Cotyla
- The cotylae are also features on theproximal end of the radiusandof the ulnainbirds.
Inclassical antiquity,thecotylaorcotyle(fromAncient Greekκοτύλη(kotúlē),'cup, bowl') was a measure of capacity among theGreeksandRomans:by the latter it was also calledhemina;by the former,τρυβλίονandἡμίναorἡμίμνα.It was the half of thesextarius[1]orξέστης,and contained sixcyathi,or nearly half apintEnglish.[2]
This measure was used by physicians with a graduated scale marked on it for measuring out given weights of fluids, especiallyoil.A vessel or horn, of a cubic or cylindrical shape, and of the capacity of acotyla,was divided into twelve equal parts by lines cut on its side. The whole vessel was calledlitra,and each of the parts anounce(uncia). This measure held nine ounces (by weight) of oil, so that the ratio of the weight of the oil to the number of ounces it occupied in the measure would be 9:12 or 3:4.[2]
Nicolas Chorier(1612–1692) observes that thecotylawas used as a dry measure as well as a liquid one, from the authority ofThucydides,who in one place mentions two cotylae of wine, and in another twocotylaeof bread.[3]
The name is also given to a type ofancient Greek vasebroadly similar in shape to askyphosbut more closely resembling akantharos.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^From theCarmen de ponderibus et mensuriswe have the following:
- At cotylas, quas si placeat dixisse licebit
- Eminas, recipit geminas sextarius unus
- ^ab
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain:Smith, William,ed. (1870). "Co'tyla".Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities.London: John Murray. p. 367.
- ^This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain:Chambers, Ephraim,ed. (1728).Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences(1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al.
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