Latinism
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ALatinism(fromMedieval Latin:Latinismus) is a word,idiom,or structure in a language other thanLatinthat is derived from, or suggestive of, the Latin language.[1]The TermLatinismrefers to thoseloan wordsthat are borrowed into another language directly fromLatin(especially frequent amonginkhorn terms);English has many of these,as well. There are manyLatinisms in English,and other (especiallyEuropean) languages.
Lexical Latinism
[edit]On the basic level of particularwordsandlexemes,creation and adoption of Latinisms has a long history, dating back to the ancient times. Early lexical Latinisms are attested in various languages that came into contact with Latin language during the expansion of ancientRoman culture.The same process continued during the Middle Ages, and acquired new forms in modern times under the influence of scientific terminology, largely based on theScientific Latin.As a particular subgroup of lexical Latinisms, variousonomasticLatinisms are formed through Latinisation ofproper names,includingpersonal namesandtoponyms.
Syntactical Latinism
[edit]Renewed interest in Classical Latin literature during theRenaissanceperiod resulted in the emergence of various forms ofsyntacticalLatinisms, manifested by a tendency of renaissance and later authors to shape the syntax of their sentences according to rhetorical style used by Classical Latin authors, likeCiceroandCaesar.[2]
Idiomatic Latinism
[edit]Idiomatic Latinisms arephrasesoridiomsthat are adopted from Latin language, or modeled according to Latin phraseology.
See also
[edit]- Latin influence in English
- List of Latin expressions
- List of Latin abbreviations
- List of Latin legal terms
- Neo-Latin
- Vulgar Latin
References
[edit]- ^The Free Dictionary: Latinism
- ^G. Juan (2012): "Syntactic latinisms in the translation of the Eneida by don Enrique de Villena", Boletin de la Real Academia Espanola 92 (306), pp. 179-211.