitute
Governance, nobility, reforms, politics[edit]
- Nawab SirMuhammad Mahabat Khan III–BabiofJunagadhstate
- Maharaja Sir Takhtsinhji Gohil of Bhavnagar– Reformist and progressive ruler who constructed theBhavnagar State Railway
- Maharaja Bhagvatsinhji of Gondal– A progressive and enlightened ruler, wroteBhagavadgomandal
- Maharaja Digvijaysinhji Ranjitsinhji Jadeja of Jamnagar- India's first delegate at the League of Nations in 1920, then a UN represtative, Head of Korean War rehabilitation. Sheltered 500 Polish children in his state during WWII;The Good Maharaja
- Maharaja Krishnakumar Sinjhji Gohil– Reformist, progressive and nobleMaharajaofBhavnagar
- Balwantrai Mehta– Freedom fighter, social worker and pioneer of concept of Panchayati Raj
- Jivraj Mehta– Politician, firstChief Minister of Gujarat,aa Surgeon.
Art, literature, poetry, journalism, socialism[edit]
- Jhaverchand Meghani–Litterateur,social reformer and freedom fighter
- Kalaguru Ravishankar Raval– a painter, art teacher, art critic, journalist and essayist
- Dalpatram– Poet of Gujarati literature
- Nanalal Dalpatram Kavi– Author and poet
- Sursinhji Takthasinhji Gohil– Known for poetry andGujarati literature
- Dula Bhaya Kag– Poet, social reformer and freedom fighter
- Amrut Ghayal– Shayar of Gujarati Ghazal
- Kavi Kant– Poet
- Harilal Upadhyay[8]– Author in theGujarati language
- Chunilal Madia– Author, playwright, poet, journalist, editor
- Ghulam Mohammed Sheikh– Painter, writer, art critic
- Rajendra Shukla– Poet
- Ramesh Parekh– Poet
- Ruswa Majhalumi- Imamuddin Murtaza Khan Babi, a Gujarati language poet and a royal of Pajod state.
Sports, adventure[edit]
- K. S. Ranjitsinhji–MaharajaofNawanagar,cricketer
- Kumar Shri Duleepsinhji– Cricketer
- Vinoo Mankad– Cricketer
- Ashok Mankad– Cricketer
- Dilip Doshi– Cricketer
- Karsan Ghavri– Cricketer
- Ashok Patel– Cricketer
- Dhiraj Parsana– Cricketer
- Ajay Jadeja– Cricketer
- Parthiv Patel– Cricketer
- Ravindra Jadeja– Cricketer
- Siddharth Trivedi– Cricketer
- Cheteshwar Pujara– Cricketer
- Jaydev Unadkat– Cricketer
Cinema, entertainment, music, folklore[edit]
- Mohammed Chhel– A magician and aFakir(mystic)
- Vijay Bhatt– Producer, director and screenwriter
- Nanabhai Bhatt– Indian film director and producer; father ofMahesh BhattandMukesh Bhatt
- Dina Pathak– Actor, director ofGujaratitheatre, activist
- Asha Parekh– Actress, director, and producer
- Shahabuddin Rathod– Humorist, writer, teacher
- Parveen Babi–Bollywoodactress
- Dimple Kapadia–Bollywoodactress
- Manhar Udhas– One of the top Ghazalkars
- Pankaj Udhas–Indian singer,Ghazal singer
- Mehul Kumar– Director, producer
- K. Lal– Indian magician
- Alka Yagnik– Singer
- Ben Kingsley– Actor (ancestral roots in Saurashtra)
- Hemant Chauhan– Singer, Bhajanik
- Neeraj Vora– Film director, dialogue writer, actor
- Himesh Reshammiya– Music composer, singer, artist
- Dilip Joshi– Cinema and television actor
- Anjum Rajabali– Screenwriter, actor, producer
- Anand Gandhi– Film director, screenwriter and entrepreneur
- Chhel Vayeda– Art director and production designer
- Pan Nalin– Film director, screenwriter and documentary maker
- Sanjay Chhel– Film director, writer and lyricist
Business, industry, innovation, entrepreneurship, philanthropy[edit]
- Vishal Patel- hotelier, busiest man in America
- Nanji Kalidas Mehta– Industrialist and philanthropist
- Muljibhai Madhvani– Businessman, entrepreneur, industrialist and philanthropist
- Nautamlal Bhagavanji Mehta– Freedom fighter, businessman
- Dhirubhai Ambani– Indian business magnate and entrepreneur who founded Reliance Industries
- Abdul Gaffar Billoo– Pakistanipediatric endocrinologistand philanthropist
- Ahmed Dawood– Industrialist and philanthropist
- Sam Pitroda– Inventor, entrepreneur and policymaker
- Tulsi Tanti– Chairman and managing director ofSuzlon Energy
- Abdul Sattar Edhi– Founded Edhi Foundation helping poor and needy
History and culture[edit]
- Prince Vijaya– Exiled prince ofSihorcolonising Sri Lanka
- Ra Navghan– Historical character duringSolankiperiod
- Devayat Bodar- Historical warrior and savior ofRa Navghan
- Kadu Makrani– Insurgent of theIndian rebellion of 1857
- Mohkam Singh– one of thepunj pyareof Sikh religion, was born in Dwarka
See also[edit]
- Bhagavadgomandal
- Gir Cattle or Gir Gaay
- Kathiawari Horse Breed
- Maurya Empire
- Memons (Kathiawar)
- Ranji Trophy
- Railways in Kathiawar
- Saurashtra Kingdom
- Saurashtra language
- State Bank of Saurashtra
References[edit]
- ^Trivedi, A. B. (1943).Kathiawar economics(PDF).Bombay: AB Trivedi, Khalra College.
- ^Indica.Heras Institute of Indian History and Culture, St. Xavier's College. 1970. p. 9.
- ^Gupta, Parmanand (1977).Geographical Names in Ancient Indian Inscriptions.Concept Publishing Company. p. 64.
- ^Landon, Letitia Elizabeth (1834). "picture and poetical illustration".Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1835.Fisher, Son & Co.
- ^"Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests".Terrestrial Ecoregions.World Wildlife Fund.Accessed 16 September 2020.
- ^Singh, H. S.; Gibson, L. (2011)."A conservation success story in the otherwise dire megafauna extinction crisis: The Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica) of Gir forest "(PDF).Biological Conservation.144(5): 1753–1757.Bibcode:2011BCons.144.1753S.doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.02.009.
- ^Singh, H. S. (2017)."Dispersion of the Asiatic lionPanthera leo persicaand its survival in human-dominated landscape outside the Gir forest, Gujarat, India ".Current Science.112(5): 933–940.doi:10.18520/cs/v112/i05/933-940.
- ^"A Few Words about Shri Harilal Upadhyay"
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain:Chisholm, Hugh,ed. (1911). "Kathiawar".Encyclopædia Britannica(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
External links[edit]
| Topics |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Regions of Gujarat | ||
| Districts | ||
| Major cities | ||
| Ecoregions | ||
| Economy | ||
