Kraton (Indonesia)
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Kratonorkeraton(Javanese:ꦏꦿꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ or ꦏꦼꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀) is a type of royalpalaceinJava,Indonesia.Its name is derived from the Javaneseka-ratu-an,meaning residence of theratu,the traditional honorific title for a monarch. In Java, the palace of a prince is calledpuraordalem,while the general word for palace isistana,which is identical toMalay.
Specific palaces
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Kraton that function as the residence of aroyal familyinclude:
- Yogyakarta(Jogja) region
- Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat(Palace of Sultan Hamengkubuwono).
- Pura Pakualaman(Palace of Adipati Pakualam).
- Surakarta(Solo) region
- Kraton Surakarta Hadiningrat(Palace of Susuhunan Pakubuwono).
- Pura Mangkunegaran(Palace of Adipati Mangkunegara).
- Cirebonarea
- Kraton Kasepuhan(Palace of Sultan Sepuh).
- Kraton Kanoman(Palace of Sultan Anom).
- Kraton Kacirebonan(Palace of Sultan Cirebon).
- Kraton Kaprabonan(id) (Palace of Sultan Prabon).
Historical palaces
[edit]The locations of the formerkratonhave been determined by historical records or archaeological efforts. Formerkratoninclude:
- Kraton Ratu Boko[1]in the east of Yogyakarta, in thePrambananarea. The structure dates from the 9th century and is thought to belong to theSailendraorMataram Kingdom.However, local inhabitants named this site afterKing Boko,the legendary king inLoro Jongrang folklore.[2]
- Kraton of Majapahit inTrowulan,Mojokerto, the capital of the formerMajapahit.Sites such as Pendopo Agung Majapahit are thought to be remnants of the Kraton of Majapahit.[3]
Inthe Bantenregion, there are remnants of theSultanate of Banten's palaces:
- Kraton Surosowan, Banten, the former royal palace of the Sultanate of Banten.[4]
- Kraton Kaibon, the former palace of Queen Mother.[5]
In Surakarta and Yogyakarta regions, there are remnants ofthe Sultanate of Matarampalaces:
- Kota Gederemains of a palace from the 16th century.
- Karta andPleredremains of palaces from the 17th century.
- Kraton Kartasura on the outskirts of Surakarta remains of palace and city wall, also dated from the 17th century.
Metonymic use
[edit]The term kraton 'palace' is also used as a way to refer to the court which it houses.
This is especially the case for native Indonesian states where the succession is disputed, giving issue to two or more branches of the dynasty, or even rivaling dynasties, each setting up an alternative court while competing for the same state, but generally only controlling part of it.
An example is the West-Javan state ofCirebon,which was founded in 1478 and since 1662 was ruled from three Kraton (palaces):[6]
- Kraton Kasepuhan, using as the ruler's styleSultan
- Kraton Kanoman, style Sultan
- Kraton Kacirebonan, style Sultan
See also
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- List of palaces
- Istana
- Cirebon
- Yogyakarta
- Surakarta
- Crown jewelsfor current palaces outside of Java but inIndonesia
- List of Indonesian monarchies
- Palaces
Notes
[edit]- ^http:// yogyes /en/yogyakarta-tourism-object/candi/ratu-boko/King Boko Palace
- ^http:// jogjatrip /en/173/ratu-boko-templeArchived2017-12-01 at theWayback MachineRatu Boko Temple
- ^seeTrowulan#The Majapahit Parkandhttp://theartnewspaper /articles/Indonesian-minister-of-culture-s-public-apology-for-destruction-of-archaeological-site/17112
- ^"Archived copy".Archived fromthe originalon 2011-02-18.Retrieved2010-12-26.
{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^"Budaya: Istana Kaibon".
- ^"Cirebon: Palaces".
References
[edit]- Miksic, John N.(general ed.), et al. (2006)Karaton Surakarta. A look into the court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, central Java(First published: 'By the will of His Serene Highness Paku Buwono XII'. Surakarta: Yayasan Pawiyatan Kabudayan Karaton Surakarta, 2004) Marshall Cavendish Editions SingaporeISBN981-261-226-2
External links
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