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Kryo

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

QualcommKryo[1]is a series of custom or semi-customARM-based CPUs included in theSnapdragonline ofSoCs.

These CPUs implement theARM64-bit instruction set and serve as the successor to the previous 32-bitKraitCPUs. It was first introduced in the Snapdragon 820 (2015). In 2017 Qualcomm released the Snapdragon 636 and Snapdragon 660, the first mid-range Kryo SoCs. In 2018 the first entry-level SoC with Kryo architecture, the Snapdragon 632, was released.

Kryo (original)

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First announced in September 2015 and used in theSnapdragon 820SoC.[2]The original Kryo cores can be used in both parts of thebig.LITTLEconfiguration, where two dual-core clusters (in the case of Snapdragon 820 and 821) run at different clock frequency, similar to how bothCortex-A53clusters work in the Snapdragon 615.

The Kryo in the 820/821 is an in-house custom ARMv8.0-A (AArch64/AArch32) design and not based on an ARM Cortex design.

  • 820: 2x Kryo Performance @ 2.15 GHz + 2x Kryo Efficiency @ 1.59 GHz
  • 821: 2x Kryo Performance @ 2.34 GHz + 2x Kryo Efficiency @ 2.19 GHz
  • 32 KB L1i + 32 KB L1d cache[3]
  • 1 MB L2 cache (Performance cluster) and 512 KB L2 cache for (Efficiency cluster)
  • Samsung14 nm LPP Process
  • Performance core+L2 die size: 2.79mm2[4]

Kryo 200 Series

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The Kryo 200 Series CPUs is not a derivative of the original Kryo microarchitecture, but rather is a semi-custom design licensed under ARM’sBuilt on ARM Cortex Technology (BoC) license.The Kryo 200 Series CPUs is derivative of theARM'sCortex-A73for the Performance/Gold cluster andCortex-A53for the Efficiency/Silver cluster in a big.LITTLE arrangement.[5]

Kryo 280

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The Kryo 280 CPU was announced along with the Snapdragon 835 Mobile Platform in November 2016.[6]Compared to the original Kryo the new Kryo 280 core has improvedintegerinstructions per clockbut lowerfloating pointinstructions per clock.[5]However overall the 835 was praised by reviewers for offering significant performance and efficiency advantage compared to the 820 andExynos 8895largely due to improvements in CPU scheduling and DVFS systems.[7]

  • 835: 4x Kryo 280 Performance @ 2.45 GHz + 4x Kryo 280 Efficiency @ 1.90 GHz
  • 2 MB L2 cache (performance cluster) and 1 MB L2 cache (efficiency cluster)
  • Samsung10 nm LPE Process

Kryo 265

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The Kryo 265 CPU was announced along with the Snapdragon 680 Mobile Platform in October 2021.[8]

  • 685: 4x Kryo 265 Gold (Cortex-A73 derivative) @ 2.8GHz + 4x Kryo 265 Silver (Cortex-A53 derivative) @ 1.9 GHz
  • 680: 4x Kryo 265 Gold (Cortex-A73 derivative) @ 2.4GHz + 4x Kryo 265 Silver (Cortex-A53 derivative) @ 1.9 GHz
  • TSMC6 nm N6 Process

Kryo 260

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The Kryo 260 CPU was announced along with the Snapdragon 660 Mobile Platform for mid-range smartphone in May 2017.[9]The Kryo 260 cores are also used in the Snapdragon 636, Snapdragon 665, and Snapdragon 662.

  • 665/662: 4x Kryo 260 Gold (Cortex-A73derivative) @ 2.0 GHz + 4x Kryo 260 Silver (Cortex-A53derivative) @ 1.8 GHz
  • 660: 4x Kryo 260 Performance @ 2.2 GHz + 4x Kryo 260 Efficiency @ 1.8 GHz
  • 636: 4x Kryo 260 Performance/Gold @ 1.8 GHz + 4x Kryo 260 Efficiency/Silver @ 1.6 GHz
  • 2 MiB L2 cache for Performance/Gold and 1 MiB L2 cache for Efficiency/Silver cores
  • 660/636:Samsung14nmLPP Process[10]
  • 665/662:Samsung11 nm LPP Process[11]

Kryo 250

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Kryo 250 CPU was introduced in the Snapdragon 632 Mobile Platform, announced in June 2018.[12]Also built on a 14 nm process, it is similar to Kryo 260, with a few differences in the size for L2 cache. Qualcomm claims the Snapdragon 632 has an increased performance of 40% compared to the Snapdragon 625/450, which only uses Cortex-A53 cores. Kryo 250 is also the first in the series to be used on an entry-level platform.

  • 632: 4x Kryo 250 Performance (Cortex-A73 based) @ 1.8 GHz + 4x Kryo 250 Efficiency (Cortex-A53 based) @ 1.8 GHz[13]
  • Samsung14LPP Process

Kryo 240

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Kryo 240 CPU was introduced in the Snapdragon 460 Mobile Platform, announced beginning 2020.[14]Built on 11 nm process, uses Cortex-A73 and Cortex-A53 cores with big.LITTLE architecture. Qualcomm claims this CPU have an increased performance of 70% compared to previous generation (the Snapdragon 450), which only uses Cortex-A53 cores. Kryo 240 is to be used on an entry-level platform.

  • 460: 4x Kryo 240 Gold (Cortex-A73 based) @ 1.8 GHz + 4x Kryo 240 Silver (Cortex-A53 based) @ 1.8 GHz[14]
  • 11 nm LPP process, first in Snapdragon 4-series line

Kryo 300 Series

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The Kryo 300 Series CPUs features semi-custom Gold and Silver cores derivative ofArm'sCortex-A75andCortex-A55respectively, arranged in configurations withDynamIQ.[15]These are Qualcomm's first CPUs to support ARMv8.2-A andDynamIQ.DynamIQ allows for more flexibility in CPU configuration including the amounts of cores/cache in each CPU clusters.

Kryo 385

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The Kryo 385 core was announced as a part of the Snapdragon 845 in December 2017. Qualcomm expected 25–30% increased performance in task run on the high-performance cores, and 15% increase on efficiency cores, relative to the Snapdragon 835.[16]Testing found significant advantages in performance and efficiency compared with theExynos 8895 and 9810.[17]The Kryo 385 is also used in the Snapdragon 850.

  • 845: 4x Kryo 385 Gold @ 2.8 GHz + 4x Kryo 385 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • 850: 4x Kryo 385 Gold @ 2.95 GHz + 4x Kryo 385 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • 4x256KB L2 cache for Gold and 4x128KB L2 cache for Silver
  • 2MB L3 in DSU @ 1478 MHz and 3MB system cache
  • Samsung10 nm LPP Process
  • CPU die size: 11.39mm²
  • Gold core+L2 die size: 1.57mm²
  • Silver core+L2 die size: ~0.53mm²[17]

Kryo 360

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The Kryo 360 is Qualcomm's upper mid-range semi-custom core. It was introduced in Snapdragon 710, announced in May 2018.[18]The Kryo 360 is also used in the Snapdragon 670 and 712.

  • 712: 2x Kryo 360 Gold @ 2.3 GHz + 6x Kryo 360 Silver @ 1.7 GHz
  • 710: 2x Kryo 360 Gold @ 2.2 GHz + 6x Kryo 360 Silver @ 1.7 GHz
  • 670: 2x Kryo 360 Gold @ 2.0 GHz + 6x Kryo 360 Silver @ 1.7 GHz
  • Samsung10 nm LPP Process

Kryo 400 Series

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The Kryo 400 Series CPUs features semi-custom Gold Prime/Gold and Silver cores derivative ofARM'sCortex-A76andCortex-A55respectively, arranged in configurations withDynamIQ.[15]Qualcomm revealed that their semi-customCortex-A76have larger out-of-order execution window (reorder buffer) and data prefetchers more optimised in floating point workloads.[19]

Kryo 495

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The Kryo 495 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 8cx on 6 December 2018.[20]Qualcomm claims the 8cx is 60% more efficient than the Snapdragon 850.

  • 8cx: 4x Kryo 495 Gold @ 2.84 GHz+ 4x Kryo 495 Silver @ 1.80 GHz[21][22]
  • Microsoft SQ1: 4x Kryo 495 Gold @ 3 GHz+ 4x Kryo 495 Silver @ 1.80 GHz[23]
  • 2MB L3 cache
  • TSMC7 nm CLN7FF (N7) Process[24]

Kryo 490

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The Kryo 490 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 8c on 5 December 2019.[25]

  • 8c: 4x Kryo 490 Gold @ 2.45 GHz + 4x Kryo 490 Silver[26]
  • 7 nm

Kryo 485

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The Kryo 485 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 855 on 5 December 2018. Qualcomm claims up to 45% increase in performance compared to 845's Kryo 385.[27]Testing found the 855 outperformed the 845 by 51% in SPECint2006, 61% in SPECfp2006 and 39% in power efficiency.[28]The 855 also is significantly more efficient than theExynos 9820.[19]

  • 855: 1x Kryo 485 Gold Prime @ 2.84 GHz + 3x Kryo 485 Gold @ 2.42 GHz + 4x Kryo 485 Silver @ 1.80 GHz
  • 855+/860: 1x Kryo 485 Gold Prime @ 2.96 GHz + 3x Kryo 485 Gold @ 2.42 GHz + 4x Kryo 485 Silver @ 1.80 GHz
  • 1x512KB pL2 cache for Gold Prime, 3x256KB pL2 cache for Gold and 4x128KB pL2 cache for Silver
  • 2MB sL3 cache @ 1612 MHz and 3MB system level cache
  • TSMC7 nm CLN7FF (N7) Process

Kryo 475

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The Kryo 475 CPU is Qualcomm's upper mid-range semi-custom core. It was introduced on 4 December 2019 in the Snapdragon 765 and 765G, and May 2020 in the Snapdragon 768G.[29][30]

  • 768G: 1x Kryo 475 Prime @ 2.8 GHz + 1x Kryo 475 Gold @ 2.42 GHz + 6x Kryo 475 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • 765: 1x Kryo 475 Prime @ 2.3 GHz + 1x Kryo 475 Gold @ 2.2 GHz + 6x Kryo 475 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • 765G: 1x Kryo 475 Prime @ 2.4 GHz + 1x Kryo 475 Gold @ 2.2 GHz + 6x Kryo 475 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • ?MB system level cache
  • Samsung7 nm EUV (7LPP) Process

Kryo 470

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The Kryo 470 CPU is Qualcomm's upper mid-range semi-custom core. It was introduced in April 2019 in the Snapdragon 730 and 730G, and August 2020 in the Snapdragon 732G.

  • 732G: 2x Kryo 470 Gold @ 2.3 GHz + 6x Kryo 470 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • 730/730G: 2x Kryo 470 Gold @ 2.2 GHz + 6x Kryo 470 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • 256KB L2 cache for Gold and 128KB L2 cache for Silver cores
  • 1MB system level cache
  • Samsung8 nm LPP Process

Kryo 468

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The Kryo 468 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 7c on 5 December 2019.[25]

  • 7c: 2x Kryo 468 Gold @ 2.4 GHz + 6x Kryo 468 Silver[31]
  • 8 nm

Kryo 465

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The Kryo 465 CPU is Qualcomm's upper mid-range semi-custom core. It was introduced in January 2020 in the Snapdragon 720G, with hardware support forNavIC.

  • 720G: 2x Kryo 465 Gold @ 2.3 GHz + 6x Kryo 465 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • 1MB system level cache
  • Samsung8 nm LPP Process

Kryo 460

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The Kryo 460 CPU is Qualcomm's mid-range semi-custom core. It was introduced in October 2018 in theSnapdragon675,[32]in January 2021 in the Snapdragon 480[33]

  • 678: 2x Kryo 460 Gold @ 2.2 GHz + 6x Kryo 460 Silver @ 1.7 GHz
  • 675: 2x Kryo 460 Gold @ 2.0 GHz + 6x Kryo 460 Silver @ 1.7 GHz
  • 480+: 2x Kryo 460 Gold @ 2.2 GHz + 6x Kryo 460 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • 480: 2x Kryo 460 Gold @ 2.0 GHz + 6x Kryo 460 Silver @ 1.8 GHz
  • 256KB L2 cache for Gold and 64KB L2 cache for Silver cores
  • 1MB system level cache
  • 675/678:Samsung11 nm LPP Process
  • 480/480+:Samsung8 nm LPP Process

Kryo 500 Series

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The Kryo 500 Series CPUs features semi-custom Prime/Gold and Silver cores derivative ofARM'sCortex-A77andCortex-A55respectively, arranged in configurations withDynamIQ.[34]

Kryo 585

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The Kryo 585 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 865 on 4 December 2019.[29]Qualcomm claims up to 25% increase in performance and 25% greater efficiency compared to the Kryo 485.[34]

  • 1x Kryo 585 Prime @ up to 2.84 GHz + 3x Kryo 585 Gold @ 2.42 GHz + 4x Kryo 585 Silver @ 1.80 GHz
  • 1x 512 KB pL2 cache for Prime, 3x 256 KB pL2 cache for Gold and 4x 128 KB pL2 cache for Silver
  • 4 MB sL3 cache and 3 MB system level cache
  • TSMC2nd generation 7 nm (N7P) Process

Kryo 570

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The Kryo 570 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 750G on 22 September 2020.[35]

  • 2x Kryo 570 Gold @ 2.2 GHz + 6x Kryo 570 Silver @ 1.80 GHz
  • 1 MB system level cache
  • Samsung8 nm LPP Process

Kryo 560

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The Kryo 560 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 690 on 18 June 2020.[29]Qualcomm claims up to 20% increase in performance compared to 675's Kryo 460.[36]

  • 690: 2x Kryo 560 Gold @ 2.0 GHz + 6x Kryo 560 Silver @ 1.70 GHz
  • 1 MB system level cache
  • Samsung8 nm LPP Process

Kryo 600 Series

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The Kryo 600 Series CPUs features semi-custom Prime/Gold and Silver cores derivative ofARM'sCortex-X1/Cortex-A78andCortex-A55respectively, arranged in configurations withDynamIQ.

Kryo 680

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The Kryo 680 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 888 on 2 December 2020.[37]

Kryo 670

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The Kryo 670 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 780G on 25 March 2021.[39]It is also used in the Snapdragon 778G and 778G+, as well as the 782G.

  • 1 Kryo 670 Prime (ARM Cortex-A78 based) @ 2.4-2.7 GHz
  • 3 Kryo 670 Gold (ARM Cortex-A78 based) @ 2.2 GHz
  • 4 Kryo 670 Silver (ARM Cortex-A55 based) @ 1.9 GHz
  • 778G/778G+/782G: TSMC 6 nm (N6) Process
  • 780G: Samsung 5 nm LPE Process

Kryo 660

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The Kryo 660 CPU was announced with the Snapdragon 695 on 26 October 2021.[40]

  • 2 Kryo 660 Gold (ARM Cortex-A78 based) @ 2.2 GHz
  • 6 Kryo 660 Silver (ARM Cortex-A55 based) @ 1.7 GHz
  • TSMC 6 nm (N6) Process

Kryo

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On November 22 2021, Qualcomm updated its Snapdragon branding and removed the numbering scheme on their Kryo CPUs andAdreno GPUs.[41][42]

Kryo Mobile Platforms

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8 series

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Gen 1
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The Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 was announced on 30 November 2021.[43]

  • 1 Kryo Prime (ARM Cortex-X2based), up to 3.2 GHz. Primecorewith 1 MB pL2 and 64 KB pL1
  • 3 Kryo Gold (ARM Cortex-A710based), up to 2.75 GHz. Performance cores with 512 KB pL2 each
  • 4 Kryo Silver (ARM Cortex-A510based), up to 2.0 GHz. Efficiency cores with 128 KB pL2 each
  • Move to instruction setARMv9-A(fromARMv8.4-A)
  • DynamIQwith 6 MB sL3
  • 4 MB system-level cache
  • 8 Gen 1:Samsung4 nm LPE Process
  • 8+ Gen 1:TSMCN4 Process
Gen 2
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The Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 was announced on November 15 2022.[44]

7 series

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Gen 1
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The Snapdragon 7 Gen 1 was announced on May 20 2022.[45]

Gen 2
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The Snapdragon 7+ Gen 2 was announced on March 17, 2023.[46]

Kryo Compute Platforms

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8cx series

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Gen 3
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The Snapdragon 8cx Gen 3 was announced on December 1 2021.[47]

7c+ series

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Gen 3
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The Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 was announced on December 1 2021.[47]

Oryon

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On November 17 2022, Qualcomm announced that Qualcomm Oryon CPUs will replace Qualcomm Kryo CPUs[48][49]

See also

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References

[edit]
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  2. ^"Snapdragon 820 and Kryo CPU: heterogeneous computing and the role of custom compute".Qualcomm.2015-09-02.Retrieved2019-05-25.
  3. ^"CPU Performance: Meet Kryo - The Qualcomm Snapdragon 820 Performance Preview: Meet Kryo".
  4. ^Sohail, Omar (2016-10-22)."Apple A10 Fusion Are Bigger Than the Competition – Apple Designing Bigger Cores for Better Performance?".Wccftech.Retrieved2019-05-25.
  5. ^abHummrick, Matt; Smith, Ryan (22 March 2017)."The Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 Performance Preview".Anandtech.Retrieved22 March2017.
  6. ^"Get small, go big: Meet the next-gen Snapdragon 835".Qualcomm. 2016-11-17.
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  14. ^ab"Snapdragon 460 Processor".Qualcomm.
  15. ^abFrumusanu, Andrei (6 December 2017)."Qualcomm Announces Snapdragon 845 Mobile Platform".Anandtech.Retrieved7 December2017.
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  19. ^abFrumusanu, Andrei."The Samsung Galaxy S10+ Snapdragon & Exynos Review: Almost Perfect, Yet So Flawed".anandtech.Retrieved2019-05-25.
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