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Langfang

Coordinates:39°32′18″N116°41′01″E/ 39.5383°N 116.6835°E/39.5383; 116.6835
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused withLanfang Republic.
For other uses, seeLangfang (disambiguation).
Langfang
Hành lang phường thị
Prefecture-level city
Clockwise from the top:Sanhe,Jingkelong,Beijing Da xing International Airport,Downtown Langfang at night
Map
Location of Langfang City jurisdiction in Hebei
Location of Langfang City jurisdiction in Hebei
Langfang is located in Hebei
Langfang
Langfang
Location of the city centre in Hebei
Langfang is located in Northern China
Langfang
Langfang
Langfang (Northern China)
Langfang is located in China
Langfang
Langfang
Langfang (China)
Coordinates (Langfang municipal government):39°32′18″N116°41′01″E/ 39.5383°N 116.6835°E/39.5383; 116.6835
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHebei
Settled1948
EstablishedSeptember 13, 1988
Municipal seatGuangyang District
Area
•Prefecture-level city6,417.28 km2(2,477.73 sq mi)
• Urban
961.8 km2(371.4 sq mi)
• Metro
961.8 km2(371.4 sq mi)
Population
(2020 census)[1]
•Prefecture-level city5,464,087
• Density850/km2(2,200/sq mi)
•Urban
1,147,591
• Urban density1,200/km2(3,100/sq mi)
•Metro
1,147,591
• Metro density1,200/km2(3,100/sq mi)
GDP[2]
•Prefecture-level cityCN¥281 billion
US$42.7 billion
• Per capitaCN¥ 60,769
US$9,000
Time zoneUTC+8(China Standard)
ISO 3166 codeCN-HE-10
License Plate PrefixKý R
Websitelf.gov.cn
Langfang
Simplified ChineseHành lang phường
Literal meaning"assistant minister's dwelling"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinLángfáng

Langfangis aprefecture-level cityofHebeiProvince,and was known asTianjin Prefectureuntil 1973. It was renamedLangfang Prefectureafter Tianjin became amunicipalityand finally upgraded into a prefecture-level city in 1988. Langfang is located approximately midway betweenBeijingandTianjin.At the 2020 census, the population of Langfang was 5,464,087, of whom 1,147,591 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Guangyang and Anci districts; its total area is around 6,417.28 km2(2,477.73 sq mi). Langfang bordersBaodingto the southwest,Cangzhouto the south (both prefecture-level cities of Hebei), Beijing to the north and Tianjin to the east. Sanhe City and Dachang Hui County are now conurbated with Beijing, so that they form part of the same built-up area. Langfang is the smallest prefecture-level city of Hebei Province by land area.

Administrative divisions

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Langfang consists of 2county-level districts,2county-level cities,5counties,1autonomous county,and oneeconomic development zone(Khai phá khu).

Map
Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Population
(2004 est.) 		Area (km2) Density (/km2)
Anci District An thứ khu Āncì Qū 350,000 595 588
Guangyang District Quảng dương khu Guǎngyáng Qū 410,000 313 1,310
Bazhou City Bá châu thị Bàzhōu Shì 570,000 784 727
Sanhe City Tam hà thị Sānhé Shì 480,000 643 747
Gu'an County Cố an huyện Gù'ān Xiàn 390,000 697 560
Yongqing County Vĩnh thanh huyện Yǒngqīng Xiàn 370,000 774 478
Xianghe County Hương hà huyện Xiānghé Xiàn 310,000 458 677
Dacheng County Đại thành huyện Dàchéng Xiàn 460,000 910 505
Wen'an County Văn an huyện Wén'ān Xiàn 460,000 980 769
Dachang Hui
Autonomous County 		Đại xưởng hồi tộc huyện tự trị Dàchǎng Huízú
Zìzhìxiàn 		110,000 176 625

Development area:

Geography

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Aerial view of downtown Langfang (below) andBeijing Da xing International Airportin July 2019

Considering Langfang's position between these two prominent cities, it is a relatively green city. Every 300 to 500 m (980 to 1,640 ft) along the city's major streets are parks where local people stroll and take exercise. Langfang's five-kilometer longpedestrian streetis now the longest in China.[citation needed]On the other hand, air pollution is a severe problem and in 2013 it was ranked among the 10 worst cities in China for air pollution, along with 6 other cities in Hebei includingXingtai,Shijiazhuang,Baoding,Handan,HengshuiandTangshan,are among China's 10 most polluted cities.[3]

The "Northern Three Counties" Exclave

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The "Northern Three Counties of Langfang City[zh]"exclave,separated from the rest of the province, is a part of Langfang City. The exclave comprisesSanheCounty-level city,Xianghe County,andDachang Hui Autonomous Countyand is located between the municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin.

Climate

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Climate data for Langfang (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 14.4
(57.9) 		19.6
(67.3) 		30.4
(86.7) 		33.2
(91.8) 		39.1
(102.4) 		41.4
(106.5) 		40.3
(104.5) 		37.0
(98.6) 		35.0
(95.0) 		31.1
(88.0) 		22.4
(72.3) 		14.1
(57.4) 		41.4
(106.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2.2
(36.0) 		6.2
(43.2) 		13.4
(56.1) 		21.3
(70.3) 		27.5
(81.5) 		31.1
(88.0) 		31.9
(89.4) 		30.8
(87.4) 		26.8
(80.2) 		19.7
(67.5) 		10.4
(50.7) 		3.6
(38.5) 		18.7
(65.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.4
(25.9) 		0.1
(32.2) 		7.1
(44.8) 		14.8
(58.6) 		21.0
(69.8) 		25.0
(77.0) 		26.9
(80.4) 		25.7
(78.3) 		20.7
(69.3) 		13.3
(55.9) 		4.7
(40.5) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		12.9
(55.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −7.8
(18.0) 		−4.7
(23.5) 		1.6
(34.9) 		8.8
(47.8) 		14.8
(58.6) 		19.6
(67.3) 		22.6
(72.7) 		21.5
(70.7) 		15.8
(60.4) 		8.2
(46.8) 		0.2
(32.4) 		−5.7
(21.7) 		7.9
(46.2)
Record low °C (°F) −21.8
(−7.2) 		−18.5
(−1.3) 		−11.2
(11.8) 		−3.0
(26.6) 		5.0
(41.0) 		10.1
(50.2) 		14.6
(58.3) 		12.7
(54.9) 		3.7
(38.7) 		−5.5
(22.1) 		−13.7
(7.3) 		−19.5
(−3.1) 		−21.8
(−7.2)
Averageprecipitationmm (inches) 2.6
(0.10) 		5.7
(0.22) 		6.7
(0.26) 		23.6
(0.93) 		34.8
(1.37) 		77.3
(3.04) 		164.2
(6.46) 		122.0
(4.80) 		52.8
(2.08) 		29.5
(1.16) 		14.3
(0.56) 		2.3
(0.09) 		535.8
(21.07)
Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) 1.8 2.2 2.9 4.7 5.9 9.2 11.4 9.5 6.8 4.7 3.2 1.5 63.8
Average snowy days 2.4 2.1 1.1 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4 2.6 9.7
Averagerelative humidity(%) 50 48 45 47 52 61 74 76 70 63 59 53 58
Mean monthlysunshine hours 173.6 180.2 226.3 247.0 275.2 243.2 215.3 219.6 214.0 199.7 165.5 165.7 2,525.3
Percentpossible sunshine 57 59 61 62 62 55 48 52 58 59 56 57 57
Source:China Meteorological Administration[4][5]all-time extreme temperature[6]

History

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See also:Battle of LangfangandBattle of Beiping–Tianjin § The Langfang Incident

On June 26, 1900, during theBoxer Movement,belligerent European forces heading towards Beijing were stopped by Boxers at theBattle of Langfang,and were defeated and forced to turn back to Tianjin. The Chinese forces were victorious.[7]

It was the site of another battle during theSecond Sino-Japanese War.

Economy

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Langfang's economy emphasizes computers and technology and manufacturing. To that effect Langfang is home to anExport Processing Zone,an area for factories, and theOriental University City,a 4-billionyuaninvestment that began construction in 1999, where some 30 universities enroll about 50,000 students.

There are two national oil and gas companies based in Langfang. TheChina Petroleum Pipeline Bureau,the primary builder of pipelines in China, and theENN Group,a natural gas company, are both based in the city.[8]

Development Zone

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  • Langfang Export Processing Zone

The Langfang Export Processing Zone (Langfang EPZ) was established by the State Council in 2005. It has a planned area of 0.5 km2 and commenced operation in October 2008. It is the only state-level development zone in Langfang. Langfang EPZ is located in the Langfang Economic and Technical Development Zone (Langfang ETDZ), which is a province-level development zone. It is 38 km (24 mi) from Beijing's third ring-road, and 50 km (31 mi) from down-town Tianjin. It is 60 km (37 mi) from Beijing Capital International Airport, and 70 km (43 mi) from Tianjin Binhai International Airport, airports which are China's first and twelfth largest airports in terms of cargo transport, respectively. The nation's fourth largest seaport, Tianjin Port, is 105 km (65 mi) from Langfang EPZ.[9]

Transport

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Langfang railway stationinAnci District,Langfang

Part of theBeijing Da xing International Airport(IATA:PKX,ICAO:ZBAD) is located inGuangyang Districtof Langfang. It is also only a one-hour drive fromBeijing Capital International Airport(IATA:PEK,ICAO:ZBAA) and the Tianjin New Port.

TheGuangyang railway stationserves the olderBeijing–Shanghai railway,while the newerLangfang railway stationopened in July 2011 as the penultimate stop on theBeijing–Shanghai high-speed railway.[10]

References

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  1. ^"China: Hébĕi (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  2. ^Tỉnh Hà Bắc thống kê cục, quốc gia thống kê cục Hà Bắc điều tra tổng đội.《 Hà Bắc kinh tế niêm giám －2018》.Trung Quốc thống kê nhà xuất bản.ISBN978-7-5356-7824-9.Archivedfrom the original on 2020-03-26.Retrieved2019-07-11.
  3. ^Bildner, Eli (February 27, 2013)."Interactive Maps of China's Most–and Least–Polluted Places".Global Voices China.newsmotion.org. Archived fromthe originalon 3 September 2014.Retrieved1 September2014.
  4. ^Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng – WeatherBk Data(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved26 August2023.
  5. ^ "Experience Template"Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved26 August2023.
  6. ^"Extreme Temperatures Around the World".Retrieved2024-09-15.
  7. ^Paul A. Cohen (1997).History in three keys: the boxers as event, experience, and myth.Columbia University Press. p.49.ISBN0-231-10651-3.Retrieved2010-06-28.dong fuxiang major victory seymour tianjin.
  8. ^"China National Wins Reliance Gas Pipeline Contract in India".Bloomberg. July 8, 2014.
  9. ^RightSite.asia | Langfang Export Processing Zone
  10. ^Kinh hỗ cao thiết công bố 23 cái trạm danh 6 nguyệt 1 ngày khởi chính thức bắt đầu dùng.2011-05-26. Archived fromthe originalon 2011-08-08.Retrieved2012-04-14.
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