Komuz languages
| Komuz | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Sudan–Ethiopiaborder region |
| Linguistic classification | Nilo-Saharan?
|
| Subdivisions | |
| Glottolog | None |
TheKomuz languagesare a proposed branch of theNilo-Saharanlanguage family which would include theKoman languages,theGumuz languagesand theShabo language,all spoken in south-easternSudanand westernEthiopia.Nilo-Saharan specialists have vacillated on a genealogical relationship between theKomanand Gumuz languages, a relationship calledKomuz.Greenberg (1963) had included Gumuz in the Koman language family. Bender (1989, 1991) classified them together in a distant relationship he calledKomuz,but by 1996 he had reversed himself, though he kept both groups in core Nilo-Saharan. Dimmendaal (2008) kept them together, though expressed doubts over whether they belonged in Nilo-Saharan, later referring to Gumuz as an isolate (2011). Ahland (2010, 2012), on the basis of new Gumuz data, resurrected the hypothesis. Blench (2010) independently came to the same conclusion and suggested that theShabo languagemight be a third, outlying branch. The classification of Shabo is difficult because of a strong Koman influence on the language that is independent of any genealogical relationship between them. Schnoebelen (2009), moreover, sees Shabo as a likely isolate.
KomanandGumuzare also grouped together in an automated computational analysis (ASJP4) by Müller et al. (2013).[1]However, since the analysis was automatically generated, the grouping could be either due to mutual lexical borrowing or genetic inheritance.
Languages[edit]
Shabo is included per Blench (2010).
External links[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Müller, André, Viveka Velupillai, Søren Wichmann, Cecil H. Brown, Eric W. Holman, Sebastian Sauppe, Pamela Brown, Harald Hammarström, Oleg Belyaev, Johann-Mattis List, Dik Bakker, Dmitri Egorov, Matthias Urban, Robert Mailhammer, Matthew S. Dryer, Evgenia Korovina, David Beck, Helen Geyer, Pattie Epps, Anthony Grant, and Pilar Valenzuela. 2013.ASJP World Language Trees of Lexical Similarity: Version 4 (October 2013).
- Colleen Ahland, "The Classification of Gumuz and Koman Languages",[1]presented at theLanguage Isolates in Africaworkshop, Lyons, December 4, 2010
- Colleen Ahland, 2012. "A Grammar of Northern and Southern Gumuz", doctoral dissertation, University of Oregon.
- Lionel Bender,1983. "Proto-Koman phonology and lexicon", "Afrika und Übersee" 66: 259–297.
- Lionel Bender, 1991. "Subclassification of Nilo-Saharan". In M. Lionel Bender, ed., Proceedings of the Fourth Nilo-Saharan Linguistics Colloquium, Bayreuth, Aug.30-Sep.2, 1989. NISA 7, 1–35. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag.
- Lionel Bender, 1996. "The Nilo-Saharan languages: a comparative essay", Munich: Lincom Europa.
- Lionel Bender, 2000. "Nilo-Saharan". In Bernd Heine and Derek Nurse, eds.,African Languages: An Introduction.Cambridge University Press.
- Roger Blench,2010. Commentary on Ahland (2010) at theLanguage Isolates in Africaworkshop, Lyons, December 4, 2010
- Gerrit Dimmendaal,2008. "Language Ecology and Linguistic Diversity on the African Continent",Language and Linguistics Compass2/5:842.
- Gerrit J. Dimmendaal,2011. "Historical linguistics and the comparative study of African languages". Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
- Joseph Greenberg,1963.The Languages of Africa(International Journal of American Linguistics29.1). Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
- Tyler Schnoebelen, 2009. "(Un)classifying Shabo: phylogenetic methods and results". Peter K. Austin, Oliver Bond,Monik Charette,David Nathan & Peter Sells, eds.,Proceedings of Conference on Language Documentation and Linguistic Theory 2.London: SOAS.[2](long version, unpublished[3])