Jump to content

Khost rebellion (1912)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Khost rebellion (1912)
Date2 May[note 1]– 14 August 1912[note 2]
(3 months and 2 days)
Location
Khost,Emirate of Afghanistan
Result Government victory
Belligerents
Emirate of Afghanistan

Rebel tribes

Commanders and leaders
 Jehandad Khan
Strength
4,000 regulars[7]
18,000 tribesmen[7]		 unknown

TheKhost rebellionwas a rebellion inKhostthat took place in 1912 in theEmirate of Afghanistan,and was the only serious crisis during the reign ofHabibullah Khan.[8]

Its causes laid in the "rapacity and exactions"[8]of Muhammad Akbar Khan, the local governor of the Khost district.[2]The rebellion, which was led byJehandad Khan,[2]began on 2 May 1912,[note 1]whenMangalandJadrantribesmen inKhost,Afghanistanrose up,[1]quickly overwhelmed various isolated garrisons,[2]and besieged Muhammad Akbar at Matun.[1]Later that month, they were joined by theGhilzai.[8]Understanding the danger posed by the revolt, Habibullah sentMuhammad Nadir Khanto quell the rebellion.[2]Alongside regular infantry, Nadir was also aided byTajiklevies who were unlikely to show any sympathy to the rebels.[2]In the British Raj, tribesmen of theKurram Districtwere restricted from entering Afghanistan to aid the revolt.[3]

Muhammad Akbar eventually managed to break out of his besieged fort.[2]By the end of May, Nadir had forced the rebels to sue for peace, and Jehandad Khan had fled to theBritish Raj,where he unsuccessfully lobbied for a British intervention.[2]On 13 June, the rebellion was reported to be subsiding,[1]and peace negotiations were going on in that same month.[2]However, peace negotiations broke down, and in June 1912 fighting resumed.[2]It ended on 14 August 1912,[note 2]when the rebels surrendered after concessions were unexpectedly given by Afghan authorities,[8]which included the replacement of Muhammad Akbar Khan by a new governor,[2]Dost Muhammad.[9]Habibullah's decision to show clemency to the rebels laid in a desire to conciliate enemies inherited from his predecessors, and the understanding that his acceptance of western ideas and encouragement of modern technical improvements had undermined his own popularity.[8]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ab2 May 1912 is the start date used byEncyclopædia Britannica,[1]but W. Hale[2]and theSummary of the Administration of Lord Hardinge of Penhurst, November 1910 – March 1916[3]say that it started in March 1912.
  2. ^ab14 August 1912 is the end date used byEncyclopædia Britannica,[1]but theHistorical Dictionary of Afghanistanstates that the rebellion was suppressed in December.[4]W. Hale says that peace was restored "by the end of July".[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdeChisholm, Hugh (1913).Britannica Year-book, 1913 -: A Survey of the World's Progress Since the Completion in 1910 of the Encyclopaedia Britannica.Encyclopaedia Britannica.**A wikilink to an article on [Afghanistan] in EB1922 is not available**
  2. ^abcdefghijklHale, W. (1966).AFGHANISTAN, BRITAIN AND RUSSIA 1905 - 21.pp. 16, 17, 18.
  3. ^abSummary of the Administration of Lord Hardinge of Penhurst, November 1910 – March 1916.p. 93.
  4. ^abAdamec, Ludwig W. (2012).Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan.Scarecrow Press. p. 294.ISBN9780810878150.MUHAMMAD NADIR SHAH (1883–1933). King of Afghanistan, 1929–1933, the son of Sardar Muhammad Yusuf Khan, he embarked on a military career. Appointed a brigadier in 1906, he was promoted to lieutenant general (naib salar) for his services in suppressing the Mangal Revolt in December 1912.
  5. ^Adamec, Ludwig W. (1975).Historical and Political Who's who of Afghanistan.Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt. p. 194.ISBN9783201009218.
  6. ^Clements, Frank; Adamec, Ludwig W. (2003).Conflict in Afghanistan: A Historical Encyclopedia.ABC-CLIO. p. 156.ISBN9781851094028.
  7. ^abRoy, Kaushik (2015-02-12).War and Society in Afghanistan: From the Mughals to the Americans, 1500–2013.Oxford University Press.ISBN9780199089444.In 1912, there was an uprising in Khost, and Amir Habibullah suppressed it with 4,000 regulars and 18,000 tribesmen.
  8. ^abcdeThe Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature & General Information; the Three New Supplementary Volumes Constituting with the Volumes of the Latest Standard Edition, the Thirteenth Edition.Encyclopaedia Britannica, Company, Limited. 1926. p. 46.**A wikilink to an article on [Afghanistan] in EB1922 is not available**
  9. ^Adamec, Ludwig (1975)."Who's Who of Afghanistan"(PDF).docshare04.docshare.tips.p. 133.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khost_rebellion_(1912)&oldid=1225519704"