Lamjang and Kaski
Lamjung and Kaski State | |||||||||
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| 1856–1951 | |||||||||
 Coat of arms of the Rana dynasty
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| Common languages | Nepali | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 6 August 1856 | ||||||||
| 1951 | |||||||||
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| Today part of | Nepal | ||||||||
Lamjung and Kaskiwas a state which was given toHis HighnessShree TinMaharajaJung Bahadur Ranain 1856 byHis MajestyKing Surendra Bir Bikram Shah.
It was ruled by theRana dynasty,aChhetri[1]dynasty, and was entitled to a 21-gun salute by theBritish.[2]The state was formed in the 18th century as part of theKingdom of Nepal.The state's most famous rulers includeJung Bahadur Rana,Chandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana,Juddha Shumsher Jang Bahadur RanaandMohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana.
Geography
[edit]The present Lamjung and Kaski State is spread over the present-dayGandaki Provinceexcluding theMustangandGorkharegions and has an area of 21,504 km2.The region is spread over theHimalayan,HillyandTerairegions of Nepal. 5,919 km2(26.8%) of the area falls under the Himalayan region. 14,604 km2(67.2%) of the area falls under the Hilly region and 1,310 km2(6%) of the area falls under the Terai region.[3]
History
[edit]
This region was before part of theChaubisi Rajya,the 26 Kings. In 1856, asanadwas given to Jung Bahadur Rana that gave him a right to use the title ofMaharaja(Great King)and he was given Lamjang and Kaski State. Also in 1856, due to the fact thatJung Bahadur Ranaand his brotherDhir Shumsher Ranahelped the British in theIndian Rebellion of 1857the British gave the Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski a 21-gun salute.[4]After Chandra Shumsher's reign the British gave all the Maharajahs of Lamjang and Kaski the title, His Highness.
Rulers
[edit]Jung Bahadur Rana (1856–1877)
[edit]He founded theRana dynastyand became thePrime Minister of Nepal.During the Indian Mutiny of 1857–58, he sent a contingent of Gurkha soldiers to aid the British, thus establishing a tradition of Gurkha military service in the British army. He also did much to improve and modernize the administration of the country and revised the old penal code.[5]He was the first Prime Minister of Nepal to tour Britain and Europe. His full title was-
His HighnessCommanding-General Supradipta-Manyabara Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra BhujadandyetyadiSriSriSriMaharajaSirJung Bahadur Rana,T'ung-ling-ping-ma-Kuo-Kang-wang,GCB,GCSI,Prime Minister of Nepal,Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski.[6]
Ranodip Singh Kunwar Rana (1877–1885)
[edit]He was the secondPrime Minister of Nepalfrom theRana dynastyand the second Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski. Ranodip established many Sanskrit schools and published the first Nepali calendar. His full title was-
His ExcellencyCommanding-General Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra BhujadandyetyadiSriSriSriMaharajaSirRanodip Singh Kunwar,Tung-ling-ping-ma-kuo-kang-wang, Prime Minister of Nepal, Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski.[7]
Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (1885–1901)
[edit]He was the thirdPrime Minister of Nepalfrom theRana dynastyand the third Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski. Bir Shamsher constructed Bir Hospital, Singh Durbar, Vaidya Khana, Bir Library and Bir Dhara.[8]His full title was-
His HighnessCommanding-General Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra BhujadandyetyadiSriSriSriMaharajaSirRanodip Singh Kunwar,Prime Minister of Nepal, Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski.
Dev Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (1901)
[edit]He was the fourthPrime Minister of Nepalfrom theRana dynastyand the fourth Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski. Dev Shamsher gave the publication of Gorkhapatra and some Primary schools to the public. He established Kanya primary school for girls. His full title was-
His ExcellencyCommanding-General Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra BhujadandyetyadiSriSriSriMaharajaSirDev Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana,Prime Minister of Nepal,Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski.
Chandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (1901–1929)
[edit]
He abolished Sati custom, and made it illegal for a person to be killed for witchcraft. He banned ritual suicide, and made additional reforms such as abolishing slavery with money from the treasury of Pashupatinath temple. He was the second Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski and the second Prime Minister of Nepal to visit Britain and tour Europe after Jung Bahadur. On 24 June, theUniversity of Oxfordconferred the honoris causa degree of Doctor of Civil Laws on him. On his departure, the Daily Telegraph wrote:
During the last few years this country has been visited by an unexampled succession of foreign personages, but none of them has been more interesting and few more important than the Prime Minister of Nepal.
He provided monetary and military assistance to Britain in theFirst World War,[9]as a result of which Nepal received a huge sum of monetary assistance, and the friendship became even more cordial after the successful conclusion of theNepal–Britain Treaty of 1923,which recognised Nepal as an independent nation and an ally of theBritish Empire.[10]His full title was-
His HighnessField MarshalSupradipta-Manyabara Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra Bhujadandyetyadi Projjwala-Nepala TaradhishaSriSriSriMaharajaSirChandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana,T'ung-ling-ping-ma-Kuo-Kang-wang,GCB,GCSI,GCMG,GCVO,FRGS,Prime Minister of Nepal,Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski.[11]
Bhim Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (1929–1932)
[edit]He was the sixthPrime Minister of Nepalfrom theRana dynastyand the sixth Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski. His full title was-
His HighnessField MarshalSupradipta-Manyabara Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra Bhujadandyetyadi Projjwala-Nepala TaradhishaSriSriSriMaharajaSirBhim Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana,Prime Minister of Nepal,Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski.
Juddha Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (1932–1945)
[edit]
He was the seventhPrime Minister of Nepalfrom theRana dynastyand the seventh Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski. Juddha Shumsher introduced the system of pension payment to civil servants and opened an office for keeping records of people's births and deaths. Juddha Shumsher implemented Company Act and established industries, such as Biratnagar Jute Mills, Juddha Match Factory etc. That is why he is known as the father of Nepalese Industries. Nepal had a trade surplus at that time. His full title was-
His HighnessField MarshalSupradipta-Manyabara Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra Bhujadandyetyadi Projjwala-Nepala TaradhishaSriSriSriMaharajaSirJuddha Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana,GCB,GCSI,GCIE,Prime Minister of Nepal,Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski.
Padma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (1945–1948)
[edit]
He was the eighthPrime Minister of Nepalfrom theRana dynastyand the eighth Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski. He began construction of the first east–west highway in Nepal. The highway was mainly intended to expedite the transport of mail and is also sometimes called Postal Highway.[12]Citing the lack of proper education in Nepal, he sent several teachers to various countries abroad to train. In addition, he also established several schools and colleges including Padmodaya high school and Padma Kanya multiple campus, which was also the first college to be established in Nepal for women. He held the first ever election in the history of Nepal in the form of a municipal election.,[13]introduced the Government Act of Nepal on 26, January, 1948, although it was never fully implemented.[14]His title was-
His HighnessField MarshalSupradipta-Manyabara Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra Bhujadandyetyadi Projjwala-Nepala TaradhishaSriSriSriMaharajaSirPadma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana,GCSI,GCIE,GBE,Prime Minister of Nepal,Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski.
Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (1948–1951)
[edit]
He was the ninth and lastPrime Minister of Nepalfrom theRana dynastyand the ninth and last recognised Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Finance, Water Resources, Panchayat, Transport & Tourism, and Education after the Rana Regime ended. He was in charge of the transferral of power from the Monarchy to democracy in 1990.[15]He had two sons General Maharajkumar Sharada Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana and General Maharajkumar Bijay Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana. His title was-
His HighnessField MarshalSupradipta-Manyabara Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra Bhujadandyetyadi Projjwala-Nepala TaradhishaSriSriSriMaharajaSirMohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana,GCB,GCIE,GBE,Prime Minister of Nepal,Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski.[16]
Titular heads
[edit]- 1951–1967:His HighnessField MarshalSupradipta-Manyabara Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra Bhujadandyetyadi Projjwala-Nepala TaradhishaSriSriSriMaharajaSirMohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana,GCB,GCIE,GBE,Maharajah of Lamjang and Kaski
- 1967–present:His HighnessSupradipta-Manyabara Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra Bhujadandyetyadi Shree Shree Shree RajaPashupati Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Bista, Dor Bahadur (1991).Fatalism and Development: Nepal's Struggle for Modernization.Orient Blackswan.ISBN978-81-250-0188-1.
- ^"DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE".Think Research Expose.19 April 2019.Retrieved12 June2022.
- ^"प्रदेश नॊ ४ को वस्तगङ्टत तथा आङ्झथिक ङ्जववयण"[PROVINCE PROFILE, PROVINCE NO.4](PDF).p4ocmcm.gov.np.Government of Province No. 4. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 28 April 2018.Retrieved28 April2018.
- ^Rāṇā, Purushottama Śamaśera Ja Ba (2002).Śrī 3 Harūko tathya vr̥ttānta(in Nepali). Vidyārthī Pustaka Bhaṇḍāra.ISBN978-99933-39-91-5.
- ^"Jung Bahadur | prime minister of Nepal | Britannica".britannica.Retrieved12 June2022.
- ^"LAMBJUNG & KASKI".iiNet.Archived fromthe originalon 20 August 2018.Retrieved12 June2022.
- ^"LAMBJUNG & KASKI (Jagir)".iiNet.Archived fromthe originalon 17 August 2018.Retrieved12 June2022.
- ^"Achievements of the Rana Period | Notes, Videos, QA and Tests".kullabs.Archived from the original on 24 October 2020.Retrieved12 June2022.
{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^Joshi, Bhuwan Lal; Rose, Leo E. (17 December 1966)."Democratic Innovations in Nepal: A Case Study of Political Acculturation".University of California Press – via Google Books.
- ^Hussain, Assad (1 January 1970).British India's relation with the Kingdom of Nepal.London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd. p. 208.ISBN9780049540149.
- ^"LAMBJUNG & KASKI".iiNet.19 April 2018. Archived fromthe originalon 19 April 2018.Retrieved12 June2022.
- ^Bhattarai, Dhruba."राष्ट्रिय गौरवको आयोजना हुलाकी राजमार्ग निर्माण कार्य कछुवा गतिमा".Online Khabar(in Nepali).
- ^Election History of Nepal.Election Commission of Nepal.
- ^Subedi, Rajaram (2004).Nepal ko Tathya Itihas.Nepal: Sajha Prakashan. p. 265.ISBN99933-2-406-X.
- ^Bushnell, Alex (21 April 2018)."Mohan Shumsher – the Rana's saviour".SpotlightNepal.Retrieved12 June2022.
- ^"LAMBJUNG AND KASKI".iiNet.Archived fromthe originalon 9 July 2018.Retrieved12 June2022.