Kingdome
King County Stadium | |
![]() | |
![]() Exterior of the Kingdome from the north parking lot in 1996 | |
![]() | |
Full name | King County Stadium |
---|---|
Address | 201 South King Street |
Location | Seattle,Washington,U.S. |
Coordinates | 47°35′43″N122°19′53″W/ 47.59528°N 122.33139°W |
Public transit | ![]() |
Parking | ~1,100 spaces |
Owner | King County |
Operator | King County Department of Stadium Administration |
Executive suites | 46 |
Capacity | Baseball:59,166 Football:66,000 Basketball:40,000 ![]() |
Surface | AstroTurf |
Scoreboard | Diamond Vision |
Construction | |
Broke ground | November 2, 1972 |
Opened | March 27, 1976 |
Closed | January 9, 2000 |
Demolished | March 26, 2000 |
Construction cost | $67 million ($359 million in 2023 dollars[1]) |
Architect | Naramore,Skilling &Praeger |
Structural engineer | Skilling, Helle, Christiansen & Robertson, Inc.[2] |
General contractor | Donald M. Drake Company (1972–74) Peter Kiewit Sons Construction Company(1974–76)[3] |
Tenants | |
Seattle Seahawks(NFL) (1976–1999) Seattle Sounders(NASL) (1976–1983) Seattle Mariners(MLB) (1977–1999) Seattle SuperSonics(NBA) (1978–1985) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Map_of_Pioneer_Square_Historic_District_-_cleaned_and_corrected.jpg/250px-Map_of_Pioneer_Square_Historic_District_-_cleaned_and_corrected.jpg)
TheKingdome(officially theKing County Stadium)[4][note 1]was amulti-purpose stadiumlocated in theIndustrial District(laterSoDo)[7]neighborhood ofSeattle,Washington,United States. Owned and operated byKing County,it was best known as the home stadium of theSeattle Seahawksof theNational Football League(NFL) and theSeattle MarinersofMajor League Baseball(MLB); it was also home to theSeattle SuperSonicsof theNational Basketball Association( NBA ) (from 1978 to 1985) and additionally served as both the homeoutdoorandindoorvenue for theSeattle Soundersof theNorth American Soccer League(NASL). The Kingdome measured 660 feet (200 m) wide from its inside walls.[8]
The idea of constructing a covered stadium for amajor leaguefootballorbaseballteam was first proposed to Seattle officials in 1959. Voters rejected separate measures to approvepublic fundingfor such a stadium in 1960 and 1966, but the outcome was different in 1968; King County voters approved the issue of $40 million inmunicipal bondsto construct the stadium. Construction began in 1972 and the stadium opened in1976as the home of the Sounders and Seahawks.[9]The Mariners moved in thefollowing year,and the SuperSonics moved in theyear after that,only to move back to theSeattle Center Coliseumin 1985. The stadium hosted several major sports events, including theSoccer Bowlin August1976,thePro Bowlin January1977,theMajor League Baseball All-Star Gamein July1979,theNBA All-Star Gamein1987,and theNCAA Final Fourin1984,1989,and1995.
During the 1990s, the Seahawks' and Mariners' respective ownership groups began to question the suitability of the Kingdome as a venue for each team, threatening to relocate unless new, publicly funded stadiums were built. An issue was that neither team saw their shared tenancy as profitable; both teams also questioned the integrity of the stadium's roof as highlighted by the collapse of ceiling tiles onto the seating area before a scheduled Mariners game in 1994. As a result, public funding packages for new, purpose-built stadiums for the Mariners and Seahawks were respectively approved in 1995 and 1997.
The Mariners moved to Safeco Field, now known asT-Mobile Park,midway through the 1999 season, and the Seahawks temporarily moved toHusky Stadiumafter the1999 season.On March 26, 2000, the Kingdome was demolished byimplosion.The Seahawks' new stadium, now known asLumen Field,was built on the site and opened in2002.King County finally paid off the bonds used to build and repair the Kingdome in 2015, fifteen years after its demolition.[10]
Concept and construction
[edit]In 1959, SeattlerestaurateurDavid L. Cohn wrote a letter to theSeattle City Councilsuggesting the city needed a covered stadium for amajor professional sportsfranchise.[11][12]A domed stadium was thought to be a must because of Seattle's frequent rain. At the time, the city hadHusky StadiumandSick's Stadiumforcollegefootballandminor league baseball,respectively, but both were deemed inadequate for a major league team.[11]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Proposed_floating_stadium%2C_1963.gif/220px-Proposed_floating_stadium%2C_1963.gif)
In 1960,King Countycommissioners placed a $15 millionbondissue measure on the ballot to fund construction of a stadium, but voters on November 8 defeated it with only 48 percent approval because of doubt the stadium could be built within that budget, and lack of a guarantee the city would have a team to play in the stadium.[11][13]By 1966, theNational Football Leagueand theAmerican Leaguewere both considering granting the city anexpansion franchise,and as a result, theKing County Councilplaced another bond issue measure on the ballot for a September vote. While it received 51.5 percent approval, it did not reach the 60 percent required to proceed; the requirement was due to a 1932 initiative that mandated a supermajority for tax levies over 40mills.[11][14][15]
In 1967, the American League granted Seattle anexpansionfranchise that would be known as theSeattle Pilots.The league clearly stated Sick's Stadium was not adequate as a major-league stadium, and stipulated that as a condition of being awarded the franchise, bonds had to be issued to fund construction of a domed stadium that had to be completed by 1970; additionally, the capacity at Sick's Stadium had to be expanded from 11,000 to 30,000 byOpening Day1969, when the team was scheduled to begin playing. The Pilots were supposed to begin play in 1971 along with theKansas City Royals.However, whenSenatorStuart SymingtonofMissourigot wind of those plans, he demanded both teams begin play in 1969. The American League had birthed the Royals and Pilots as a result of theKansas City Athleticsmoving toOakland,and Symington would not accept the prospect ofKansas Citywaiting three years for baseball's return.[16]
On February 13, 1968, King County voters approved the issue of $40 million in bonds to fund construction of the "King County Multipurpose Domed Stadium" with 62 percent in favor; it was part of theForward Thrustgroup ofbondpropositions that, among other items, had a regionalrapid transitsystem rejected.[11][17]That year, a committee considered over 100 sites throughout Seattle and King County for the stadium; they unanimously decided the best site would be on the grounds ofSeattle Center,site of the1962 World's Fair.Community members decried the idea, claiming the committee was influenced by special interest groups.[14][18][19]
The Pilots began play as planned in1969,but Sick's Stadium proved to be a problematic venue for fans, media, and visiting players alike. The Pilots only drew 677,000 fans that season, not nearly enough to break even. It soon became apparent that the Pilots would not survive long enough to move to their new stadium without new ownership. It was also obvious that the timetable for a new stadium would have to be significantly advanced, as Sick's Stadium was completely unsuitable even for temporary use. However, a petition by stadium opponents brought the dome project to a halt. The Pilots' ownership group ran out of money by the end of the season, and with the stadium plans in limbo, the team was forced to declarebankruptcy.Despite efforts by Seattle-area businessmen to buy the team as well as an attempt to keep the team in Seattle through the court system, the Pilots were sold toMilwaukeebusinessmanBud Selig,who relocated the team to Milwaukee and renamed it theMilwaukee Brewersa week before the start of the1970 season.[14][20]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/55/Kingdome_under_construction_-_1973.jpg/220px-Kingdome_under_construction_-_1973.jpg)
The push to build the domed stadium continued despite the lack of a major league sports team to occupy it. In May 1970 voters rejected the proposal to build the stadium at Seattle Center.[19][21]From 1970 to 1972, the commission studied the feasibility and economic impact of building the stadium on King Street adjacent toPioneer Squareand theInternational District—a site that ranked at the bottom when the commission originally narrowed the field of possible sites in 1968.[19]This drew sharp opposition primarily from the International District community, which feared the impact of the stadium on neighborhood businesses located east of the site. The King Street site was approved 8–1 by the county council in late 1971,[22]and the groundbreaking ceremony in 1972 was held on November 2.[23]Several protesters attended the ceremony, disrupted the speakers, and at one point threw mud balls at them.[19][23]
In bidding for construction of the stadium, which had separate offers for the dome and the rest of the stadium, Donald M. Drake Construction Company ofPortland, Oregon,was the winning contractor for both with respective bids of $28.9 million and $5.9 million.Peter Kiewit Sons Construction Companywas the only other bidder, offering $30.57 million for the stadium and $5.8 million for the roof; the latter came with the caveat of the company using its own design consultant.[24]To help alleviate tension between the International District community and county officials, Drake emphasized the hiring of minorities, with minorities eventually representing 13 percent of the workers at the site; acommunity centerand a shelter were also built in the neighborhood. However, the stadium's construction encountered numerous issues; in January 1973, six support beams for the roof were toppled as one or two of them buckled, bringing down the others in adomino effect.By January 1974, the stadium reached 50 percent completion; only reaching 60 percent completion in July, it was clear that Drake would not reach the December deadline at that point. It was also apparent that Drake was ill-prepared to work on a project with such scale, with numerous errors, delays, and short-staffing slowing down construction. Efforts to renegotiate the contract failed, and on November 22, Drake stopped work on the Kingdome. The county fired Drake on December 10, bringing in Kiewit to finish construction on the stadium.[3][25]
On December 5, 1974, the NFL awarded Seattle an expansion franchise to occupy the new stadium; the team was later named theSeattle Seahawks.[11][26]Construction lasted another two years, and the stadium held an opening ceremony on March 27, 1976.[19][27]It hosted its first professional sporting event two weeks later on April 9, an exhibitionsoccergame between theSeattle SoundersandNew York Cosmosof theNASL.It set a record for the largest soccer audience in North America at 58,120.[28]The stadium was finished at $20 million over budget, with part of the cost overrun covered by a $12.8 million out-of-court settlement in 1980 between the county and Drake's liability insurers.[29]
Surface
[edit]Like virtually all other multi-purpose stadiums, the Kingdome featuredAstroTurfartificial turffor its playing surface, with its baseball configuration featuring dirt sliding pits around each base.[30][31]When it was constructed, artificial turf was considered a must because the roof was likely to inhibit the growth of natural grass, like theAstrodome's roof.[32]
The AstroTurf surface was first replaced in July 1983 during the MLB All-Star break;Monsanto,the then-owner of AstroTurf, won the turf replacement contract overSuperTurf(then used by the Metrodome) with a bid of $1.2 million.[33][34]By request of the Mariners and Seahawks, it was replaced again in October and December 1990 at a cost of $2.56 million; the previous surface was sold off thereafter, with 25 rolls of it sold to the Tacoma Dome for $108,200.[35][36]A strip 40 feet by 4 inches was ripped off left field near second base during afield invasionby celebrating fans after the Mariners won theAL West tiebreaker gamein 1995; it was replaced before the first Mariners home game in the ALDS.[37]
Before the 1990 replacement, the AstroTurf surface was converted from baseball to football configuration via the covering of the infield with turf strips; a one-piece surface was placed over the infield after the conclusion of the Mariners season.[38]The surface was attached together via bothVelcroandZiplocfasteners.[39]After the 1990 replacement, separate surfaces were installed for each team; the Seahawks specifically wanted a stiffer variation of AstroTurf. The replacement surfaces were attached together viazippers.[38]
The underlying base of the surface wasasphalt,with the AstroTurf essentially consisting of a carpet on top of a pad with respective thicknesses of one-half inch and five-eights inch.[32]Lumps, holes, and ridges were also present in the surface along with gaps within its seams.[40]These factors combined to create a playing surface that was despised by both football and baseball players alike; after the 1998 season, a survey by theNFL Players Associationfound that 56.7 percent of Seahawks players rated the surface as "poor" or "fair", and was the worst-rated one in theAFC West.[40][41]
Injuries from playing at the Kingdome and its contemporaries occurred more often compared to stadiums with natural grass.[42]Of note, Seahawks running backsSherman SmithandCurt Warnerrespectively suffered season-ending knee injuries in 1980 and 1984 during games at the Kingdome; additionally, the Kingdome's surface is partly blamed forKen Griffey Jr.'s subsequent injuries and decline in performance after the Mariners traded him to theCincinnati Redsat the end of the 1999 season.[43][44][45]
Football
[edit]Seahawks
[edit]The expansionSeattle Seahawksof theNational Football League(NFL) played their first game ever on August 1,1976,a preseason game against theSan Francisco 49ersat the Kingdome in which they lost 27–20 before a crowd of 60,825.[46]The Seahawks' first regular season game was against theSt. Louis Cardinalsat the Kingdome on September 12. The Cardinals defeated the Seahawks, 30–24, with 58,441 fans in attendance.[47]At the end of that season, the venue hosted thePro Bowl,the NFL's all-star game, on January 17, 1977.[48]
The Seahawks hostedMonday Night Footballgames at the Kingdome twelve times in their history and were 9–3 in those games. The Seahawks and theOakland/Los Angeles Raidersplayed five Monday Night games in the Kingdome in the 1980s with Seattle holding a 3–2 edge including a 37–0 blowout victory in 1986.[49]The next year, in1987,Bo Jacksonof theLos Angeles Raidersrushed for 221 yards, the most ever on MNF, and scored 2 touchdowns. One of his scores was a 91-yard touchdown and the other was a historic plowing intoSeahawkshigh-profile rookie linebackerBrian "The Boz" Bosworth.
The Seahawks regularly sold out games at the Kingdome from its inception and throughout the 1980s; 117 consecutive regular-season home games were sold out between1979and1993.However, afterKen Behringtook over ownership of the team from theNordstromfamily in1988,the team began to decline in performance; after winning theAFC Westthat year, it suffered a franchise-worst 2–14 record in1992.Season ticket sales, which had reached 62,000 that year with a waiting list of 30,000, gradually decreased to 46,000 in1995,with the team averaging 46,218 in attendance over five games at the Kingdome in1994;as a result, the Seahawks began failing to sell out games, resulting in theirblackoutin theSeattle market.After the blackout of the October 24, 1993 game versus theNew England Patriots,one more game was blacked out that year, with five games blacked out the following year;KING-TV,which as Seattle'sNBCaffiliate was the Seahawks' local broadcast home at the time, prevented further blackouts by purchasing all remaining unsold tickets for three games in 1993 and two games in 1994.[50]
In the Seahawks' heyday, the Kingdome was known as one of the loudest stadiums in the league. Opposing teams were known to practice withjet enginesounds blaring at full blast to prepare for the painfully high decibel levels typical of Seahawks games.[51]It was where Seahawks fans, who were long called "the12th Man"and led the Seahawks to retire the number 12 in honor of them in1984,made their reputation as one of the most ravenous fan bases in the NFL, a reputation that has carried over to what is now Lumen Field.[50]The Kingdome's reputation contributed to the NFL's1989vote in favor of enacting a rule penalizing home teams for excessive crowd noise; it was especially loathed by Seahawks fans during preseason games, with fan displeasure throughout the league leading commissionerPete Rozelleto soften enforcement of the rule before the start of the regular season.[52]Raucous Seahawk fans at the Kingdome were also some of the earliest performers ofThe Wave.[53]
The city of Seattle made numerous bids to host theSuper Bowlduring the Seahawks' tenure at the Kingdome. However, despite five bids over 12 years, the Kingdome was never awarded the opportunity to host a Super Bowl; its closest chance was in 1989 forSuper Bowl XXVI,which was awarded to theHubert H. Humphrey MetrodomeinMinneapolis,Minnesota.[54][55]In its 1982 bid forSuper Bowl XIX,theSeattle City Councilvoted to givetax exemptionsto the NFL if the league selected the Kingdome to host the game.[56]
The Seahawks played their final game at the Kingdome on January 9,2000,suffering a first-round playoff loss to theMiami Dolphinsin their first playoff appearance since the 1988 season. The Dolphins scored a fourth-quarter touchdown to win 20–17; it marked the first home playoff loss for the Seahawks as well as the first road playoff win in 28 years for the Dolphins.[57][58]It was the last NFL victory forHall of FamequarterbackDan Marinoand head coachJimmy Johnson,and it was also the last event the Kingdome ever hosted before its implosion.[59][60]The Seahawks had an overall record of 101–83 (.549) in the Kingdome, and were 2–1 in the postseason.[61]
Amateur
[edit]College
[edit]The first football (andcollege footballby extension) game played in the Kingdome occurred just after it opened in 1976, when theWashington Huskiesvarsity team won 10–7 against a team of Husky alumni on May 1 before 20,470 fans.[62][63]The Huskies looked into temporarily renting the Kingdome for the1987 seasonwhen the north grandstand ofHusky Stadiumcollapsed during construction on February 25; however, the Kingdome was ultimately not needed as the grandstand was completed in time for the team's first home game against theStanford Cardinalon September 5.[64][65](Seven years later, theSeattle Seahawkswould use Husky Stadium as their home field during the first half of the1994 seasonwhilethe Kingdome's ceiling was under repair.)
The Kingdome also hosted a game between theWashington State CougarsandUSC Trojanson October 9, 1976.[66]With 37,268 in attendance, USC running backRicky Bellrushed for 346 yards and set thePac-8single-game rushing record; the Trojans won by nine points,23–14.[67][68][69]In 1994, under then-new athletic directorRick Dickson,the Cougars flirted with the idea of hosting an additional home game at the Kingdome starting in 1997; however, the plan never came to fruition.[70]
In the late 1970s, the Kingdome hosted both instances of aPacific-10 Conferenceall-star game called the Challenge Bowl; the bowl, sponsored by theOlympia Brewing Company,pitted an all-star team of Pac-10 players against a similar team from another conference. The Pac-10 went undefeated with a 27–20 victory (as the Pac-8) over theBig Tenon January 15, 1978, and a 36–23 victory over theBig Eighton January 13, 1979.[47]
During the same period, theUniversity of Puget Sound LoggersandPacific Lutheran University Lutesalso faced off at the Kingdome twice; the Loggers won both contests, defeating the Lutes 23–21 on September 17, 1977, with 13,167 in attendance, and then defeating them again 27–14 on September 23, 1978, before a crowd of 8,329.[71][72]The 1977 game set a series attendance record at the time.[73]
Other levels
[edit]The stadium also hosted the annualWIAAhigh school footballstate championships in an event called theKingbowlfrom 1977 through 1994;[74][75]the title games were moved to theTacoma Domein nearby Tacoma in 1995.[76][77]
The Seattle and Tacoma Police Departments played a yearly game named theBacon Bowlto raise money for charity from 1980 to 2005; the Kingdome hosted it from the beginning until 1982, then had a one-off in 1985 during a nine-year span in which the Tacoma Dome hosted the rest of the games. The Kingdome hosted the game again from 1992 to 1994 before it returned to the Tacoma Dome; the game came back for one final time in 1999 before the stadium was demolished.[78][79][80]
Baseball
[edit]Shortly after the Pilots' departure for Milwaukee, the city of Seattle, King County, and the state of Washington sued theAmerican League,claiming abreach of contract.The league agreed to grant Seattle another franchise in exchange for dropping the lawsuit, and the team that would later be known as theSeattle Marinerswas born.[81]
The Mariners held their first game in franchise history at the Kingdome on April 6,1977,against theCalifornia Angels.The Angels shut out the Mariners 7–0 in front of a sellout crowd of 57,762.[82][83]The first pitch was a strike thrown by the Mariners'Diego SeguítoJerry Remy.[82][84][note 2]In the top of the first inning,Don Baylorregistered the first hit at the stadium with a double that scored Remy, who had stolen second and third base after drawing a walk from Seguí.[82]The Mariners' first batter,Dave Collins,struck out; however, the next batter,José Báez,singled for the franchise's first ever hit.[82][86]The first home run at the venue was hit in the top of the third inning byJoe Rudi;designated hitterJuan Bernhardtscored the Mariners' first home run in their fifth game at the Kingdome on April 10.[82][87][88]The Mariners had their first win at the Kingdome and team history two games after the opener (they were also shut out in their second game 2–0), defeating the Angels 7–6 on April 8 via a walk-off double fromLarry Milbourne.[87][89]The venue hosted theAll-Star GameonJuly 17, 1979.[90]
The Kingdome was somewhat problematic as a baseball venue. Foul territory was quite large, and seats in the upper deck as far as 617 feet (188 m) from home plate.[91]Part of the problem was that the Kingdome was not a multipurpose stadium in the truest sense. Instead, it was built as a football stadium that could convert into a baseball stadium. For instance, most fans in the outfield seats on the 300 level were unable to see parts of right and center field; these areas were not part of the football playing field.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/10_inside_kindome.jpg/220px-10_inside_kindome.jpg)
For most of the Mariners' first 18 years, their poor play (they did not have a winning season until1991) combined with the Kingdome's design, led to poor attendance. Some writers and fans called it "the Tomb" (because of its gray concrete and lack of noise) and "PugetPuke. "[91]After their inaugural home opener, the Mariners didn't have another sellout for the next 1,018 home games until their1990home opener on April 13.[81][92]At one point the Mariners covered seats in the upper decks in right and right-center with a tarp in order to make the stadium feel "less empty".[93]Additionally, the Kingdome's acoustics created problems for stadium announcers, who had to deal with significant echo issues.[94]However, when the team's fortunes began to change in the mid-1990s and they began drawing larger crowds, especially in the post-season, the noise created an electric atmosphere and gave the home team a distinct advantage similar to the effect on football games.[95]The average attendance of 22,064 in 1995 was the lowest in three years with the removal of nine home games for the season, but when put in perspective, it was still higher compared to any of the Mariners' first 14 seasons.[96]
Despite its cavernous interior, the Kingdome's field dimensions were relatively small. It had a reputation as a hitter's park, especially in the 1990s whenKen Griffey Jr.,Edgar Martínez,Jay Buhner,Alex Rodriguez,and other sluggers played there.[97][98]
The large number of in-play objects—speakers, roof support wires and streamers—contributed to an "arena baseball" feel.[99]The Kingdome was somewhat improved in1982with the addition of a 23-foot (7.0 m) wall in right field nicknamed the "Walla Walla" (afterthe cityin southeastern Washington); a nearly $100,000Daktronicsout-of-town scoreboard was later installed on it in 1990.[83][100][101]In1990and1991,the moving of home plate closer to the backstop, the addition of box seats down the third base line and the removal of a few rows of seats in left field reduced foul territory and made the outfield dimensions longer and asymmetrical.[93][102]
In its early years, the outfield was symmetrical with a uniform wall height: deep in center, and short elsewhere. For the All-Star Game in 1979, center field was 410 feet (120 m), power alleys were 357 feet (109 m), and the foul lines were 316 feet (96 m);[90]the unpadded wall was green with a top yellow stripe, approximately twelve feet (3.7 m) in height and did not have the power alley distances listed on it.[103]Down the lines, the distance was also listed infathoms(52.7 fm), presumably to maintain a nautical theme in line with the team name; however, this practice was ditched after the1980 season.[83]Like the Kingdome's contemporaries, thebullpenswere located in foul territory adjacent to the baselines and the stands.[104][105]
The longest game in the Kingdome took place on July 30,1998,when theCleveland Indiansdefeated the Mariners 9–8 in 17 innings via a three-run homer fromManny RamirezoffBob Wells;Paul Shueystaved off a comeback by the Mariners in the bottom of the inning to end the game the next morning after five hours and 23 minutes.[106][107]
The most noteworthy baseball game in the Kingdome's history took place on October 8,1995;in therubber gameof theALDS,the Mariners defeated theNew York Yankees6–5 in 11 innings in front of 57,411 raucous fans. In the bottom of the 11th, Martinezdoubled to left,sendingJoey Coraand Griffey home with the winning runs and vaulting the Mariners into theALCSfor the first time in franchise history.[81]
On May 2,1996,a game at the Kingdome between the Mariners and theCleveland Indianswas suspended in the bottom of the seventh inning because of a minorearthquake.The earthquake, estimated at a magnitude of 5.3 to 5.4, occurred during a pitching change as Indians'pitcherOrel Hershiserwas walking off the mound following a home run byEdgar Martínez.[108][109]After an inspection by engineers, the game was continued the next evening, resulting in a 6–4 win for the Indians.[110]
Seguí, who retired from professional baseball after the 1977 season, was invited by the Mariners to throw the ceremonial last pitch after the final Mariners game at the Kingdome in 1999. However, while they were able to make the tickets and reservations for Seguí, a payment mix-up prevented him from boarding the flight out ofKansas City International Airporton the day of the game; the incident made him irate such that he refused to visit Seattle again until2012,when he was invited as part of the Mariners' 35th anniversary celebration.[111]Despite the disappointment from Seguí's son, then-Mariners first basemanDavid Segui,the ceremony went on as planned; David's son, then-seven-year-old Cory Segui, threw the last pitch toBob Stinson,who was the Mariners' catcher in their first game.[112]
In1989,Griffey Jr. hit a home run in his first-ever plate appearance at the Kingdome on April 10. On June 27,1999,Griffey Jr. hit the last home run ever at the Kingdome against theTexas Rangers.[113]The Mariners played 1,755 games at the Kingdome, compiling an overall home record of 852–903 (.485) during their 22½-season tenure there.[114]
Basketball
[edit]SuperSonics
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Kingdome_usage%2C_1980_%2832523178267%29.jpg/220px-Kingdome_usage%2C_1980_%2832523178267%29.jpg)
Besides the Mariners and Seahawks, the stadium also hosted theSeattle SuperSonicsof theNational Basketball Association( NBA ) for seven seasons. The SuperSonics, having previously played at theSeattle Center Coliseum,announced on July 29, 1977, that they intended to move into the Kingdome for the1978–79 seasonafter the expiration of their contract with the city of Seattle, the owner of the Coliseum; the team pushed for a move to the Kingdome after the city balked at a $30 million plan to expand the Coliseum to 20,000 seats the previous year.[115]On August 22, theKing County Councilvoted 7–2 to approve a 17-year lease with the SuperSonics, with the agreement signed the following day.[116]The following week, the council unanimously voted on August 29 to spend $1.5 million on improvements to the Kingdome in preparation for the team; the team would pay the same amount over the first seven years as part of the agreement.[117]Additional terms of the agreement had the SuperSonics pay the county 10 percent of ticket sale proceeds (not including admissions taxes) and $2,539 in personnel costs per game; the county additionally kept all game concession and parking revenue.[115]On the same day as the agreement signing, longtime Kingdome critic Frank Ruano filed a referendum petition in an attempt to halt the move, but he announced on September 17 that he would withdraw support from the petition for lack of support.[116][118]
While the SuperSonics had played a few games at the Kingdome over the previous two seasons, their full-time tenancy required the addition of 5,000 portable stadium seats added onto the floor of the arena as well as additional scoreboards and a new basketball court.[119][120]The center circle of the court was positioned over first base, with the court itself laid parallel and adjacent to the right-field seats; the portable seats were positioned across the court with one end hovering over home plate.[121]
The first SuperSonics game in the Kingdome under the agreement was an exhibition game versus thePortland Trail Blazerson September 22, 1978.[122]A few weeks later, a crowd of 15,219 watched as the SuperSonics defeated theChicago Bulls,104–86, on October 14 in their first regular-season game as a tenant.[123]CaptainFred Brownand leading scorerGus Williamshelped lead the team to their first and only championship that season, defeating theWashington Bulletsin theFinalsand avenging theirFinalsloss to themthe previous season.[124]At the time, the Kingdome was known in the NBA for being the noisiest arena for basketball and for having the largest crowds, with stadium vendor Bill Scott (a.k.a.Bill the Beerman) taking the duties as cheerleader.[125][126]
In the1979–80 season,the SuperSonics set an NBA record average attendance of 21,725 fans per game (since broken).[127][128]The SuperSonics set the NBA single-game playoff attendance record at 39,457 during Game 4 of the 1978 NBA Finals; they set it again on April 15, 1980, during a conference semifinal game against theMilwaukee Buckswith an attendance record of 40,172 (also since broken).[128][129][130]The Kingdome regular season, single-game attendance record of 38,067 was set on November 22, 1991, when the SuperSonics faced theChicago Bulls.[131]
While leaving a SuperSonics game on February 16, 1983, a 21-year-old man fromOlympiafell off a ramp and plunged 47 feet to his death; this was despite the installation of signs warning about the chest-level barriers the previous year.[132]
Logistics would be a problem throughout the team's tenure at the Kingdome because the Seahawks and Mariners had scheduling priority over them, especially during the playoffs when the Mariners were playing there at the same time in the spring.[133]As part of the 1977 agreement, King County agreed to pay the SuperSonics $15,000 for each game (up to five) that was moved elsewhere because of booking issues.[115]Even then, the scheduling priority meant that the SuperSonics would only play home playoff games at the Kingdome while the Mariners were on the road, with most of the games played at the Coliseum; the team even had to useHec Edmundson Pavilionat theUniversity of Washingtonfor a few games when both the Kingdome and the Coliseum were unavailable.[134]
Along with the scheduling issues, as with other multipurpose stadiums used by the NBA the Kingdome proved itself to be a less-than-ideal venue for basketball.[133][135][136]Although the Kingdome's capacity allowed the SuperSonics to set attendance records, the vast space it afforded meant that it did not have the intimate environment of a dedicated arena; furthermore, fans were displeased about the poor sight lines and cold temperatures in the Kingdome. All these factors, plus dwindling attendance due to poor team performance towards the end of their tenancy at the Kingdome, led SuperSonics general managerZollie Volchokto sign a 10-year contract with the city of Seattle in 1983, agreeing to have the team move back to the Coliseum after the1984–85 seasonin exchange for upgrades there.[133]
The SuperSonics faced thePhoenix Sunsat the Kingdome on April 7, 1985, in their final game as a regular tenant, losing 110–125 with 5,672 in attendance.[137]However, exemplifying the scheduling issues, it was not their final home game of the season; the SuperSonics were forced to play at theTacoma Domeon April 11 because the Mariners hosted theOakland Athleticsat the Kingdome that day.[133]By that point, the SuperSonics had an average attendance of 7,399, failing to surpass 10,000 seats sold in 29 of 37 games held at the Kingdome in their final season there.[138]
Despite calling the Coliseum home again, the SuperSonics still played occasionally at the Kingdome over the next few years when large crowds were anticipated; as such, the SuperSonics hosted the1987 NBA All-Star Gamethere, having previously hosted the1974 gameat the Coliseum before the Kingdome opened.[139][140][141]However, SuperSonics ownerBarry Ackerley,who had bought the team fromSam Schulmanin October 1983 after the Coliseum deal was signed, started seeking a new arena for them in 1989; team presidentBob Whitsittclaimed that the Coliseum was outdated and leaking.[133][142][143]Ackerley proposed to build a new arena south of the Kingdome (whereT-Mobile Parkstands today[144]), but the plan was initially rejected by King County because of objections from the Seahawks and Mariners over inadequate parking.[145]The plan was eventually approved by theSeattle City Council7–1 on May 30, 1990, but it was ultimately scrapped the following year on June 26 because of issues in financing it; as a compromise measure, the Coliseum was rebuilt asKeyArenaduring the1994–95 season,with the SuperSonics playing home games at the Tacoma Dome instead of the closer Kingdome in the meantime.[146][147][148]The SuperSonics played at KeyArena until they werecontroversially relocatedtoOklahoma Cityby ownerClay Bennettafter the2007–08 season.[149]
The SuperSonics played 303 games at the Kingdome in total, including 14 playoff games; they held an overall record of 208–95 (.686) and a playoff record of 8–6 (.571) at the stadium. Of those games, 20 of them had attendances of 30,000 or more.[138]
College
[edit]The first men's college basketball game at the Kingdome was held on January 9, 1984, when theWashington Huskiesdefeated theNotre Dame Fighting Irish,63–61, in the second overtime in front of 7,466 fans.[150][138]The Huskies held their only other basketball game at the Kingdome more than a decade later, defeating theOld Dominion Monarchs71–61 on December 22,1994,with 4,187 in attendance.[151][138]
The only women's basketball game at the Kingdome was held on December 6, 1979, when theSoviet national teambeatSeattle University135-45, before 7,239 spectators.[152][138]
Final Four
[edit]TheNCAA Final Fourof men'scollege basketballwas held three times at the Kingdome, with the stadium hosting the1984,1989,and1995editions. The1984 championship gamesaw theGeorgetown Hoyasdefeat theHouston Cougars,84–75.[153]Meanwhile, the1989 championship gamehad theMichigan Wolverinesbeat theSeton Hall Pirates,80–79, in overtime because of a controversial last-second foul call against the Pirates.[154]Finally, with the1995 championship game,theUCLA Bruinsdefeated theArkansas Razorbacks,89–78, to win their first championship since the retirement of coachJohn Woodentwenty years earlier in1975.[155]
The Kingdome was not the first venue in Seattle to host the Final Four;Hec Edmundson Pavilionhad previously hosted it in1949and1952.However, the Kingdome is credited with helping shape the Final Four into an event with a stature comparable to that of the Super Bowl because of its large capacity. It was the only such capable venue on the West Coast of the United States; the last time a non-Seattle West Coast site hosted the game was when theLos Angeles Memorial Sports Arenahosted it in1972.The 1995 edition was the last time that Seattle hosted a Final Four, and it will likely remain that way for the foreseeable future since the Kingdome's successors were not designed with a controlled environment in mind; it also remains the last time that the Final Four was held on the West Coast.[156]The Final Four was not held again in the Western United States until2017,whenUniversity of Phoenix StadiuminGlendale, Arizona,hosted it for thePhoenix area.[157][158]
Other
[edit]On February 18, 1979, theHarlem Globetrottersheld anexhibition gameat the Kingdome with close to 23,000 in attendance, of which around 3,500 were under 12 years old.[159]
As a result of theboycottof the1980 Summer Olympicsby the United States, theU.S. Olympic teamfaced off against a squad of NBA players in a six-game exhibition tournament called the "Gold Medal Series" that June. On June 20, the NBA All-Stars defeated the U.S. Olympic team, 78–76, before a crowd of 10,902; it was the only victory by the NBA squad in the tournament.[160][161]
TheWashington Interscholastic Activities Association(WIAA) held their 3A and 4Ahigh school basketballstate tournament five times at the Kingdome between 1993 and 1999. The boys' and girls' games were held simultaneously until the championship, at which point they took turns playing on a single court.[138]
Soccer
[edit]Sounders
[edit]TheSeattle Soundersof theNorth American Soccer League(NASL) were the first tenant to move into the Kingdome upon its opening, having played atMemorial Stadiumfor their first two seasons.[162]As a result, they held the honor of hosting the first sporting event at the Kingdome with anexhibition gameversus theNew York Cosmoson April 9, 1976; the Cosmos defeated them 3–1 with 58,128 fans in attendance. Highlighting the secondary treatment of the Sounders, about 5,000 seats were not yet installed when the game occurred.[163][164][165]Just weeks later, they hosted their first regular-season game in the Kingdome on April 26, defeating thePortland Timbers1–0 via aGeoff Hurstpenalty kickin the second overtime before 24,983 spectators.[166]
The largest crowd to attend a Sounders match, regular or postseason, occurred onAugust 25, 1977,when 56,256 spectators watched as they defeated theLos Angeles Aztecs1–0 in the second game of the Pacific Conference Final to advance to their firstSoccer Bowl.[167]The Sounders' regular-season attendance record was set on August 9, 1980, when the Cosmos defeated them 1–0 in front of 49,606 fans.[168]Overall, the team drew an average attendance of 20,183 from 1975 to 1982, peaking in the 1980 season with an average attendance of 24,247.[169][170]
Along with traditional soccer, the Sounders participated in NASLindoor soccerfor the1980–81and1981–82seasons.[171][172]However, the1983 outdoor seasonproved to be a dire one for the Sounders; with the team's front office heavily cutting costly foreign players from the roster, the team suffered their worst season ever performance-wise, resulting in a record low average attendance of 8,181.[170]That season additionally saw the smallest crowd to attend a Sounders game, with only 4,270 spectators on hand to witness their 3–1 victory over theTulsa Roughneckson July 27.[170]With the cuts not enough to keep the team afloat, the owners ultimately elected to fold it that year on September 6; their final home game was a 3–2 victory over theSan Diego Sockerson August 25 with 7,331 fans in attendance.[173][174]
College
[edit]The Kingdome hosted theNCAA Division I Men's Soccer ChampionshipFinals twice in consecutive years. The final onDecember 17, 1984,featured theClemson Tigers,coached by Dr.I. M. Ibrahim,and defending national championIndiana Hoosiers,headed by coachJerry Yeagley;7,926 spectators watched as the Tigers won 2–1 in regulation to bring home their first national championship in soccer and deny the Hoosiers a third straight title.[175]A year later, onDecember 14, 1985,a crowd of 5,986 watched as theUCLA Bruinsdefeated theAmerican Eagles1–0 after eight overtime periods to win their first national soccer championship; Bruin coachSigi Schmidwent on to coach theSeattle Sounders FCofMajor League Soccer(MLS), aphoenix clubof the NASL Sounders, from its inaugural season in2009to2016.[176][177]
Other professional games
[edit]A game of the1976 U.S.A. Bicentennial Cup tournamentwas held at the Kingdome on May 28, withBrazildefeatingTeam America2–0 before 20,245 spectators.[178]
The Kingdome also hosted the NASL's championship game, theSoccer Bowl,between theMinnesota Kicksand theToronto Metros-CroatiaonAugust 28, 1976;the Metros-Croatia defeated the Kicks 3–0 before a crowd of 25,765, setting an NASL championship attendance record at the time.[179][180]
ACONCACAF Championship qualifierfor the1978 FIFA World Cupwas hosted at the Kingdome on October 20, 1976; the game, which saw theUnited StatesdefeatCanada2–0 before a crowd of 17,675, was the first instance of a World Cup qualifier that was held indoors.[181][182]
A doubleheader featuring both the U.S. Olympic and national squads was held at the Kingdome on February 3, 1979.[183]The U.S. Olympic team defeated the Canadian Olympic team 2–0 in the first game, while theSoviet national teamdefeated the U.S. national team 3–1 in the second game; 13,317 spectators were present for both games.[184]
The Kingdome was additionally considered in Seattle's bid to be a host city for the1994 FIFA World Cup,but it was rejected in favor of Husky Stadium because of concerns over its indoor environment and its turf; the bid ultimately failed in part because of apprehension from theUniversity of Washington.[185]
Other events
[edit]Upon its opening, the Kingdome served as one of the mainconvention centersin Seattle alongside the Seattle Center Coliseum.[186]During preliminary studies for the then-proposed Washington State Convention Center (now theSeattle Convention Center) in the early 1980s, a proposal to build it on the stadium's northern parking lot was floated, but it was never seriously considered and ultimately rejected by the convention center board in favor of building it in the Downtown area.[187][188]
The largest crowd to attend a single event in the Kingdome came early, during an eight-dayBilly Grahamcrusadein 1976. The Friday night edition on May 14 drew 74,000 and featured singerJohnny Cash;5,000 were turned away.[19][165][189][190]The stadium was also part of Seattle's bid to host the1988 Republican National Convention,but it ultimately failed because of a scheduling conflict with the Mariners.[191]
Country singerCW McCallperformed 8 shows during the 4-day Custom Van, Truck, 4-Wheel Drive and Motorcycle Show, March 17–20, 1977. [192]
The Kingdome hosted a round of theAMA Supercross Championshipfrom 1978 to 1999.[193][194]
Concerts
[edit]Numerous rock concerts were held in the venue, despite significant echo and sound delay problems attributable to the structure's cavernous size.[195]
Date | Artist | Opening act(s) | Tour / Concert name | Attendance | Revenue | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
June 10, 1976 | Wings | – | Wings Over America Tour | 67,053 | $536,424 | The concert set the national indoor attendance record for a single act.[196]It also marked the first timePaul McCartneyhad toured America sinceThe Beatlesstopped touring in 1966.[109]The performance was filmed and included in the concert movieRockshow.[197] |
August 6, 1976 | Eagles | Linda Ronstadt JD Souther |
– | 48,843 | $398,744 | [198] |
September 3, 1976 | Aerosmith | Jeff Beck Rick Derringer |
Rocks Tour | 51,091 | $422,698 | [199] |
June 27, 1977 | Peter Frampton | Foghat J. Geils Band Blondie Chaplin |
- | 39,549 | – | [200] |
July 17, 1977 | Led Zeppelin | – | North American Tour 1977 | 68,954 | – | The performance is available on VOIO and ROIO.[109][201] |
October 14, 1981 | The Rolling Stones | Greg Kihn Band J. Geils Band |
American Tour 1981 | 69,132 | – | [201][202] |
October 15, 1981 | 68,028 | Before the concert, a 16-year-old girl fromRentonfell backward from a concrete guard rail at the outside 200-level ramp and plunged fifty feet (15 m) onto a loading area; she died atHarborview Medical Centerdespite medics immediately rushing her there.[203][204][205] | ||||
July 23, 1982 | Bryan Adams Joan Jett and the Blackhearts Blue Öyster Cult Loverboy Foreigner |
– | The Rock and Roll Grand Slam 1982 | 38,201 / 70,000 | $635,352 | [206] |
October 20, 1982 | The Who | The Clash T Bone Burnett |
The Who Tour 1982 | 55,217 | – | [195][207] |
May 22, 1983 | The Beach Boys | – | – | 37,807 | $320,000 | The concert followed a Mariners game.[208][209] |
July 15, 1987 | Madonna | Level 42 Bhundu Boys Hue and Cry |
Who's That Girl World Tour | 30,000 | – | [195][210] |
December 8, 1987 | Pink Floyd | – | A Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour | 33,700 / 40,000 | $710,382 | [211] |
July 27, 1988 | Van Halen Scorpions |
Metallica Dokken Kingdom Come |
Monsters of Rock | 37,000 | – | While Scorpions was on stage, lead singerKlaus Meinewas hit in the throat by a camera thrown out of the audience. He ranted for around five minutes about having respect for the bands, then did one more song with the band before they left the stage.[109][212] |
March 29, 1990 | Paul McCartney | – | The Paul McCartney World Tour | 50,000 | – | [195][213] |
September 6, 1990 | New Kids on The Block | Perfect Gentlemen Rick Wes |
The Magic Summer Tour | 42,929 / 52,619 | $1,015,300 | [214] |
October 6, 1992 | Guns N' Roses Metallica |
Motörhead | Guns N' Roses/Metallica Stadium Tour | 37,226 / 40,000 | $1,023,715 | [215] |
December 15, 1994 | The Rolling Stones | Spin Doctors | Voodoo Lounge Tour | 49,303 / 49,303 | $2,311,900 | [216] |
November 28, 1997 | The Rolling Stones | Third Eye Blind | Bridges to Babylon Tour | 42,258 / 42,258 | $2,411,261 | [217] |
December 12, 1997 | U2 | Smash Mouth | PopMart Tour | 30,260 / 35,000 | $1,539,105 | [217] |
Final years
[edit]The loss of the Sounders and Sonics in the mid-1980s caused financial constraints as the Kingdome was left with 59 unfilled days in their annual schedule.[218]By the 1990s, multi-purpose stadiums fell out of favor with the public, and the Kingdome's suitability as an NFL and MLB venue came into doubt as a result. Neither the Seahawks' nor the Mariners' respective ownership groups saw the shared stadium arrangement as economically feasible because the Kingdome was unable to meet the needs of both tenants; they also noted the lack of revenue-generatingluxury suitesprominent in newer stadiums.[11][219]After several years of threats to relocate the Mariners because of poor attendance and revenue, then-ownerJeff Smulyanput the team up for sale on December 6, 1991; he subsequently received approval by MLB to sell the team to an ownership group led byNintendopresidentHiroshi Yamauchion June 10, 1992.[220]Almost immediately, the new ownership group began campaigning with local and state governments to secure public funding for a new baseball-only stadium. In March 1994, King County ExecutiveGary Lockeappointed a task force to study the need for a baseball-only stadium.[221]
1994 ceiling collapse
[edit]The Kingdome's roof had been problematic from the beginning because of a design flaw. With the stadium's limited budget compared to its contemporaries, its architects had the roof's acoustic ceiling tiles serve a dual purpose as forms to pour concrete over for the roof sections. They were firmly placed via six metal clips on their edges, but the effectiveness of the clips was weakened as moisture from thepolyurethaneinsulation accumulated in the tiles because it lacked properwater vapormanagement. As a result, leaks were discovered in the roof three months before the stadium opened, and several attempts at repairs made the situation worse or were quickly undone.[222]
In 1993, the county decided to strip off the outer roof coating and replace it with a special coating.Sandblastingfailed to strip the old roof material off, and the contractor changed its method topressure washing.This pressure-washing resulted in water seepage through the roof, and on July 19, 1994, four 26-pound (12 kg), waterlogged acoustic ceiling tiles fell into the seating area. The tiles fell while the Mariners were on the field preparing for a scheduled game against theBaltimore Orioles,a half-hour before the gates were to open for fans to enter the stadium. As a result, the Kingdome was closed for repairs.[222][223]
The Mariners were forced to play the last 20 games of the 1994 season on the road after theplayers' unionvetoed playing the "home" games atCheney StadiuminTacoma,BC Place StadiuminVancouver,British Columbia,or a neutral site because the union believed that its members should play only in major-league venues. The extended road trip could have lasted over two months, but it was shortened because of the1994–95 Major League Baseball strike,which began on August 12 and ended up canceling the remainder of the 1994 MLB season; the strike also resulted in a delay to the start of the 1995 season. The Seahawks had to play both their two preseason home games and their first three regular-season home games of the1994 seasonat nearbyHusky Stadium.[223]
The Kingdome held a reopening ceremony the weekend of November 4–6, 1994, which culminated with the Seahawks returning to the stadium for a regular-season game against theCincinnati Bengals.[224]Repairing the roof ultimately cost US$51 million, and two construction workers lost their lives in a crane accident on August 17 during the repair. The incident also motivated plans to replace the stadium.[223]
Replacement
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Kingdome_implosion.jpg/250px-Kingdome_implosion.jpg)
On September 19, 1995, King County voters defeated a ballot measure that would have funded the construction of a new baseball-only stadium for the Mariners. However, the following month, the Mariners made it to the MLB postseason for the first time and, on October 8, defeated theNew York Yankeesin the decisive fifth game of the1995 ALDSon the heels of a walk-offgame-winning doublehit byEdgar Martínez.The Mariners' postseason run demonstrated that there was a fan base in Seattle that wanted the team to stay in town, and as a result, theWashington State Legislatureapproved a separate funding package for a new stadium on October 14.[219][81][225]
In January 1996, Seahawks ownerKen Behringannounced he was moving the team to Los Angeles and the team would play atAnaheim Stadium,which had recently been vacated as a football venue when theLos Angeles Ramsmoved toSt. Louis.His rationale for the decision included unfounded safety concerns surrounding the seismic stability of the Kingdome. Behring went so far as to relocate team headquarters toAnaheim, California,but his plans were defeated when lawyers found out that the Seahawks could not break their lease on the Kingdome until 2005. As a result, Behring tried to sell the team. He found a potential buyer inMicrosoftco-founderPaul Allen,who stipulated that a new publicly funded stadium had to be built as a condition of his purchase of the team.[226]Allen funded a special election held on June 17, 1997, that featured a measure that would allocate public funding for a new stadium for the Seahawks on the Kingdome site. The measure passed, Allen officially purchased the team, and the Kingdome's fate was sealed.[227][228]
Despite the intention of the Mariners to start playing at their new home at the beginning of the 1999 season, construction delays meant that installation of its retractable roof would not occur on time, leading to another sale threat by the team's owners.[229]However, the team eventually agreed to play at the Kingdome from the start of the season until after theAll-Star Game,with construction on the new home starting on March 8, 1997.[230][231]Two years later, a sold-out crowd of 56,530 watched as the Mariners defeated theTexas Rangers5–2 in their final game at the Kingdome on June 27, 1999; they played their first game at their new home,Safeco Field,nearly three weeks later on July 15.[219][232][233]
Meanwhile, the Seahawks temporarily relocated toHusky Stadiumfor two seasons following the 1999 season.[232]To make way for construction of their new stadium, the Kingdome was stripped down and prepared for demolition. During the process, a security incident occurred on February 21, 2000, when askateboarderdisguised himself as aconstruction worker,climbed up onto the roof, and skated on it with two friends filming him on the nearbyAlaskan Way Viaduct;demolition crews were unimpressed by the incident and implemented tighter security measures in response.[234][235]On the morning of March 26, 2000 at 8:30 AM, the Kingdome was demolished byControlled Demolition, Inc.viaimplosion,just one day short of 24 years after the stadium's opening; it set a record recognized byGuinness World Recordsfor the largest building, by volume, ever demolished by implosion.[236]The Kingdome was the first large, domed stadium to be demolished in the United States; its demolition was also the first live event covered byESPN Classic.[237][238]The new stadium,Seahawks Stadium,eventually opened on July 20, 2002, in time for the beginning of theNFL seasonthat year.[227]
The Kingdome was demolished before the debt issued to finance its construction was fully paid, and as of September 2010, residents of King County were still responsible for more than $80 million in debt on the demolished stadium.[239][240]The debt was retired on March 2015, nine months ahead of the original bond maturity and 15 years after the stadium's demolition. The 2% of the 15.6% hotel/motel tax earmarked for the Kingdome debt no longer needed went instead to the county's4Cultureprogram for arts, heritage, and preservation.[10]
Seating capacity
[edit]
|
|
|
In popular culture
[edit]Because of its versatility and its prominent position in the Seattle skyline for close to a quarter-century, the Kingdome was featured in numerous forms of media during and after its existence. On television, it served as the backdrop for a rescue in the 1978 TV movie "Most Deadly Passage" ofNBC'sEmergency!series, which featured the work ofSeattle Medic Oneparamedics.[246]It was also mentioned in 1992 with the airing of "Crushed", the sixteenth episode of thefifth seasonofABCsitcomFull House;in the episode, guest starTommy Pageboasted toJesse Katsopolisabout playing there.[247]The Kingdome was mentioned again in 1998 during thesixth seasonof NBC sitcomFrasier,which was set in Seattle. In the sixth episode, "Secret Admirer", Martin describes Daphne's frustrating driving that repeatedly takes them right into various traffic delays, ending with them encountering traffic from the Kingdome.[248]Furthermore, the Kingdome's demolition was featured onThe History Channel'sModern Marvelsseries with their "Concrete"episode that first aired on May 31, 2000.[249]
The Kingdome was not limited to just television mentions; numerous songs mentioned it in their lyrics. Rock bandFoo Fightersmentioned it in the refrain of "New Way Home", which was featured on their 1997 album,The Colour and the Shape.[250]RapperMacklemorealso mentioned the Kingdome in "My Oh My", a 2011 song that paid tribute toDave Niehaus,the longtime play-by-play announcer of the Mariners who had recently died; in it, he talks about growing up in Seattle and going to the Kingdome. The song mentionsthe Doublein the Mariners–Yankees1995 ALDS,and its accompanyingmusic videoalso contains footage of the Kingdome's demolition.[251][252][253]
With the rise of3D computer graphics,video games started to depict the Kingdome as well. TheGran Turismoseries ofracing gameson thePlayStationline of consoles featured the Kingdome in the Seattle Circuit race track, a street circuit based on the roads of Seattle.[254]Seattle Circuit is featured inGran Turismo 2,Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec,Gran Turismo 4,Tourist Trophy,andGran Turismo PSP.Despite the Kingdome's demolition occurring before the game was released, Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec still featured it in the track.[255]The Kingdome also made an appearance in the 2007RTS gameWorld in Conflict,in which it was destroyed by Soviet artillery during a Soviet invasion of Seattle in analternate timeline.[256]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^1634–1699:McCusker, J. J.(1997).How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda(PDF).American Antiquarian Society.1700–1799:McCusker, J. J.(1992).How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States(PDF).American Antiquarian Society.1800–present:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis."Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–".RetrievedFebruary 29,2024.
- ^"King County, Department of Stadium Administration, Domed Stadium, Pioneer Square, Seattle, WA".Pacific Coast Architecture Database.University of Washington.RetrievedOctober 28,2012.
- ^abLedbetter, Les (December 5, 1977)."Seattle Stadium Suit a Legal Test on Cost Overruns".The New York Times.p. 18.RetrievedFebruary 24,2021.
- ^AN ORDINANCE relating to the multi-purpose public stadium specified in King County Resolution No. 34567; providing a name therefore(PDF)(Ordinance 2483).King County Council.August 25, 1975.
- ^Name(Section 4, King County Code Title 22 (Stadium)). King County Council. March 26, 2012.
- ^Macintosh, Heather (January 1, 2001)."Kingdome opens to a crowd of 54,000 on March 27, 1976".HistoryLink.RetrievedApril 3,2010.
- ^Upchurch, Michael (July 22, 2010)."Seattle's slightly amphibious Sodo subject of new photo-history".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 17,2021.
- ^"24 years of Kingdome facts & figures".King County.March 27, 2000. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016.
{{cite web}}
:CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^Baker, Tony (December 10, 1976)."Seattle's own Cardiac Hill?".Lewiston Morning Tribune.Associated Press.p. 3B.
- ^abBaker, Geoff (March 26, 2015)."Kingdome debt to be retired 15 years after implosion".The Seattle Times.Archived fromthe originalon September 24, 2015.RetrievedJuly 11,2015.
- ^abcdefgCrowley, Walt (February 2, 2006)."National Football League awards Seattle a franchise for future Seahawks on December 5, 1974".HistoryLink.org.RetrievedMarch 15,2011.
- ^Kaiman, Beth (September 10, 2003)."David Cohn, 85; top restaurateur, major booster of UW athletics".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 26,2021.
- ^Mullins 2013,pp. 26–27
- ^abcMullins, William H. (2009). "Not Quite Big League: The Pilots and Seattle in the 1960s".Pacific Northwest Quarterly.100(3): 120–133.ISSN0030-8803.JSTOR40492203.OCLC2392232.
- ^Mullins 2013,pp. 46–47
- ^Mullins 2013,pp. 52–58
- ^Mullins 2013,pp. 85–86
- ^Mullins 2013,pp. 173–174
- ^abcdefMacIntosh, Heather (March 1, 2000)."Kingdome: The Controversial Birth of a Seattle Icon (1959–1976)".HistoryLink.org.RetrievedMarch 15,2011.
- ^Mullins 2013,pp. 190–194, 229–233
- ^"Voters in Seattle reject proposals".Spokesman-Review.Associated Press. May 20, 1970. p. 1 – via Google News.
- ^"Stadium okehed inside Seattle".Lewiston Morning Tribune.Associated Press. December 1, 1971. p. 15 – via Google News.
- ^ab"Protesters halt groundbreaking at Seattle domed stadium site".Lewiston Morning Tribune.Associated Press. November 3, 1972. p. 15 – via Google News.
- ^Mullins 2013,p. 253
- ^Mullins 2013,pp. 256–261
- ^"NFL selects Seattle group".Spokane Daily Chronicle.Associated Press. December 5, 1974. p. 49 – via Google News.
- ^Ledbetter, Les (March 27, 1976)."Seattle Awaits Debut Of Kingdome Tonight".The New York Times.p. 43.RetrievedMarch 26,2021.
- ^"Huge crowd views Pele".Spokane Daily Chronicle.Associated Press. April 10, 1976. p. 10 – via Google News.
- ^Mullins 2013,p. 263
- ^Divish, Ryan (March 17, 2019)."'The slowest surface I've ever seen': Tokyo Dome turf yet another adjustment for Mariners in Japan ".The Seattle Times.RetrievedApril 1,2021.
- ^Moore, Jack (July 2, 2015)."Throwback Thursday: Cincinnati's Riverfront Stadium And The Era Of Multipurpose Mistakes".Vice.RetrievedApril 1,2021.
- ^abFarrey, Tom (November 14, 1991)."A Return To Football's Grass Roots? -- Artificial Turf May Not Make Sense, Even Here".The Seattle Times.RetrievedApril 1,2021.
- ^Finnigan, Bob (March 31, 1983)."Kingdome to get new rug during M's season".The Seattle Times.p. D1.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Smith, Craig (July 13, 1983)."Sounder psych: ironing board and rock".The Seattle Times.p. E3.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Farrey, Tom (October 14, 1990)."Boz poster still a hit with fans".The Seattle Times.p. C4.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"Rocket's agent says $13.2 million is NFL price tag".The Seattle Times.January 26, 1991. p. B2.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"Fans Tear Turf From Kingdome".Tacoma News Tribune.October 3, 1995.RetrievedApril 1,2021– via The Spokesman-Review.
- ^abFarrey, Tom (September 6, 1990)."Hawks, M's may get separate Dome turf".The Seattle Times.p. E2.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Withers, Bud (January 15, 1990)."Baseball players bugged the most by Kingdome's hard rug".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.p. D2.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^abKelley, Steve (September 8, 1984)."Necessary evil: Kingdome's 'chamber of horrors' artificial surface needs improving".The Seattle Times.p. C1.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"Kingdome turf rated worst in AFC West, but if the money's right..."Kitsap Sun.January 30, 1999.RetrievedApril 1,2021.
- ^Underwood, John (August 12, 1985)."Just An Awful Toll".Sports Illustrated.Time Inc.RetrievedApril 1,2021.
- ^Lyons, Gil (September 5, 1984)."Knox says Curt's skills, not Astroturf, caused injury".The Seattle Times.p. E1.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Lyons, Gil (September 23, 1980)."Hawks' Smith out for season with knee injury".The Seattle Times.p. D1.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"Skip the what-ifs, and celebrate what Ken Griffey Jr. is on the verge of doing".The Seattle Times.June 3, 2008.RetrievedApril 1,2021.
- ^Baker, Tony (August 2, 1976)."Seahawks lose opening game".Spokane Daily Chronicle.Associated Press. p. 15.
- ^abHill, Craig (September 12, 2016)."Remembering Kingdome football, 40 years after first Seahawks game".The News Tribune.RetrievedMarch 19,2021.
- ^"Pro battle of pride set in Dome tonight".Spokane Daily Chronicle.January 17, 1977. p. 15.
- ^"All Matchups, Seattle Seahawks vs. Las Vegas/LA/Oakland Raiders".Pro-Football-Reference.Sports Reference.RetrievedApril 14,2021.
- ^abNewberry, Ron (August 18, 1995)."In Search Of An Audience Seahawks' Ticket Sales Hit All-Time Low; One Longtime Fan Couldn't Give Seats Away".The Spokesman-Review.RetrievedMarch 18,2021.
- ^Arnold, Kirby (December 27, 1999)."Noisy farewell bid the Dome".Kitsap Sun.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^Jenks, Jayson (December 11, 2019)."Remembering the time the NFL tried to silence its fans".The Athletic.RetrievedMarch 19,2021.
- ^Barber, Michael A. (December 19, 1983). "First-rate reason to party: Seahawks in the playoffs".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.pp. A1, A3.
They were part of The Wave yesterday, that unique Seahawk expression of fan unity – a spontaneous cheer that sweeps over the crowd as they stand and yell in unintelligible tongues for, each one believes, "my" football team. [...] There's also The Wave. No one has figured out what triggered this phenomenon of football. It begins as a roar in one end of the stadium and continues around, as each section of fans fumes up and yells to keep The Wave going. No one has figured out what all those people say when they yell, either. It is nothing intelligible. They just scream their hearts out.
- ^Krawczynski, Jon (February 3, 2018)."How the 1992 Super Bowl came to be, and paved the way for another big game in the Twin Cities".The Athletic.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Hill, Craig (January 25, 2014)."Don't rule out possibility of Super Bowl in Seattle just yet".The News Tribune.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^"Sports Briefs".United Press International. June 2, 1982.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^King, Peter (January 17, 2000)."Like Old Times Playing as if he were still in his prime, Dan Marino led Miami over Seattle with a vintage fourth-quarter drive".Sports Illustrated.Time, Inc.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Nobles, Charlie (January 9, 2000)."N.F.L. WILD-CARD PLAYOFFS; Whistling Past The Graveyard In the Kingdome".The New York Times.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Murray, Ken (January 16, 2000)."Jaguars flay Dolphins, 62-7; 2nd-worst playoff loss; Marino: sad farewell?".The Baltimore Sun.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^"The Ballparks: Seattle Kingdome".This Great Game.RetrievedOctober 1,2018.
Shortly after the Kingdome's final event—a Seahawks playoff game on January 9, 2000—the same blueprints used to erect the stadium were dusted off to give demolition crews a good idea of how to bring it down.
- ^"Seattle Kingdome History".Pro-Football-Reference.Sports Reference.RetrievedApril 14,2021.
- ^Taylor, Phil (May 2, 1976)."Varsity Wins; No Fireworks".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.p. C1.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Rockne, Dick (May 2, 1976)."Varsity tops Alumni, 10–7".The Seattle Times.p. H1.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Rockne, Dick (February 26, 1987)."After The Fall - The collapse at Husky Stadium leaves answered questions for the university, the project coordinator and UW football fans".The Seattle Times.p. D4.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Lange, Greg (January 18, 2001)."Husky Stadium collapses on February 25, 1987".HistoryLink.RetrievedMay 22,2021.
- ^Missildine, Harry (October 9, 1976)."Thompson's key in 'Dome Bowl'".The Spokesman-Review.p. 13 – via Google News.
- ^"Bell runs for 346 yards as USC clips Cougars".Eugene Register-Guard.Associated Press. October 10, 1976. p. 6C – via Google News.
- ^Missildine, Harry (October 10, 1976)."Ricky Bell leads SC's 23–14 win".The Spokesman-Review.p. D1 – via Google News.
- ^Perry, Jim."Ricky Bell: 'The Bulldog'".Archived fromthe originalon November 17, 2007.RetrievedNovember 9,2007.
- ^Rockne, Dick (September 7, 1994)."Cougar Notebook -- WSU Football In Kingdome? Ad Studies Possibility".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 19,2021.
- ^O'Keefe, Vince (September 18, 1977)."U.P.S. nips Lutes before 13,167 in Kingdome".The Seattle Times.p. H11.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Rudman, Steve (September 24, 1978)."Small Crowd Sees UPS Win".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.p. D8.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"1983 Reunion Sets Attendance Record".University of Puget Sound vs. Pacific Lutheran University Official Program, 1984(PDF).Tacoma Athletic Commission. 1984. p. 1.
- ^"Kingbowl forecast is 30,000".Spokesman-Review.November 29, 1977. p. 19.
- ^Derrick, Merle (December 5, 1977)."What a show!".Spokane Daily Chronicle.p. 19.
- ^"Washington moves games to Tacoma".Eugene Register-Guard.Associated Press. May 25, 1995. p. 2D.
- ^Trimmer, Dave (June 15, 1995)."Tacoma Dome plan brings up questions about sites of semis".Spokesman-Review.p. C3.
- ^1998 Seattle vs Tacoma Police Football Bacon Bowl.Tacoma: Bacon Bowl Association. 1998. p. 72.RetrievedMarch 24,2021– via Issuu.
- ^"Seattle Vs. Tacoma In Charity Bacon Bowl".The Seattle Times.October 21, 1999.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Castro, Hector (October 10, 2003)."Police play for charity in Bacon Bowl".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^abcdVerducci, Tom (February 5, 1996)."Marinermania: How A Tottering Team's Bid For A Wild-Card Berth Turned Into A Late-Season Frenzy-- And Saved Baseball In Seattle".Sports Illustrated.Time Warner.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^abcde"California Angels at Seattle Mariners Box Score, April 6, 1977".Baseball-Reference.Sports Reference.RetrievedMay 16,2021.
- ^abcFinnigan, Bob (June 27, 1999)."The Fun House -- The Kingdome Holds Many Memories - Good, Bad And Zany - For The Mariners And Their Fans".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^Brock, Corey (April 6, 2020)."'The one game they didn't have': The tale of the lost Mariners tapes ".The Athletic.RetrievedMay 17,2021.
- ^Stein, Alan J (April 8, 1999)."Seattle Pilots play their first game on April 8, 1969".HistoryLink.RetrievedMay 17,2021.
- ^Wilma, David (July 2, 2001)."Seattle Mariners play their first baseball game in Seattle on April 6, 1977".HistoryLink.RetrievedMay 17,2021.
- ^ab"Club Firsts".Mariners.MLB Advanced Media.RetrievedMay 12,2019.
- ^"M's 1st HR And Win At Safeco".CBS News.Associated Press. July 17, 1999.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^"California Angels at Seattle Mariners Box Score, April 8, 1977".Baseball-Reference.Sports Reference.RetrievedMay 17,2021.
- ^abFeeney, Charley (July 17, 1979)."50th All-Star Game tonight".Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.p. 13 – via Google News.
- ^abSmith, Curt(2001).Storied Stadiums.New York City: Carroll & Graf.ISBN0-7867-1187-6.
- ^Sherwin, Bob (April 14, 1990)."My Oh My, Just Like Old Times -- First M's Sellout Witnesses A 15- 7 Drubbing In Opener".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^abLaRue, Larry (November 12, 1989)."Kingdome, Like Mariners, May Get a Facelift".Los Angeles Times.McClatchy News Service.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^"A Conversation With Mariners Announcer Tom Hutyler".1995mariners.Archived fromthe originalon June 18, 2009.
- ^Sullivan, Paul (October 17, 1995)."MARINERS COUNT ON EAR-SPLITTING, DOME-FIELD EDGE".Chicago Tribune.RetrievedMarch 19,2021.
- ^"Despite Huge Crowds Late, M'S Attendance Hits Three-Year Low".The Spokesman-Review.October 1, 1995.RetrievedMarch 19,2021.
- ^Swift, E.M. (May 18, 1981)."At Home In The Dome".Sports Illustrated.Time Inc. pp. 57–58.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^"They're called 'Domeruns,' in acknowledgment that a home run..."United Press International. April 15, 1981.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^Anderson, Dave (April 8, 1982)."Sports of The Times; Domeball: It's Not Baseball".The New York Times.p. B17.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^Green, Tom (January 6, 1982)."Left-handed power hitters should find home runs a little..."United Press International.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^Sherwin, Bob (March 12, 1990)."Scoreboard To Put Mariner Fans On-Line".The Seattle Times.p. D2.RetrievedMarch 25,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"THE SIDELINES: Kingdome Stretching Its Left".Los Angeles Times.December 5, 1990.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^1979 MLB All-Star Game (Seattle)(Original TV broadcast). NBC. July 12, 2017 [July 17, 1979].Archivedfrom the original on December 21, 2021.RetrievedMay 4,2020– via YouTube.
- ^Pennington, Bill (2019)."Chapter 29:" Did That Just Happen? "".Chumps to Champs: How the Worst Teams in Yankees History Led to the '90s Dynasty.Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 263.ISBN9781328849878.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
McDowell was one of ten Yankees pitchers or coaches in the bullpen, which was no more than three benches, a tub of Gatorade and a pitcher's mound in foul territory near the right-field stands.
- ^Bernstein, Dan (August 27, 2019)."Behind the demise of on-field bullpens in MLB and their lasting imprint on the game".Sporting News.DAZN Group.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^Wittenmyer, Gordon (July 31, 1998)."M's endure a long night's journey to defeat".Kitsap Sun.RetrievedApril 1,2021.
- ^"Griffey Hits 41st But Loses In 17th".CBS News.July 31, 1998.RetrievedApril 1,2021.
- ^Saperstein, Aliya (March 27, 2000)."Not even a quake could crack the Dome".Seattle Post-Intelligencer. p. E11.RetrievedMarch 25,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^abcdCondotta, Bob (March 26, 2020)."Take a trip down memory lane with the best — and worst — memories of the Kingdome".The Seattle Times.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^"Kingdome Not Damaged By Quake, Experts Say".The Washington Post.Seattle. Associated Press. May 4, 1996. p. H5.ProQuest1030603929.RetrievedMarch 20,2021.
- ^Mosher, Terry (September 10, 2013)."Segui forever linked to Seattle".Kitsap Sun.RetrievedMay 17,2021.
- ^Cour, Jim (June 27, 1999)."Diego Segui Misses Kingdome Farewell".Associated Press.RetrievedMay 17,2021.
- ^"24 for No. 24: Ken Griffey Jr.'s most memorable moments".The News Tribune.July 22, 2016.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^Andriesen, David (April 20, 2002)."Rangers DL lineup impressive - back spasms force Pudge to stay behind".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.p. C3.RetrievedAugust 28,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^abcHeberlein, Greg (July 30, 1977)."Kingdome gets new tenant".The Seattle Times.p. D2.RetrievedMay 19,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^abMacLeod, Alex (August 23, 1977)."Ruano seeks referendum on Sonics' move".The Seattle Times.p. 1.RetrievedMay 19,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Katz, Dean (August 30, 1977)."Fund OK'd for Sonics shift".The Seattle Times.p. A14.RetrievedMay 19,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Heberlein, Greg (September 18, 1977)."Ruano quits fighting Sonics' move".The Seattle Times.p. 1.RetrievedMay 19,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Attner, Paul (October 25, 1978)."Bullets, Sonics Meet Again".The Washington Post.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Meyers, Georg N. (February 19, 1978)."11 'last' chances for Sonics in old home".The Seattle Times.p. G1.RetrievedMay 18,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"The 'cozy Kingdome'".The Seattle Times.February 19, 1978. p. G10.RetrievedMay 18,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Heberlein, Greg (September 22, 1978)."Sonics debut tonight in Dome".The Seattle Times.p. C1.RetrievedMay 19,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Heberlein, Greg (October 14, 1978)."Whoosh! Sonics fly past Bulls, 104–86".The Seattle Times.p. E1.RetrievedMay 19,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Rosen, Jeff (March 26, 2004)."Sonics pay homage to past".Kitsap Sun.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^O'Neil, Danny (March 27, 2007)."Voice that filled Kingdome came straight from heart".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Moore, Jim (March 26, 2007)."Bill Scott, 1949-2007: 'Beerman' lifted everyone's spirits".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Richardson, Kenneth (January 27, 1989)."Sonics Going Dome Tonight: Hawks in Rare Kingdome Visit".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.RetrievedMarch 23,2021– viaNewsBank.
- ^abFrandsen, Mike (February 1, 2014)."Seattle's Last Title: SuperSonics' 1979 NBA Finals Win over Washington Bullets".Bleacher Report.Turner Broadcasting System.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Katz, Fred (October 25, 2019)."From a poor start to the Finals: How the 1978 SuperSonics made a run similar to the Nationals".The Athletic.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^"Bucks Beat Sonics for 3-2 Lead".The Washington Post.April 17, 1980. p. F4.ProQuest147219431.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^"Jordan Finds a Groove In Time to Edge Sonics".The New York Times.Associated Press.November 24, 1991.
- ^"Fan Dies in Fall".The New York Times.United Press International. February 18, 1983.RetrievedMarch 31,2021.
- ^abcdeMcCready, Eldredge (April 6, 1985)."So Long, Kingdome - Tomorrow Marks The End Of 'Dome Era' For Sonics".The Seattle Times.p. C1.RetrievedMarch 23,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^DuPree, David (April 22, 1980)."Weary Sonics Open Series With Fresh, Favored Lakers".The Washington Post.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Sakamoto, Bob (November 3, 1985)."Sonics Roll Past Bulls".Chicago Tribune.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^"SuperSonics Aren't Returning to Tacoma".Los Angeles Times.Associated Press. April 28, 1985.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^"Phoenix Suns at Seattle SuperSonics Box Score, April 7, 1985".Basketball-Reference.Sports Reference.RetrievedMay 18,2021.
- ^abcdefRaley, Dan (March 27, 2000)."Basketball had its Dome moments, too".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.p. E5.RetrievedAugust 28,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Farrey, Tom (July 28, 1991)."The Bottom Line -- Television Pays The Bills -- Sonics: Lost Money Until New NBC Contract".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^"Seattle chosen for 1987 NBA All-Star Game".United Press International. October 10, 1985.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Cotton, Anthony (February 9, 1987)."Fill-In Chambers Is All-Star MVP As West Prevails".The Washington Post.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^"SuperSonics Sold".The New York Times.Associated Press. October 15, 1983.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Granberry, Michael (February 4, 1989)."Arena Official Cautious About Sonics' Interest".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^"Mariners Favor Site South of Kingdome".Associated Press. April 30, 1996.RetrievedJune 11,2021.
- ^"Kingdome or Tacoma Dome interim home for Sonics?".United Press International. February 15, 1990.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Nelson, Robert T. (May 30, 1990)."City's OK Merely First Step In Ackerley's Arena Quest".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Lilly, Dick (June 26, 1991)."New Sonics Arena Dead - Financing Troubles Sideline Ackerley".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Atkin, Ross (August 2, 1994)."Seattle Supersonics Will Play 'Out of Town' All Next Season".The Christian Science Monitor.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Martin, Genna; McNertney, Case (October 11, 2018)."The day the Sonics came to Seattle".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.RetrievedMarch 23,2021.
- ^Schwarzmann, Bob (January 10, 1984)."Huskies' Germans conquer the Irish - Schrempf, Welp star in win".The Seattle Times.p. B1.RetrievedAugust 28,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Peoples, John (December 23, 1994)."NCAA, Huskies winners in Dome - UW rehearsal proves venue set for Final 4".The Seattle Times.p. C4.RetrievedAugust 28,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Schwarzmann, Bob (December 7, 1979)."Soviets run, pass, shoot, - and win".The Seattle Times.p. D1.RetrievedAugust 28,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Asher, Mark (April 4, 1984)."1984 NCAA Basketball Championship".The Washington Post.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Markus, Don (April 9, 1989)."They're Still Talking About the Call Against the Hall".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Helfand, Zach (March 16, 2015)."Twenty years ago, Tyus Edney saved UCLA's last NCAA title run".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Newnham, Blaine (March 27, 1998)."Without A Venue Like Kingdome, Seattle Has Seen Last Final Four".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Stevens, Patrick (March 26, 2017)."2017 March Madness: The Final Four from A to Z".The Washington Post.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Goodman, Jeff (November 14, 2014)."Phoenix ('17) among cities to land Final Four".ESPN.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Anderson, Lenny (February 18, 1979)."Trotters a Smash Hit".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.p. D2.RetrievedAugust 28,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Herberlein, Greg (June 21, 1980)."Westphal leads pros past Olympians".The Seattle Times.p. D1.RetrievedAugust 28,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"Games of the XXIInd Olympiad -- 1980".USA Basketball.June 10, 2010. Archived fromthe originalon April 29, 2015.RetrievedAugust 28,2021.
- ^Jares, Joe (April 19, 1976)."In a Kingdome by the Sea".Sports Illustrated.Vol. 44, no. 16.Time Inc.pp. 85–86.RetrievedMarch 18,2021.
- ^Pentz, Matt (April 9, 2016)."Sounders, Pele and the huge crowd at the Kingdome".The Seattle Times.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^O'Keefe, Vincent (April 10, 1976)."The King (Pele) stars in Kingdome".The Seattle Times.p. D1.RetrievedMay 22,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^abDrosendahl, Glenn (December 20, 2014)."Kingdome's first sporting event, an exhibition soccer match between the Seattle Sounders and New York Cosmos, draws crowd of 58,128 on April 9, 1976".HistoryLink.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^O'Keefe, Vince (April 26, 1976)."Sounders wipe out frustration".The Seattle Times.p. B1.RetrievedMay 23,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Meyers, Georg N. (August 26, 1977)."If ever the Kingdome was going to crumble..."The Seattle Times.p. C1.RetrievedMay 23,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Parietti, Walt (August 10, 1980)."Cosmos give Sounders the boot, 1–0".The Seattle Times.p. B1.RetrievedMay 23,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Massey, Matt (May 6, 2004)."Seattle loved the Sounders of '74".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 18,2021.
- ^abcSmith, Craig (September 14, 1983)."SOUNDERS: 1974-83".The Seattle Times.p. E1.RetrievedAugust 28,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Yannis, Alex (December 6, 1981)."N.A.S.L. Is Going Indoors in Big Way".The New York Times.p. S12.RetrievedMarch 18,2021.
- ^"Timbers-Sounders Game Opens NASL Indoor Season".Sarasota Herald-Tribune.United Press International. December 3, 1981. p. 15B.RetrievedMarch 18,2021– via Google News.
- ^Johnson, Heather (July 20, 2003)."Original Seattle Sounders (1974-1983)".HistoryLink.RetrievedMarch 18,2021.
- ^Smith, Craig (August 25, 1983)."Close shave: Sounders win by whisker".The Seattle Times.p. E1.RetrievedMay 23,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Smith, Craig (December 17, 1984)."Will Seattle get another shot at soccer final?".The Seattle Times.p. B9.RetrievedMay 19,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Edes, Gordon (December 15, 1985)."UCLA Wins Longest NCAA Soccer Final in 8th Overtime, 1-0".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedMarch 19,2021.
- ^Baker, Geoff (December 26, 2018)."Sigi Schmid, Sounders' first MLS coach, dies at 65".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 19,2021.
- ^O'Keefe, Vince (May 29, 1976)."Brazilians beat Team America, 2-0".The Seattle Times.p. C1.RetrievedMay 23,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Lewis, Michael (February 11, 2015)."How Eusébio and a team of Canadian Croatians took North American soccer by storm".The Guardian.RetrievedMarch 18,2021.
- ^"Toronto Records Soccer Bowl Win".The Spokesman-Review.Associated Press. August 29, 1976.RetrievedMarch 18,2021– via Google News.
- ^O'Keefe, Vince (October 21, 1976)."Speedy U. S. booters win".The Seattle Times.p. G1.RetrievedMay 23,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Lisi, Clemente Angelo (March 28, 2011).A History of the World Cup, 1930–2010.Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p. 144.ISBN9780810877542.RetrievedMay 23,2021.
- ^Yannis, Alex (January 21, 1979)."U.S. Soccer Squads Regrouping".The New York Times.p. S9.RetrievedJune 11,2021.
- ^Reed, J. D. (February 12, 1979)."Coming of age in Seattle".Sports Illustrated.Time Inc. pp. 42, 44.
- ^Pentz, Matt (March 17, 2021)."'Seattle deserves this': Inside their second bid to be a World Cup host city ".The Athletic.RetrievedMay 23,2021.
- ^Robinson, Herb (October 6, 1985)."Too many domes?".Editorial.The Seattle Times.p. A18 – via NewsBank.
- ^Mahoney, Sally Gene (February 3, 1983)."Designs for state convention center unveiled".The Seattle Times.p. C2 – via NewsBank.
- ^Schaefer, David (April 1, 1983)."Convention center to be at freeway site".The Seattle Times.p. A1 – via NewsBank.
- ^"Graham packs 'em in".Ellensburg Daily Record.UPI. May 15, 1976. p. 6.
- ^"Billy Graham crusade drew".Ellensburg Daily Record.UPI. May 17, 1976. p. 8.
- ^Balter, Joni (August 22, 1986)."Mariner schedule throws curve at GOP".The Seattle Times.p. C1 – via NewsBank.
- ^"Advertisement".Seattle Times.March 19, 1977. p. C2.
- ^Dougherty, Gary (January 29, 1999)."Supercross – Big bikes will run at Kingdome for last time".The Seattle Times.p. E2.RetrievedApril 20,2022.
- ^"2015 AMA Supercross media guide"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on October 13, 2016.RetrievedJune 20,2015.
- ^abcd"Kingdome looms large in Seattle's concert history".The Seattle Times.March 26, 2000.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^"Helluva show, whatever you saw".The Seattle Times.June 11, 1976. p. B3.RetrievedMay 1,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^MacDonald, Patrick (November 1, 2005)."Paul's always been fab to us".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 31,2021.
- ^"Top Boxoffice"(PDF).Billboard.Vol. 88, no. 34. August 21, 1976. p. 27.ISSN0006-2510.RetrievedAugust 6,2022.
- ^"Boxscore"(PDF).Billboard.Vol. 88, no. 38. September 18, 1976. p. 29.ISSN0006-2510.RetrievedMarch 31,2021.
- ^Arthur, George (July 10, 1977). "Reflections on Frampton's Kingdome Extravaganza".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.p. G4.
- ^abMcNerthney, Casey (June 1, 2011)."The Kingdome's Biggest Events".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.
- ^Morlin, Bill (October 15, 1981)."Rolling Stone give fans 'satisfaction'".Spokane Daily Chronicle.p. 52.
- ^Eals, Clay (August 16, 2019)."The Stones roll from the covered Kingdome to the open air of CenturyLink Field".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 31,2021.
- ^"Girl's fatal mishap mars Stones' second concert".Spokane Daily Chronicle.UPI. October 16, 1981. p. 6.
- ^"A 16-year-old girl waiting to get into a Rolling..."United Press International. October 16, 1981.RetrievedMarch 31,2021.
- ^"Boxscore".Billboard.Vol. 94, no. 31. August 7, 1982. p. 37.ISSN0006-2510.RetrievedMarch 31,2021– via Google Books.
- ^Cartwright, Jane (October 21, 1982)."For Who the bell tolls: 55,000 fans say goodbye".The Seattle Times.p. D1.RetrievedMay 1,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Finnigan, Bob (May 23, 1983)."Mariners cash in on Beach Boys".The Seattle Times.p. D3.RetrievedMay 1,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"The Hits Don't Stop When The Game Is Over".Ballard News-Tribune(advertisement). May 18, 1983. p. 11.RetrievedMarch 31,2021– via SmallTownPapers.
- ^MacDonald, Patrick (July 16, 1987)."Live video - Madonna's Kingdome concert might as well have been on TV".The Seattle Times.p. D1.RetrievedApril 5,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"Amusement Business Boxscore: Top Concert Grosses"(PDF).Billboard.Vol. 100, no. 2. January 9, 1988. p. 25.ISSN0006-2510.RetrievedMarch 31,2021.
- ^Lacitis, Erik (July 28, 1988)."What's behind those skull-emblazoned t-shirts? You'd be surprised".The Seattle Times.p. E1.RetrievedApril 5,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^MacDonald, Patrick (March 30, 1990)."Paul McCartney - 'Yesterday' is back and 50,000 fans enjoy a special intimacy with this dynamic performer".The Seattle Times.p. E1.RetrievedApril 5,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^"Amusement Business Boxscore: Top Concert Grosses"(PDF).Billboard.Vol. 102, no. 40. October 6, 1990. p. 33.ISSN0006-2510.RetrievedMarch 31,2021.
- ^"Amusement Business Boxscore: Top 10 Concert Grosses".Billboard.Vol. 104, no. 43. October 24, 1992. p. 22.ISSN0006-2510.RetrievedMarch 31,2021– via Google Books.
- ^"Amusement Business Boxscore: Top 10 Concert Grosses".Billboard.Vol. 107, no. 1. January 7, 1995. p. 13.ISSN0006-2510.RetrievedMarch 31,2021– via Google Books.
- ^ab"Amusement Business Boxscore: Top 10 Concert Grosses".Billboard.Vol. 109, no. 52. December 27, 1997. p. 24.ISSN0006-2510.RetrievedMarch 31,2021– via Google Books.
- ^Gordon, Bill (October 23, 1983). "Million-dollar woes for Kingdome".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.p. A1.
- ^abcDrosendahl, Glenn (September 11, 2010)."Safeco Field, the Seattle Mariners' long-sought stadium, opens on July 15, 1999".HistoryLink.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^Farrey, Tom; Balter, Joni (June 9, 1992)."M's Sale Gets Go-Ahead -- Full Acceptance Of Offer Predicted For Tomorrow".The Seattle Times.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^Lewis, Mike (February 16, 2001)."Taxpayers Off Hook For Safeco Field - Mariners Drop Attempt To Recoup Cost Overruns From The Public".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.p. B1.RetrievedMarch 25,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^abNalder, Eric; Guillen, Tomas (August 28, 1994)."Years Of Fixes Turned Leaky Kingdome Roof Into Sodden Disaster".The Seattle Times.RetrievedApril 8,2010.
- ^abcCondotta, Bob (July 19, 2004)."Ten years after the Kingdome tiles fell".The Seattle Times.Archived fromthe originalon December 6, 2004.RetrievedMarch 26,2021.
- ^Schaefer, David (November 3, 1994)."Dome To Reopen With Repair Budget In Red".The Seattle Times.RetrievedApril 9,2010.
- ^Postman, David (October 15, 1995)."Legislature OKs plan for stadium - but county must pass taxes; Dome repairs not covered".The Seattle Times.p. A1.RetrievedMarch 25,2021– via NewsBank.
- ^Wright, Bart (April 21, 1996)."Allen goes long to purchase Seahawks".Kitsap Sun.Gannett.Archivedfrom the original on October 22, 2020.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^abCrowley, Walt (September 22, 2001)."Washington voters approve funding for new Seahawks Stadium on June 17, 1997".HistoryLink.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^"Paul Allen Ventures into Seattle Election".Wired.Condé Nast. June 19, 1997.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^"Seattle Mariners may use Kingdome for an extra year".Ellensburg Daily Record.Associated Press. February 14, 1997. p. 11.RetrievedMarch 25,2021– via Google News.
- ^Cour, Jim (July 17, 1997)."Final piles driven for Mariners' new $414 million stadium".Associated Press.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^"Mariners Break Ground On Their Future".The Spokesman-Review.Associated Press. March 9, 1997.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^abCour, Jim (June 27, 1999)."No Love Lost for Kingdome".Los Angeles Times.Associated Press.RetrievedMarch 25,2021.
- ^Maebori, Jay (June 28, 1999)."END OF AN ERA: Griffey turns off Dome lights".Kitsap Sun.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^Tov, Yom (October 9, 2006)."I did the Dome: Skateboarder tells all".Seattle Weekly.Sound Publishing.RetrievedMarch 30,2021.
- ^"Dome pranksters may be charged".The Seattle Times.February 25, 2000.RetrievedMarch 30,2021.
- ^Satchell, Michael (June 22, 2003)."Bringing Down The House".U.S. News & World Report.Archived fromthe originalon May 23, 2010.RetrievedSeptember 8,2010.
There's the Seattle Kingdome (largest structure by volume)...
- ^Reader, Bill (January 26, 2004)."Great moments in dome history".The Seattle Times.Archived fromthe originalon May 24, 2011.RetrievedSeptember 8,2010.
Seattle's very own Kingdome (1976) remains the only dome to be imploded.
- ^"ESPN Classic to air Kingdome retrospective, implosion".Seattle Post-Intelligencer.March 20, 2000. Archived fromthe originalon September 9, 2010.RetrievedSeptember 8,2010.
...ESPN's SportsCenter will cut in for live coverage of the actual implosion -- the first live event ever televised by ESPN Classic.
- ^Brunner, Jim; Young, Bob (January 4, 2005)."Q&A: Stadium tax proposal".The Seattle Times.Archived fromthe originalon May 24, 2011.RetrievedSeptember 8,2010.
- ^Belson, Ken (September 7, 2010)."As Stadiums Vanish, Their Debt Lives On".The New York Times.p. A8. Archived fromthe originalon June 18, 2022.RetrievedSeptember 8,2010.
Residents of Seattle's King County owe more than $80 million for the Kingdome, which was razed in 2000.
- ^abcdeLowry, Phil (2006).Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebrations of All 273 Major League and Negro League Ballparks Past and Present.New York City: Addison Wesley Publishing Company.ISBN0-201-62229-7.
- ^Jim Cour (July 15, 1981)."Seattle Natives Aren't Restless About the Kingdome Anymore".Los Angeles Times.Archived fromthe originalon January 4, 2013.
- ^John Powers (December 16, 1984)."Ease On Down the Road. NFL Clubs Are Packing It in for New Cities and Sweetheart Deals".Boston Globe.Archived fromthe originalon December 9, 2012.
- ^"Elway's Super Year May Lead to Super Year".The Gazette (Colorado Springs).November 27, 1993.
- ^Hec Hancock (October 19, 1980)."Thanks Be to Paul".Tri City Herald.
- ^Yokley, Richard C.; Sutherland, Rozane (2008)."Chapter 14: The Emergency! Movies".Emergency!: Behind the Scene.Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. pp. 270–272.ISBN9780763748968.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^"Crushed".Full House.Season 5. Episode 16. January 14, 1992. ABC.Full House Scripts - Season 5: Episode 110 * Crushed.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
Jesse:My pleasure. Thank you. You know, I dabble in music myself there, Tom. You may have heard of my band, Jesse and the Rippers?Tommy:Yeah, didn't you play in Seattle this summer?Jesse:Yes, we did. We played a little club near the university over there, yeah.Tommy:Cool. I was playing at the Kingdome.Jesse:That's nice if you're into big stadiums and a lot of money. I prefer small intimate places where I can split a pizza with my audience.
[dead YouTube link] - ^"Secret Admirer".Frasier.Season 6. Episode 6. November 5, 1998. NBC.Transcript of Frasier Season 6 Episode 6.
So then Daphne takes a left on Madison. Bumper to bumper all the way to Pike. Then a right on Pike. And what do you know? King Dome [sic] traffic!
- ^"Concrete".Modern Marvels.Season 6. Episode 16. May 31, 2000. 1 minutes in. The History Channel.
- ^Foo Fighters (January 25, 2017) [1997].New Way Home.Roswell Records. Event occurs at 1:31.Archivedfrom the original on December 21, 2021 – via YouTube.
I pass boats and the Kingdome
- ^Matson, Andrew (January 4, 2011)."Thinking about Macklemore and Ryan Lewis' rap tribute to Dave Niehaus," My Oh My "".The Seattle Times.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^McGarvey, Sean (April 28, 2011)."Seattle Mariners: My Oh My; Seattle Rapper's Tribute to Dave Niehaus".Bleacher Report.Turner Broadcasting System.RetrievedFebruary 23,2021.
- ^Macklemore LLC(January 12, 2011).Macklemore and Ryan Lewis - My Oh My (Official Video)(Music video). YouTube.Archivedfrom the original on December 21, 2021.
- ^"All Tracks Gran Turismo 2".IGN.December 9, 1999.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Perry, Douglass C. (May 11, 2000)."E3 2000: Gran Turismo 2000 Impressions".IGN.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
- ^Howarth, Robert (April 11, 2007)."World in Conflict Single Player Previews".IGN.RetrievedMarch 24,2021.
Bibliography
[edit]- Mullins, William H. (2013).Becoming Big League: Seattle, the Pilots, and Stadium Politics.Seattle: University of Washington Press.ISBN978-0-295-99425-3.RetrievedMarch 26,2021– via Google Books.
External links
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official websiteat theWayback Machine(archived October 22, 1999)
- The Story behind the implosion of The Seattle Kingdome
- Kingdome: The Controversial Birth of a Seattle Icon (1959–1976)
- Video of Kingdome implosionviaKING-TV
Events and tenants | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by first stadium
|
Home of the Seattle Seahawks 1976 – 1999 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by first ballpark
|
Home of the Seattle Mariners 1977 – 1999 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Home of the Seattle SuperSonics 1978 – 1985 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | NCAAMen's Division I Basketball tournament Finals Venue 1984 1989 1995 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Host of theNFL Pro Bowl 1977 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Host of theMLB All-Star Game 1979 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Host of the NBA All-Star Game 1987 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Host of theCollege Cup 1984–1985 |
Succeeded by |
- Covered stadiums in the United States
- 2000 disestablishments in Washington (state)
- Buildings and structures demolished by controlled implosion
- Defunct college baseball venues in the United States
- Defunct college football venues
- Defunct college soccer venues in the United States
- Defunct Major League Baseball venues
- Defunct National Football League venues
- Defunct soccer venues in the United States
- Defunct indoor soccer venues in the United States
- Defunct American football venues in the United States
- Defunct baseball venues in the United States
- Defunct multi-purpose stadiums in the United States
- Demolished sports venues in Washington (state)
- Seattle Mariners stadiums
- Seattle Seahawks stadiums
- Seattle SuperSonics
- Seattle Sounders (1974–1983)
- Basketball venues in Washington (state)
- Soccer venues in Washington (state)
- American football venues in Washington (state)
- Baseball venues in Washington (state)
- Baseball venues in Seattle
- Multi-purpose stadiums in the United States
- Former NBA venues
- Architecture in Washington (state)
- Concrete shell structures
- Modernist architecture in Washington (state)
- Sports venues in Seattle
- Sports venues completed in 1976
- Sports venues demolished in 2000
- North American Soccer League (1968–1984) indoor venues
- North American Soccer League (1968–1984) stadiums
- Demolished buildings and structures in Washington (state)
- 1976 establishments in Washington (state)
- Washington Huskies baseball
- NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament Final Four venues
- Defunct covered stadiums