Kirill Razumovsky
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Kirill Razumovsky | |
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 Portrait of by Louis Tocqué, 1758 | |
| Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host | |
| In office 1750–1764 | |
| Monarchs | Elizabeth Peter III Catherine the Great |
| Preceded by | Office re-established(previouslyDanylo Apostol) |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 18 March 1728 Lemeshi, Kiev Regiment,Cossack Hetmanate,Russian Empire |
| Died | 9 January 1803(aged 74) Baturin,Chernigov Governorate,Russian Empire |
| Resting place | Refectory Church of Resurrection of Christ,[1]Baturyn |
| Spouse | Yekaterina Naryshkina |
| Children | 11, includingAleksey,Andrey,GrigoryandNatalia |
| Residence(s) | Saint Petersburg Baturin |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Russia |
| Rank | General field marshal(1764) |
CountKirill Grigoryevich RazumovskyorRazumovski(also known asCyril Razumovski;Russian:Кирилл Григорьевич Разумовский;Ukrainian:Кирило Григорович Розумовський,romanized:Kyrylo Hryhorovych Rozumovskyi;[2]29 March [O.S.18 March] 1728 – 21 January [O.S.9 January] 1803) was a Russian statesman ofUkrainian Cossackorigin who served as the lasthetman of the Zaporozhian Hoston both sides of theDnieper(from 1750 to 1764) and then as aGeneral field marshalin theImperial Russian Army.Razumovsky was also the president of theSt. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciencesfrom 1746 to 1798.
Biography[edit]
Kirill Rozum was born into the family of the low-rankCossackGrigory (Hryhoriy) Rozum in the settlement of Lemeshi in theKiev Regiment(now inChernihiv Raion,Chernihiv Oblast,Ukraine) on 18 March 1728.[1]
From 1743 to 1744, Kirill Razumovsky incognito attended theUniversity of Göttingen.Razumovsky's adjutant in his journey to Germany wasGrigory Teplov.Teplov wielded influence overLittle Russiain his capacity as the secretary and advisor to Kirill Razumovsky (whose cousin he married). Razumovsky was appointed President of theRussian Academy of Scienceswhen he just turned 18 years old due to the influence of his brother,Aleksey Razumovsky,the morganatic husband ofEmpress Elisabeth of Russia.
In 1750, Razumovsky was elected and subsequently appointedHetman of Zaporizhian Host,a title he held untilCatherine II of Russiaabolished this title in 1764, in exchange Razumovsky was granted a rank of Field marshal of Russian Army in 1764. During his service as Hetman of Zaporizhian Host,Baturinwas re-established as residence of the Hetman, and Razumovsky had opulent baroque palaces erected both in Baturin as well as inGlukhovby the imperial architectAndrey Kvasovand Charles Cameron. Together withGrigory Teplovhe also planned to open auniversityin Baturin. Kirill Razumovsky died in January 1803 in Baturin, where he was interred according to his wishes without any pomp, in stark contrast to his rather flamboyant lifestyle.
Kirill marriedYekaterina Naryshkinaand had five sons, of whom Count Aleksey Kirillovich Razumovsky (1748–1822) was the Minister of Education in 1810–1816, and PrinceAndrey Razumovsky(1752–1836) was the Russian plenipotentiary ambassador inViennain the years of the Congress 1814–1815. However, Andrey has become better known for his role as patron of Ludwig van Beethoven who dedicated three String Quartets, Op.59 1, 2 and 3, as well as the 5th and 6th Symphonies to him. Any living descendants in the male line of Kirill Razumovsky arise from the progeniture of his fourth sonGregory Razumovsky(1759–1837), who had to emigrate to Western Europe and acquired relative fame as natural scientist and member of a number of distinguished scientific societies in Austria, Prussia and Switzerland.
Coat of arms[edit]
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Legacy[edit]
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- In 2009, on the Day of Unity of Ukraine, a monument titledPrayer for Ukrainewas unveiled inBaturyn.In it are represented five hetmans:Demian Ihnatovych,Ivan Samoilovych,Ivan Mazepa,Pylyp Orlykand Kirill Razumovsky.
- In 2010 theMoscow State University of Technology and Administrationwas named in honour of Razumovsky.
References[edit]
- ^abPutro, O.Kyrylo Rozumovsky (РОЗУМОВСЬКИЙ КИРИЛО ГРИГОРОВИЧ).Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine.
- ^Oleksander Ohloblyn.Rozumovsky, Kyrylo.Encyclopedia of Ukraine
Bibliography[edit]
- This article includes content derived from theRussian Biographical Dictionary,1896–1918.
Further reading[edit]
- Maria Razumovsky.Die Rasumovskys: eine Familie am Zarenhof. Köln 1998. — 300 S.
External links[edit]
- Kyrylo Rozumovskyat theEncyclopedia of Ukraine
- Kyrylo Rozumovskyat the Jurist Encyclopedia
- Palace's secrets. Kirill Razumovskiy, the Last Hetman.Kultura TV Channel (Russia).
- Koliada, I; Milko, V.Kyrylo Rozumovsky."Folio".
- Kyrylo Rozumovsky.Ukrainians in the World.
- Soroka, Yu.Hetmanless period and the last Hetman of Ukraine.
| Predecessor Governing Council (Yakiv Lyzohub) |
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Hetman of Zaporizhian Host 1750–1764 |
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Successor Collegium of Little Russia (post liquidated) |
| International | |
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| National | |
| People | |
| Other | |
- 1728 births
- 1803 deaths
- People from Chernihiv Oblast
- People from Kiev Governorate (1708–1764)
- Ukrainian people in the Russian Empire
- People from the Cossack Hetmanate
- University of Göttingen alumni
- Hetmans of Zaporizhian Host
- Field marshals of the Russian Empire
- Razumovsky family
- Torbanists
- Full members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
- 18th-century Ukrainian people
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 4th class
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 3rd class
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
- Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)