Liatris
Liatris | |
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Liatris spicata | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Asterales |
Family: | Asteraceae |
Subfamily: | Asteroideae |
Tribe: | Eupatorieae |
Genus: | Liatris Gaertn.exSchreb. |
Synonyms[1] | |
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Liatris(/laɪˈætrɪs/[2]), commonly known asgayfeather[3]andblazing star[4][5]is a genus offlowering plantsin the tribeEupatorieaewithin the familyAsteraceaenative toNorth America(Canada, United States, Mexico andthe Bahamas).[6][7][4]Some species are used asornamental plants,sometimes inflower bouquets.They are perennials, surviving the winter and resprouting undergroundcorms.[4]
Liatrisspecies are used as food plants by thelarvaeof someLepidopteraspecies including the flower mothsSchinia gloriosaandSchinia sanguinea,both of which feed exclusively on the genus, andSchinia tertiaandSchinia trifascia.
Classification
[edit]Liatrisis in the tribeEupatorieaeof the aster family. Like other members of this tribe, the flower heads havedisc floretsand noray florets.Liatrisis in the subtribe Liatrinae along withTrilisa,Carphephorus,and other genera.[8][9]Liatrisis closely related toGarberia,a genus with only one speciesendemictoFlorida.The two genera can be distinguished by theshrubform of the latter and bykaryotype.[10]
Species
[edit]Species in the genus include:[1][4][5][11][12][13]
- Liatris acidota– sharp blazing star, Gulf Coast blazing star -TXLA
- Liatris aestivalis– summer blazing star -TXOK
- Liatris aspera– tall blazing star -ONT,United States (Mississippi Valley,Great Lakes,scattered locales in East)
- Liatris borealis-Allegheny MountainsofPA
- Liatris × boykinii-GAAL
- Liatris bracteata– bracted blazing star -TX
- Liatris chapmanii– Chapman's blazing star -FLGAAL
- Liatris cokeri– Coker's blazing star -NCSC
- Liatris compacta– scaly blazing star -AROK
- Liatris creditonensis-ONT
- Liatris cylindracea– Ontario blazing star, fewhead blazing star -ONT,central + southeastern United States
- Liatris cymosa– branched blazing star -TX
- Liatris × deamii
- Liatris densispicata-MN
- Liatris elegans– pinkscale blazing star, elegant blazing star -TXOKARLAMSALFLGASC
- Liatris elegantula– shaggy blazing star -TNMSALGAFL
- Liatris fallacior-ND
- Liatris × frostii-MNMO
- Liatris garberi– Garber's blazing star -FLBahamas
- Liatris gholsonii– Gholson's blazing star -FL
- Liatris × gladewitzii-ONT,MIWIIL
- Liatris glandulosa– glandular blazing star -TX
- Liatris gracilis– slender blazing star -MSALGAFLSC
- Liatris helleri– Heller's blazing star, turgid blazing star -MDWVVANC
- Liatris hirsuta– hairy blazing star - central + southeastern United States
- Liatris laevigata– shortleaf blazingstar -FLGA
- Liatris lancifolia– lanceleaf blazingstar -NMTXCOWYKSNESDIA
- Liatris ligulistylis– Rocky Mountain blazing star, strap-style blazing star -MANSASALBNDSDMNWIILIAMONEWYMTCONM
- Liatris microcephala– small-head blazing star -NCSCGAALTNKY
- Liatris novae-angliae– New England blazing-star
- Liatris ohlingerae– Florida blazing star, scrub blazing star -FL
- Liatris oligocephala– Cahaba torch -AL
- Liatris patens– spreading blazing star, Georgia blazing star -FLGASC
- Liatris pauciflora– fewflower blazing star -ALGAFLSCNC
- Liatris pilosa– grass-leaf blazing star, shaggy blazing star -SCNCVAMDDEPANJ
- Liatris × platylepis-LA
- Liatris provincialis– Godfrey's blazing star -FL
- Liatris punctata– dotted blazing star, plains gayfeather -MANSASALBeastern + central United StatesCoahuila,Nuevo León,Tamaulipas,San Luis Potosí
- Liatris pycnostachya– prairie blazing star, button snakeroot, cattail gayfeather, thickspike gayfeather, Kansas gayfeather -QUEeastern United States
- Liatris × ridgwayi-ILKS
- Liatris savannensis– savanna blazing star -FL
- Liatris scariosa– northern gayfeather, devil's bite - eastern + central United States
- Liatris × serotina-LA
- Liatris × spheroidea-ONT
- Liatris spicata– dense blazing star, button snakewort, florist gayfeather, marsh blazingstar, prairie-pine -ONTQUEeastern United States
- Liatris squarrosa– loosescale gayfeather, colicroot, scaly blazing star - central + southeastern United States
- Liatris squarrulosa– southern gayfeather, Appalachian blazing star - south-central + southeastern United States
- Liatris × steelei-ILINKY
- Liatris tenuifolia– pine-needle gayfeather, shortleaf gayfeather -MSALGATNSC
- Liatris tenuis– gulf blazing star, Shinners' gayfeather -TXLA
- Liatris virgata– wand blazing star, King's Mountain gayfeather, piedmont gayfeather -VAWVNCSCGA
- Liatris × weaveri-NE
References
[edit]- ^abFlann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae ChecklistArchived2014-12-17 atarchive.today
- ^Sunset Western Garden Book.1995. 606–07.
- ^"ITIS - Report: Liatris".
- ^abcdNesom, Guy L. (2006)."Liatris".In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA).Vol. 21. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org,Missouri Botanical Garden,St. Louis, MO &Harvard University Herbaria,Cambridge, MA.
- ^ab"Liatris".Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
- ^Schreber, Johann Christian Daniel von. 1791. Genera Plantarum 2: 542
- ^"Liatris".Tropicos.Missouri Botanical Garden.
- ^Schmidt, G. J. and E. E. Schilling (2000)."Phylogeny and biogeography ofEupatorium(Asteraceae: Eupatorieae) based on nuclear ITS sequence data ".American Journal of Botany.87(5). Botanical Society of America: 716–726.doi:10.2307/2656858.JSTOR2656858.PMID10811796.
- ^"Asteraceae subtribe Liatrinae".Germplasm Resources Information Network(GRIN).Agricultural Research Service(ARS),United States Department of Agriculture(USDA).
- ^Lamont, Eric E. (2006)."Garberia".In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA).Vol. 21. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org,Missouri Botanical Garden,St. Louis, MO &Harvard University Herbaria,Cambridge, MA.
- ^GRIN Species Records ofLiatris.GRIN.
- ^"Liatris".County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA).Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
- ^Turner, B. L. 1997. The Comps of Mexico: A systematic account of the family Asteraceae, vol. 1 – Eupatorieae. Phytologia Memoirs 11: i–iv, 1–272