La Plata
 | This articlemay need to be rewrittento comply with Wikipedia'squality standards,as the English used is poorly translated from Spanish.(March 2012) |
La Plata | |
|---|---|
City | |
| Ciudad de La Plata | |
Buenos Aires Government House Sculptures in the Plaza Moreno La Plata railway station | |
 Flag | |
  La Plata Location within Buenos Aires  La Plata Location within Argentina  La Plata Location within South America | |
| Coordinates:34°55′16″S57°57′16″W/ 34.92111°S 57.95444°W | |
| Country |  Argentina |
| Province |  Buenos Aires |
| Partido | La Plata |
| Founded | 19 November 1882 |
| Founded by | Dardo Rocha |
| Government | |
| •Intendant | Julio Alak(PJ–UP) |
| Area | |
| • City | 27 km2(10 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 26 m (85 ft) |
| Population (2010 census) | |
| • City | 193,144 |
| • Rank | 5th in Argentina |
| • Density | 7,200/km2(19,000/sq mi) |
| •Metro | 787,294 |
| Demonym | platense |
| MetropolitanGDP (PPP, constant 2015 values) | |
| • Year | 2023 |
| • Total | $19.6 billion[1] |
| • Per capita | $21,400 |
| Time zone | UTC−3(ART) |
| CPA Base | 1900 |
| Area code | +54221 |
La Plata(Spanish pronunciation:[laˈplata]) is the capital city ofBuenos Aires Province,Argentina.According to the 2022census,thePartidohas a population of 772,618 and itsmetropolitan area,theGreater La Plata,has 938,287 inhabitants.[2]It is located 9 kilometers (6 miles) inland from the southern shore of theRío de la Plataestuary.
La Plata wasplannedand developed to serve as the provincial capital after the city ofBuenos Aireswasfederalizedin 1880. It was officially founded by GovernorDardo Rochaon 19 November 1882. Its construction is fully documented in photographs by Tomás Bradley Sutton.[3]La Plata was briefly known asCiudad Eva Perón(Eva PerónCity) between 1952 and 1955.
History and description
[edit]
After La Plata was designated the provincial capital, Rocha was placed in charge of creating the city. He hired urban plannerPedro Benoit,who designed a city layout based on arationalistconception of urban centers.The city has the shape of a square with a central park and two main diagonal avenues, north to south and east to west. In addition, there are numerous other shorter diagonal streets. This design is copied in aself-similar mannerin small blocks of six by six blocks in length. For every six blocks, there is a small park or square. Other than the diagonal streets, all streets are on a rectangular grid and are numbered consecutively. Thus, La Plata is nicknamed "la ciudad de las diagonales" (city of diagonals). It is also called "la ciudad de los tilos" (city oflinden trees), because of the large number of linden trees lining the many streets and squares. The linden tree is one of a number of deciduous Northern Hemisphere tree species which dominate La Plata's parks and streets;ash,horsechestnut,plane,sweetgumandtulip treeare among the other examples.Palmsand subtropical broadleaf evergreen trees thrive but are comparatively infrequent.
The city design and its buildings are noted to possess strongFreemasonsymbolism as a consequence of both Rocha and Benoit being Freemasons.[4]
The designs for the government buildings were chosen in an international architectural competition. Thus, the Governor Palace was designed by Italians, the City Hall by Germans, etc. Electric street lighting was installed in 1884 and was the first of its kind in Latin America.
Important landmarks
[edit]
The neo-Gothiccathedral of La Platais the largest church in Argentina. It is located on the central park, Plaza Moreno, and is the 58th tallest church in the world.
TheTeatro Argentino de La Platais one of the most importantopera housesin Argentina, second to theTeatro Colónin Buenos Aires. The construction was funded by the first inhabitants of La Plata, but as maintenance was very expensive it was later donated to the Province of Buenos Aires. On 18 October 1977, the building was almost completely destroyed by a fire. This has been noted as one of the largest losses to La Plata's historical heritage. It was later replaced by a new building, which houses the theatre's orchestra, choir and ballet, boasting several halls.
TheCurutchet Houseis one of the two buildings byLe Corbusierbuilt in the Americas.
TheUniversity of La Platawas founded in 1897 and nationalized in 1905. It is well known for itsobservatoryandnatural history museum.Ernesto Sabatograduated in Physics at this university; he went on to teach at theSorbonneand theMITbefore becoming a famed novelist. DoctorRené Favalorowas another famous alumnus. During its early years, the university attracted a number of renowned intellectuals from the Spanish-speaking world, such as DominicanPedro Henríquez Ureña.
San Ponciano churchis on the corner of 48th and 5th Streets. It was the first chapel in La Plata and Pedro Benoit himself drew up the plans for the church. It was inaugurated on 19 November 1883, the first anniversary of the foundation of the city. Itsneo-Gothic stylehas been well kept, and the inner paintings are now being restored. Then-governor Rocha was the one to name it "San Ponciano". This was both in memory of his son Ponciano and in honor ofPope Pontian.Inside the church is the "Virgen de Luján" niche, which was moved here in 1904.
La Plata in the 20th century
[edit]UnderAlvear's administration (1922–1928),Enrique Mosconi,the president of the state oil companyYacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales,created the La Platadistillery,at the time the tenth largest in the world.[5]
On 10 December 1945, in the Parish church of St. Francis of Assisi in this city,Juan Domingo PerónandEva Duartewere married.[6]
In 1952, the city was renamedCiudad Eva Perón;its original name was restored in 1955.
In March 1976, the Argentine military seized power following acoup d'état,which involved the disappearance of a number of students from La Plata. The military junta had implemented what was called theNational Reorganization Processwhich was a set of policies used by the regime to destroy left-wing guerrilla forces and oppress resistance to its rule. The process included kidnappings, torture and murder. Meanwhile, theMontoneros,a leftist guerilla group, responded violently to the junta and its actions as they enlisted other Argentines to join their campaign against the regime. Those enlisted included young, left-wing, politically active students from the organization named theUnión de Estudiantes Secundarios(Union of High School Students) of La Plata. The UES was committed to achieving school reforms and other political reforms through demonstrations and protests that irked the ruling regime. Many of these students were kidnapped and killed (many remain as 'desaparecidos') as part of thestate's terrorismduring thedictatorship.
In October 1998,UNESCOapproved the city's bid to gain recognition as aWorld Heritagesite. The approval is still pending due to various objections to the criterion of maintaining architectural and landscape features during recent decades, which in the opinion of other specialists, has caused severe damage to the original design and contextual aesthetics.[7][8][9][10]
Sports and stadiums
[edit]The city is home to two importantfirst divisionfootballteams:Estudiantes de La PlataandGimnasia y Esgrima de La Plata.
Estudiantes de La Plata is the most successful club in the city, having won five national tournaments, fourCopa Libertadoresand theIntercontinental Cupagainst theManchester Unitedin 1968. It is the origin of several symbols of Argentine football such asOsvaldo Zubeldía,Carlos Bilardo,Alejandro Sabella,Juan RamónandJuan Sebastián Verón.Estudiantes has had a great influence on theArgentine National Team,mainly through Bilardo in the1986 World Cup.Its successes and its style of play, normally calledbilardismo,have placed it in the position of exponent of a football style deeply rooted in the country.[11]
For its part, Gimnasia de La Plata, founded in1887,has not obtained titles in the professional era, but it is a traditional First Division club.
TheEstadio Ciudad de La Plata,also known as the "Estadio Único", opened on 7 June 2003, as one of the most modern football stadiums in Latin America. Various other construction and renovation projects have continued, including the addition of a roof structure.Estudiantesplayed in the new stadium from 2006 to 2019 while theirown stadiumwas being modernized; Estudiantes returned to its traditional home ground ofJorge Luis Hirschi Stadiumin 2019.[12]Gimnasia La Platahas only played occasional home games in the Estadio Único. In 2011, the Estadio Ciudad de La Plata was one of the host sites for the2011 Copa Americaincluding an opening-round match betweenArgentinaandBolivia,a semifinal game, and the third-place final. Now, the stadium is additionally used for concerts andPumamatches.
Jorge Luis Hirschi Stadium,the home ground of Estudiantes, is located on 1st Avenue in La Plata.Estadio Juan Carmelo Zerillo,the home ground of Gimnasia La Plata, is located in a park known as El Bosque.
During 2009, following a series of agreements between the city municipality, the governor of the province and the nation's presidency, progress was made in the final transfer of the land of the Paseo del Bosque toEstudiantesandGimnasia La Plataclubs. On 24 June 2009, the Deliberative Council adopted the convention and the ordinance for which Gimnasia and Estudiantes clubs received "grants" for the lands on which their home grounds are currently located within El Bosque (The Forest).
Elections and civic advances
[edit]On 28 October 2007,Pablo Bruerawas elected mayor with 26% of the votes, replacingJulio Alak,who had been mayor since 1991.
On 25 February 2009, La Plata debuted a parking system that uses text messaging (SMS), thus becoming the first city in Argentina to control parking using technology applications.
The Pasaje Rodrigo, a traditional "galería" (the older version of shopping malls in Argentina), reopened its doors in April 2009 as Pasaje Rodrigo shopping mall, after having been closed to the public for 10 years. It had originally been opened in 1929 by Spanish immigrant Basilio Rodrigo.
On 25 October 2015, Julio Garro was elected mayor with 41,35% of the votes, replacingPablo Bruera,who had been mayor since 2007. Garro was reelected for a second term in 2019.[13]In the2023 local elections,former mayor Alak defeated Garro in an historically close election.[14]
Geography
[edit]Location
[edit]Located in the north-eastern area of theprovince of Buenos Aires,La Plata is surrounded byEnsenadaandBerissoto the northeast,BerazateguiandFlorencio Varelato the northwest,San VicenteandCoronel Brandsento the southwest and south, andMagdalena,to the southeast, occupying an area of 893 km2.
The metropolitan area of La Plata includes the neighborhoods of Tolosa, Ringuelet, Manuel B. Gonnet, City Bell, Villa Elisa, Melchor Romero, Abasto, Gorina, José Hernández, Ángel Etcheverry, Arturo Seguí, Los Hornos, Lisandro Olmos, Villa Elvira and Altos de San Lorenzo, all of which have community centers that operate as local delegations.
Climate
[edit]
La Plata has ahumid subtropical climate(Cfaunder theKöppen climate classification).[15]During winter, temperatures are cool during the day and cold during the night, even reaching below freezing.[16]The average temperature in the coldest month, July, is 8.9 °C (48.0 °F). Winters tend to be cloudier than summer, averaging around 10 overcast days from June to August, compared to 6 overcast days from December to February.[16]Summers are warm to hot with a January high of 29 °C (84.2 °F) while nighttime temperatures are cooler, averaging 18 °C (64.4 °F). Spring and fall are transition seasons, featuring warm daytime temperatures and cool nighttime temperatures, highly variable with some days reaching above 32 °C (89.6 °F) and below 0 °C (32.0 °F).[16]The city is fairly humid, owing to its coastal location, having an average monthly humidity higher than 75%. La Plata receives 1,092 millimetres (43 in) of precipitation annually, with winters being the drier months and summer the wetter months. On average, La Plata receives 2,285 hours of sunshine a year, or 51% of possible sunshine, ranging from a low of 41% in June and July to 62% in February.[17]The highest temperature recorded was 41 °C (106 °F) on 14 January 2022 while the lowest temperature recorded was −5.7 °C (22 °F) on 14 June 1967.[18]
Snowfall is extremely rare in the city with only 5 major snowfall events: July 1912, 1928, 22 June 1981, 9 July 2007 during theJuly 2007 Argentine winter storm,[19]and on 6 June 2012.[20][21]
| Climate data forLa Plata Airport(1991–2020, extremes 1961–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 41.0 (105.8) |
38.1 (100.6) |
38.6 (101.5) |
33.6 (92.5) |
28.2 (82.8) |
25.5 (77.9) |
28.4 (83.1) |
30.1 (86.2) |
31.0 (87.8) |
33.5 (92.3) |
35.8 (96.4) |
39.9 (103.8) |
41.0 (105.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.9 (84.0) |
27.8 (82.0) |
25.8 (78.4) |
22.1 (71.8) |
18.2 (64.8) |
15.1 (59.2) |
14.2 (57.6) |
16.4 (61.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
21.0 (69.8) |
24.4 (75.9) |
27.5 (81.5) |
21.6 (70.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 23.1 (73.6) |
22.2 (72.0) |
20.2 (68.4) |
16.4 (61.5) |
13.0 (55.4) |
10.1 (50.2) |
9.2 (48.6) |
11.0 (51.8) |
12.8 (55.0) |
15.9 (60.6) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.6 (70.9) |
16.2 (61.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.4 (63.3) |
16.9 (62.4) |
15.2 (59.4) |
11.7 (53.1) |
8.7 (47.7) |
6.0 (42.8) |
5.2 (41.4) |
6.3 (43.3) |
7.9 (46.2) |
10.7 (51.3) |
13.4 (56.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
11.3 (52.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) |
4.1 (39.4) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
1.0 (33.8) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 111.0 (4.37) |
112.8 (4.44) |
106.5 (4.19) |
98.2 (3.87) |
78.0 (3.07) |
58.6 (2.31) |
78.7 (3.10) |
67.5 (2.66) |
71.4 (2.81) |
101.0 (3.98) |
95.3 (3.75) |
93.7 (3.69) |
1,072.7 (42.23) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.1 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 8.5 | 7.9 | 7.2 | 85.4 |
| Average snowy days | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 72.2 | 75.7 | 79.1 | 82.2 | 85.1 | 84.4 | 83.7 | 81.4 | 79.0 | 78.6 | 74.3 | 70.8 | 78.9 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 300.7 | 245.8 | 229.4 | 186.0 | 170.5 | 141.0 | 155.0 | 176.7 | 186.0 | 220.1 | 264.0 | 300.7 | 2,575.9 |
| Mean dailysunshine hours | 9.7 | 8.7 | 7.4 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 8.8 | 9.7 | 7.1 |
| Percentpossible sunshine | 57 | 62 | 55 | 55 | 48 | 41 | 41 | 48 | 48 | 52 | 54 | 52 | 51 |
| Source 1:Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[22][23][18] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2:NOAA(percent sun 1961–1990)[17] | |||||||||||||
Earthquakes
[edit]The region lies on the Punta del Este fault, and its latest event occurred on 30 November 2018 at 10:27 UTC−3 with a magnitude of 3.8 on the Richter scale.[24]This earthquake was extremely unusual in La Plata, a city where the last earthquake had been on 5 June 1888 (128 years before) with a magnitude of 5.5 on the Richter scale.[25]
Government
[edit]
Given the federal system ofgovernment in Argentinathere are three orders or ranks: the National, Provincial and Municipal.
Power of the executive branch in La Plata is exercised by the municipal mayor, elected by popular vote every four years with the possibility of unlimited reelection. The town hall is known as the Palacio Municipal, and is located in the block surrounded by streets 51, 53, 11 and 12, in the city center. It is one of the important buildings that surround Plaza Moreno, and is opposite the cathedral.
The city government is divided into different areas. These are: Private Secretary, Secretary General, Ministry of Economy, Ministry of Public Management, Social Development Secretariat, Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Modernization and Economic Development, Ministry of Justice, Secretary of Health and Social Medicine, Chief of Staff, Regional Market La Plata, Management Consortium Puerto La Plata, Executive Unit Revenue Agency, Environment Agency Implementation Unit, Human Rights Department, Ministry of Government, Policy Planning Council, Regional Production and Employment, and the city council.
As it is the capital of the Province of Buenos Aires, La Plata is also home to the three provincial powers: the provincial executive (led at the moment by theGovernor) along with its ministries, the judiciary, and theprovincial Legislature.
Economy
[edit]
According to the National Economic Survey 2004–2005, out of a total of 23,844 local listings 90% are dedicated to the production of goods and services, 4% belonged to the Civil Service, 2% are for semi sideshows or removable; 1% are for worship, political parties and unions, and the remaining 2% was in the process of classification.
Finance
[edit]La Plata has a stock market, the Bolsa de Comercio, which was founded in 1960 and is a member of the Argentine stock market system.
In the city there are branches of major banks operating in the country, includingBanco Nación,Banco Provincia, Banco Ciudad de Buenos Aires,Banco Hipotecario,HSBC,Citigroup,Banco Itaú,Francés, Macro,Standard Bank,etc.
Transport
[edit]Trenes Argentinosoperate a rail service (Roca Line) between La Plata andConstitución stationin Buenos Aires via Berazategui. It runs every 24 to 30 minutes Mondays to Saturdays and every 40 minutes on Sundays.[26]In addition, there is a shuttle serviceTren Universitariobetween La Plata station and Policlínico operating five to eight times a day.[27]
The city's general aviation needs are served byLa Plata Airport,although it has no commercial service as of 2023. The nearest commercially served airport isMinistro Pistarini International Airportin Buenos Aires.
Population
[edit]The greater metropolitan area, according to the National Census of Population and Housing 2010, has a population of 787,294 inhabitants.
Furthermore, the La Plata urban area's population since 1960 was developed as follows:[28]
- 1960 Census: 337,060 inhabitants.[29]
- 1970 Census: 391,247 inhabitants.[29]
- 1980 Census: 459,054 inhabitants.[30]
- 1991 Census: 521,759 inhabitants.[30]
- 2001 Census: 763,943 inhabitants.[31]
- 2010 Census: 799,523 inhabitants.[32]
International communities
[edit]The Spanish community's contributions include the renowned Spanish Hospital. Spain has also acknowledged the community by installing a consulate in the city of La Plata.
The Arab community also has several institutions, including theSyriac OrthodoxWelfare Assoc, Assoc Islamic Argentino de La Plata, and the Lebanese Society of La Plata.
The Jewish community of La Plata has numerous institutions. These include AMIA La Plata[33](Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina), which has under its orbit Hebrew School Chaim Nachman Bialik and the Jewish cemetery of the city, the Beit Chabad La Plata,[34]part ofChabad Lubavitch Argentina.
Education
[edit]| Statistics[35] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Educational Institutions | |||
| Educational Level | Total | State | Private |
| Nivel Inicial | 184 | 82 | 102 |
| Nivel Primario | 171 | 96 | 75 |
| Nivel Medio | 102 | 48 | 54 |
| Nivel Terciario o Superior no Universitario | 42 | 9 | 33 |
| Students enrolled | |||
| Educational Level | Total | State | Private |
| Nivel Inicial | 29.111 | 14.791 | 14.320 |
| Nivel Primario | 93.575 | 58.825 | 34.750 |
| Nivel Medio | 29.884 | 21.243 | 8.641 |
| Nivel Terciario o Superior no Universitario | 12.162 | 4.597 | 7.565 |
La Plata hosts one of the most renowned universities in Argentina, theNational University of La Plata(Spanish: Universidad Nacional de La Plata, UNLP). It has over 75,000 regular students, 8,000 teaching staff, 16 faculties and 106 available degrees.
UNLP students and professors include:
- Raúl Alfonsín(Law degree in 1950) President of Argentina (1983–1989)
- Néstor Kirchner(Law degree) President of Argentina (2003–2007)
- Cristina Fernández de Kirchner(Law degree)[citation needed]President of Argentina (terms 2007–2011, 2011–2015)
- René Favaloro(Medicine degree in 1949, creator of the technique for coronary bypass surgery)
- Carlos Saavedra Lamas(Law teacher, rector andNobel Peace Prize)
- Ernesto Sabato(Physics PhD in 1937)
- Mario Bunge(Physics-Mathematics PhD in 1952)
- Florentino Ameghino(Professor of geology)
- Juan José Arévalo(Philosophy PhD in 1934, 24thPresident of Guatemala)
- Emilio Pettoruti(painter)
- Pedro Henríquez Ureña(Dominican essayist, philosopher, humanist, philologist and literary critic)
Four high school institutes are under UNLP control and three of them are located in La Plata:
- Rafael Hernández National High School (Spanish:Colegio Nacional Rafael Hernández)
- Víctor Mercante Lyceum (Spanish:Liceo Víctor Mercante)
- Fine Arts High School (Spanish:Bachillerato de Bellas Artes)
La Plata is also home of four other universities:
- Universidad Católica de La Plata[36]
- Universidad Notarial Argentina[37]
- Facultad Regional de la Universidad Tecnológica Nacional.[38]
- Universidad Del Este[39]
Students come to these four universities from every part of Argentina and other countries, giving the city a rich young multicultural lifestyle.
City layout and architecture
[edit]
La Plata is aplanned city,characterized by a strict grid of square blocks, with diagonal avenues running across. The two major diagonals, 73 and 74, go across the city from east to west and from north to south, respectively, and converge right in the city's center at Plaza Moreno. This square houses the so-called "foundation stone" and is the main square of the city. To its sides are located theCity Halland thecathedral of La Plata.Highlights of the city are the Museum of Natural Sciences, the building of the Interior, the Provincial Legislature, the new theater and the hippodrome. Many of these buildings were built at the time of the founding of the city, following an international call for proposals.
Another work is the parent company ofBanco de la Provincia de Buenos Aires,located between the streets 6, 7, 46 and 47. This building was designed by architects Juan A. Buschiazzo and Luis Viglione. It opened on 19 April 1886, being amended in 1913 and in the 1970s.
It is a very green city, with its largest park being the "Paseo del Bosque"(or simply 'the forest'). Twenty-two other parks and squares contain much of the city's trees and greenery. Other landmarks include the lake, the Martin Fierro amphitheater, the Parque Pereyra Iraola, the Zoo and Botanical Garden, the Victorian astronomical observatory, and the Natural History Museum. One notable attraction is the Children's Republic, which is said to have inspiredWalt Disneyto buildDisneylandafter he visited it during a trip to Argentina.[citation needed]
In 1977 the city lost one of its most valuable monuments to a fire: theTeatro Argentino de La Plata,predominantly built in a neoclassic style. After the fire, a newbrutalist styletheater was built in its place. TheEstadio Ciudad de La Plata,a stadium influenced by modern high-tech architecture, is located in the city. It was planned and built after a national competition during the 1970s. The stadium received repairs and amendments in a subsequent project in order to expand its capacity, and also to rebuild the roof in sectors that had been destroyed by storms.[40]The construction of a semitransparent deck ofKevlarand plastic resins was finished in January 2011.[clarification needed]
La Plata has one commercial airport,Aeropuerto de La Plata,which is not served by any airlines.
Awards received by the city
[edit]The city was awarded at theExposition Universellein Paris in 1889, an event in which the new city was given the two gold medals awarded in the categories "City of the Future" and "Better performance built."
La Plata Cemetery
[edit]
The municipalcemetery of La Platawas established in 1886 for the new capital of the province of Buenos Aires. It was designed byPedro Benoit.It lies on the intersection of Avenue 31, 72 and diagonal 74 in the southern tip. It has some remarkable architectural features, both in its main entrance and in many of the family vaults, includingneoclassical,Neo-Gothic,Art Nouveau(in its variant ofCatalan Art Nouveau),Art DecoandEgyptian revivalstyles. The main entrance is an impressive neo-classical portico withDoric columns.The Catholic chapel, in Romanesque revival style, was finished in 1950. Diagonal 74 begins at the Río de la Plata and ends at the cemetery, causing some to remark that the layout may have been intentional symbolism of the cycle of life and death by Benoit.[41]
Its annex, the Jewish Cemetery, belongs to the Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina in La Plata and is located on Avenue 72.
Sports
[edit]The mainfootballteams in the city areEstudiantes de La Plata(locally known as "pinchas" ), winners of theIntercontinental Cupin1968,andGimnasia y Esgrima La Plata,both of which currently play in the Argentina'sfirst division.Estudiantes is the sole team within the city to win a national or international title. La Plata hasLiga Amateur Platense de fútbolthat encompasses various clubs in the region, such asClub Atlético Estrella de Berisso,La Plata FC,Asociación Nueva Alianza,andClub Everton.
Basketball has a place in theTorneo Nacional de Ascenso(National Ascent Tournament), throughGimnasia y Esgrima La Plata.In addition, through the Asociación Platense de Basquetbol, La Plata has leagues and tournaments for all levels and categories, including Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata, Estudiantes, Centro Fomento de Los Hornos Club Atenas,Unión Vecinal,Centro de Fomento Meridiano V,andClub Cultural y Deportivo Juventud.
Auto racingalso has its importance in the city in the form of theTurismo Carretera.There is also a race track namedAutódromo Roberto José Mourasin honor of the historicChevroletdriver died inLobosin 1992.[42]Gastón Mazzacaneis from the city as well. After 21 races inFormula 1,he also competed in theChamp CarandTop Race V6series.
The1970 Artistic Billiards World Championshipwere held in La Plata.
Culture
[edit]Culture has a major role in the city of La Plata. This is reflected in the large amount of cultural centers, theaters, museums, cinemas and libraries that are in the city, as well as theUniversidad Nacional de La Plataand theobservatory.
- Cultural centers:Centro Cultural Pasaje Dardo Rocha,Centro Cultural Islas Malvinas,Centro Cultural Estación Provincial,Centro Cultural Viejo Almacén El Obrero,Centro de Cultura & Comunicación, Centro Cultural El Núcleo, Centro Actividades Artísticas CRISOLES, Centro Cultural Los Hornos, Centro Cultural y Social El Galpón de Tolosa.
- Theaters:Teatro Argentino de La Plata,Teatro Municipal Coliseo Podestá,Anfiteatro Martín Fierro, Teatro La Nonna, Teatro La Hermandad del Princesa, Sala 420, Taller de Teatro de la UNLP, Complejo El Teatro, Teatro La Lechuza.
- Museums:[43][44]Museo de Ciencias Naturales,Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Latinoamericano,Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes, Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes, Museo de Arte Fra. Angélico, Museo de Instrumentos Musicales Colección Dr. Emilio Azzarini, Museo Histórico del Fuerte de la Ensenada de Barragán, Museo y Archivo Dardo Rocha, Museo Almafuerte, Museo del Teatro Argentino, Museo José Juan Podestá, Museo de la Catedral, Museo Indigenista Yana Kúntur, Museo Internacional de Muñecos, Museo del Automóvil Colección Rau, Museo del Tango Platense, Museo Policial Inspector Mayor Vesiroglos, Museo Histórico Contralmirante Chalier (Escuela Naval de Río Santiago), Museo Histórico Militar Tte. Julio A. Roca, Museo de Anatomía Veterinaria Dr. Víctor M. Arroyo, Museo de Artesanía Tradicional Juan Alfonso Carrizo, Museo de Astronomía y Geofísica, Museo de Botánica y Farmacognosia Dr. Carlos Spegazzini, Museo y Casa de Descanso Samay Huasi, Museo de Física, Museo de Historia de la Medicina Dr. Santiago Gorostiague, Museo Biblioteca de Química y Farmacia Prof. Dr. Carlos Sagastume, Museo de Odontología, Museo de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales Prof. Julio Ocampo.
- Libraries:Biblioteca Central General José de San Martín,Biblioteca Municipal Francisco López Merino, Biblioteca de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Biblioteca de la Legislatura de la Provincia.
- Cinemas:Cinema San Martín, Cinema 8, Cinema City, Cinema Paradiso, Cinema Rocha, Cine Select, EspacioINCAAkm. 60.
There were big personalities in the cultural sphere from the city:Paula Almerares(opera singer, soprano); Dante Anzolini (conductor); Efraín U. Bischoff (historian),José Walter Gavito(sculptor),Osvaldo Golijov(classical composer),Robert Noble(journalist and socialist politician, founder and first editor of the newspaperClarín),Emilio Pettoruti(painter), Ernesto Tenenbaum (Reporter),María Dhialma Tiberti(writer),Iñaki Urlezaga(classical dancer), Álvaro Yunque (writer), Jorge and Federico D'Elia (actors);Adabel Guerrero(dancer, actress),Alejo García Pintos(film and television actor),Benjamín Rojas(actor and musician),Freddy Villarreal(comedian, actor),Héctor Bidonde(actor), Juan Palomino (actor), Oscar Alberto "Lito" Cruz (actor), Maxi Ghione (actor), Pablo Andrés Martínez (actor), Carlos Mancinelli (musician), among others.
It is worth mentioning other important personalities, not being natives of La Plata, influenced the city's cultural life as Raúl Amaral (writer, poet and journalist. It was part of Ediciones del Bosque), Joaquin V. Gonzalez (historian, educator, writer and politician) and Rafael Hernández (politician and journalist), both founders of the UNLP, Pedro Bonifacio Palacios "Almafuerte" (Poet); Josefina Passadori (writer) Ernesto Sabato (writer and artist), Carlos "Indio" Solari (musician and band member platense Redonditos Patricio Rey and Ricotta), among others.
The city has a great attraction to music, whereas all festival concerts are organized. In addition, this is formed big band music and folklore of Argentina such asLos Redondos,Virus,Guasones,Opus Cuatro,Infonoise, among others.
Festivals, celebrations and events scheduled
[edit]
The city of La Plata has the particularity of being the only place (withBerissoandEnsenada) in the country where the burning of Momos (Dolls similar to those cremated at theFallas festivalinValencia,Spain) is held every New Year's Eve. Hundreds of dolls are burnt to celebrate the end of the year and the beginning of a new year. Competitions for the best doll is awarded by the La Plata municipality and media.[45][46]
Every 18 April isInternational Day For Monuments and Sites.[47]That day, buses with tour guides leave from the Centro Cultural Pasaje Dardo Rocha to the various historical monuments of La Plata, Berisso and Ensenada, being the activity free.
In addition, every year on19 November,the anniversary of the city is held with recitals and a fireworks show at the Plaza Moreno.
In La Plata, as well as in all of Argentina, the first day of spring is celebrated along withNational Student's Dayon21 September.On this date, the municipality organizes concerts both in the Paseo del Bosque and Plaza Moreno.
Patron saint
[edit]The patron saint of the city and the party of La Plata is Saint Ponciano, the 18th pope of the Catholic Church, who died inSardiniaon 19 November 235.[48]On 19 November is the feast of the Catholic parish ofSt. Pontian,pope and martyr.[49]
Tourism
[edit] |
The most important tourist sites are located in the heart of the city's founding, between Streets 51 and 53, being the center of the city's Plaza Moreno. The square separates two great works of the city: theMetropolitan Cathedral of La Plata "Immaculate Conception"and thePalacio Municipal.
The city of La Plata has many monuments and historical sites. Among them are: the Banco Provincia de Buenos Aires headquarters, theCurutchet House,Casa de Gobierno Provincial, Casa Mariani – Teruggi, Centro Cultural Islas Malvinas, Centro Cultural Meridiano V, Centro Cultural Pasaje Dardo Rocha, Iglesia San Benjamín, la Legislatura Provincial, Museo de Ciencias Naturales, the Quinta Oreste Santospago, the Rectorado de la UNLP, Museo Ferroviario of Tolosa, the Teatro Municipal Coliseo Podestá, the Anfiteatro Martín Fierro, theEstadio Ciudad de La Plata,entre otros.
Moreover, staying at the city of La Plata the visitors can tour the monuments of the neighboring cities of Berisso and Ensenada (formerly part of La Plata), finding among these to the Street New York, the Swift Refrigerator,Ukrainian CatholicParish Our Lady of the Assumption, Old Station Cultural Centre, Fort Barragán and Historical Museum, the Ensenada Rotary Bridge, among others.
Quema de muñecosis a traditional celebration held every New Year.[50]People from different parts of the city build giant figures, usually modeled after famous fictional characters, using wood andpapier mâché,and stuff them with fireworks. After midnight, all the figures are burnt, igniting the firework-filling in the process, resulting in a fiery spectacle. For safety reasons, most figures are built in the same spot where they are planned to be burnt, which usually involves a large clearing in a plaza, widemedian strips,or abandoned lots. After the celebration, residents vote for the best figure in terms of design, size, etc., and the most voted gets a prize from a panel of established figure builders, as well as cash money reward.
Notable people
[edit]- Mauro Colagreco,Argentinechef
- Irene Bernasconi,Antarcticresearcher
- Facundo Cabral
- Ángel Cabrera
- Agustín Creevy
- René Favaloro
- Sergio Karakachoff
- Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
- Mercedes Lambre
- Salvadora Medina Onrubia(1894–1972),writer,poet,anarchist,feminist
- Martín Palermo
- Emilio Pettoruti
- Benjamín Rojas
- Marcos Rojo(born 1990),footballer
- Guillermo Barros Schelotto
- Gustavo Barros Schelotto
- Santiago Sosa(born 1999),footballerforAtlanta United
- Roberto Themis Speroni(1922–1967),writer
- Nicolás Tauber(born 1980), Argentine-Israelifootballer
- Joaquín Tuculet
- Iñaki Urlezaga
- Francisco Varallo
- Juan Sebastián Verón(born 1975),footballer
- Sergio Parisse,rugbyunion player
Sister cities
[edit] |
Brazil,Porto Alegre,1982
Italy,Bologna,1988
Israel,Beersheba,1989
Spain,Zaragoza,1990
Paraguay,Asunción,1993
Chile,Concepción,1993
Venezuela,Barquisimeto,2012
United States,Louisville,1994
Uruguay,Maldonado,1994- Uruguay,Montevideo,1994
Bolivia,Santa Cruz de la Sierra,1994- Bolivia,Sucre,1994
- Italy,Anghiari,1998
France,Boulogne-sur-Mer,2000
United Kingdom,Liverpool,2005- Venezuela,Santa Ana de Coro,2007
China,Jiu gian g,2008
MexicoToluca,2010- Italy,Bivongi,2012
- Argentina,Mar del Plata,2012
Australia,Baw Baw
See also
[edit]
Footnotes
[edit]- ^"TelluBase—Argentina Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)"(PDF).Tellusant.Retrieved11 January2024.
- ^"Censo 2022: los habitantes de la provincia de Buenos Aires, ciudad por ciudad".infocielo(in Spanish).Retrieved1 February2023.
- ^"Thomas Bradley: The photographer of Dardo Rocha (in Spanish)".Archived fromthe originalon 30 April 2009.Retrieved25 August2020.
- ^"The Masonic Trowel"(in Spanish). Freemasons = 22 March 2014.
- ^Felipe Pigna,Los Mitos de la historia argentina, 3,ed. Planeta Historia y Sociedad 2006, p. 153.
- ^Lucesole, María José (30 December 2001)."Por Iglesia y en secreto".La Nación.Archived fromthe originalon 31 March 2009.Retrieved15 September2010.
- ^Rosa, José María."La fundación de La Plata".Archived fromthe originalon 25 July 2009.Retrieved11 January2009.
- ^"Especiales – La Plata Histórica".El Día.Archived fromthe originalon 1 December 2008.Retrieved11 January2009.
- ^"Historia de La Plata".La Plata Mágica. Archived fromthe originalon 22 December 2008.Retrieved11 January2009.
- ^"Historia de La Plata en" El álbum de La Plata "".Retrieved11 January2009.
- ^Destape, El (22 September 2022)."Qué es el bilardismo, una de las escuelas más importantes del fútbol argentino".eldestapeweb(in Spanish).Retrieved1 February2023.
- ^Página/12 (4 November 2019)."Estudiantes vuelve a 1 y 57 tras catorce años | El nuevo estadio será reinaugurado el próximo 9 de noviembre".PAGINA12(in Spanish).Retrieved1 February2023.
{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^eldia, Diario El Dia de La Plata."Diario El Dia de La Plata eldia".eldia(in Spanish).Retrieved1 February2023.
- ^"La Justicia ratificó el triunfo de Alak en La Plata y rechazó abrir más urnas".Ámbito Financiero(in Spanish). 3 November 2023.Retrieved9 December2023.
- ^Kottek, M.; J. Grieser; C. Beck; B. Rudolf; F. Rubel (2006)."World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated"(PDF).Meteorol. Z.15(3): 259–263.Bibcode:2006MetZe..15..259K.doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130.Retrieved22 December2012.
- ^abc"La Plata Statistical Data (1981–1990)"(in Spanish). National Meteorological Service of Argentina.Retrieved31 December2012.
- ^ab "La Plata AERO Climate Normals 1961–1990".National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.Retrieved29 March2015.
- ^ab "Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por La Plata Aero".Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo(in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional.Retrieved29 April2023.
- ^"Otro espectáculo blanco"(in Spanish).El Día.Retrieved5 February2009.
- ^"La Plata, Argentina History".Weather Underground.
- ^"Resumen synop".ogimet.
- ^"Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales – período 1991–2020"(in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional.Retrieved29 April2023.
- ^"Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales – período 1991–2020"(PDF)(in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. 2023. Archived fromthe originalon 8 July 2023.Retrieved31 July2023.
- ^"Listado de Terremotos Históricos"(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Prevención Sísmica.Retrieved30 November2018.
- ^"Listado de Terremotos Históricos"(in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Prevención Sísmica. Archived fromthe originalon 16 March 2012.Retrieved11 July2015.
- ^"Pza. Constitución - La Plata".Government of Argentina.November 2019. Archived fromthe originalon 24 December 2020.Retrieved2 January2021.
- ^"Tren Universitario".Government of Argentina.23 November 2020.Retrieved2 January2021.
- ^"Población"(PDF)(in Spanish). Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 21 September 2011.Retrieved11 July2015.
- ^abINDEC(1981).Censo nacional de población y vivienda 1980. Resultados provisionles por localidad censo 1980 y resultados definitivos censos 1970 y 1960. Serie A.
- ^abINDEC(1995).Censo nacional de población y vivienda 1991. Resultados definitivos por localidad censos 1991 y 1980. Serie G nº1.ISBN950-9888-80-X.
- ^"Provincia de Buenos Aires según localidad. Población censada en 1991 y población por sexo en 2001"(in Spanish).INDEC.Archived fromthe originalon 5 March 2016.Retrieved11 July2015.
- ^"Provincia de Buenos Aires, partido La Plata. Población total por sexo e índice de masculinidad, según edad en años simples y grupos quinquenales de edad. Año 2010"(in Spanish).INDEC.Retrieved11 July2015.[permanent dead link]
- ^"AMIA La Plata".AMIA La Plata.Retrieved25 August2020.
- ^Serber, Tuvia (1 November 2012)."Home".Beit Jabad La Plata.Retrieved25 August2020.
- ^"Estadísticas de Educación de La Plata".Municipalidad de La Plata. Archived fromthe originalon 26 March 2012.Retrieved10 February2009.
- ^"Home".ucalp.edu.ar.
- ^"Universidad Notarial Argentina".
- ^"Home".frlp.utn.edu.ar.
- ^"Inicio".
- ^"VIDEO: Así se ve el increíble trabajo para arreglar el techo del Estadio Único a casi 100 metros de altura"[VIDEO: This is how it looks to work fi xing the roof of the Estadio Único 100 meters above the ground].0221.ar(in Spanish).Retrieved11 July2023.
- ^eldia, Diario El Dia de La Plata."Diario El Dia de La Plata eldia".eldia(in Spanish).Retrieved1 February2023.
- ^"Circuito de La Plata".ACTC. Archived fromthe originalon 31 March 2009.Retrieved17 March2009.
- ^"Atracciones, Museos".La Plata Vive. 2010. Archived fromthe originalon 1 October 2010.Retrieved26 September2010.
- ^"Red de Museos de la UNLP".Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP). Archived fromthe originalon 21 May 2014.Retrieved1 May2014.
- ^"Recorrida por los tradicionales muñecos de Fin de Año".El Día. 2007.Retrieved17 March2009.
- ^"Finalizó el concurso: el domingo se conocerán los cinco ganadores".El Día. 2008.Retrieved17 March2009.
- ^"Cientos de platenses en un tour por los museos".El Día. 2009.Retrieved20 April2009.
- ^San Ponciano
- ^Basílica de San Ponciano. Historia.
- ^Clarín (31 December 2022)."Quema de muñecos: una tradición de La Plata que también atravesó el Mundial y es récord"[Figure burning: a custom from La Plata, which survived the World Cup, sets new record].Clarín(in Spanish).Retrieved11 July2023.
References
[edit]- Soler, Ricardo (1982).100 años de vida platense.El Día. Sociedad Impresora Platense.
External links
[edit]
- (in Spanish)Official government website
- (in Spanish)https://web.archive.org/web/20080704110338/http:// mapa.laplata.gov.ar/Interactive map of La Plata
- (in Spanish)Municipal information:Municipal Affairs Federal Institute (IFAM), Municipal Affairs Secretariat, Ministry of Interior, Argentina.(in Spanish)
La Plata's web guides
[edit]- (in Spanish)LaGuiaX
- (in Spanish)Cualbondi (Buses on/from/to La Plata)
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