List of Cascade Range topics
Appearance
This article contains a list of volcanoes and a list of protected areas associated with theCascade Rangeof thePacific Northwestof North America.
Volcanoes
[edit]Volcanoes south of theFraser Riverin theCascade Volcanic Arc(ageologicalterm) belong to the Cascade Range (ageographicterm). Peaks are listed north to south.
North Cascades
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Mount_Baker.jpg/220px-Mount_Baker.jpg)
- Coquihalla Mountain(southern British Columbia) — highest peak in theBedded Range.It is a major preservedstratovolcanoin thePemberton Volcanic Belt,an extinct portion of theCanadian Cascade Arc.[1]
- Mount Baker(Near theUnited States-Canadaborder) — highest peak in northernWashington.It is anactive volcano.[2]Steam activity from itscrateroccurs relatively frequently. Mount Baker is one of the snowiest places on Earth; in 1999 the ski area (on a subsidiary peak) recorded the world's greatest single-season snowfall: 1,140 in (29,000 mm).
- Glacier Peak(northern Washington) — secluded and relatively inaccessible peak. Contrary to its name, its glacial cover is not that extensive. The volcano is surprisingly small in volume, and gets most of its height by having grown atop a nonvolcanic ridge.
High Cascades
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/MSH82_st_helens_plume_from_harrys_ridge_05-19-82.jpg/220px-MSH82_st_helens_plume_from_harrys_ridge_05-19-82.jpg)
- Mount Rainier(southeast ofTacoma, Washington) — highest peak in the Cascades, it dominates the surrounding landscape. There is no other higher peak northward until the Yukon-Alaska-BC border apex beyond theAlsek River.
- Mount St. Helens(southern Washington) — Erupted in 1980, leveling forests to the north of the mountain and sending ash across the northwest. The northern part of the mountain was destroyed in the blast (1980 Mount St. Helens eruption).
- Mount Adams(east of Mount St. Helens) — the second highest peak in Washington and third highest in the Cascade Range.
- Mount Hood(northernOregon) — the highest peak in Oregon and arguably the most frequently climbed major peak in the Cascades.
- Mount Jefferson(northcentral Oregon) — the second highest peak in Oregon.
- Three Fingered Jack(northcentral Oregon) — Highly erodedPleistocenevolcano.
- Mount Washington(between Santiam and McKenzie passes) — a highly eroded shield volcano.[3]
- Three Sisters(near the city ofBend, Oregon) — South Sister is the highest and youngest, with a well-defined crater. Middle Sister is more pyramidal and eroded. North Sister is the oldest and has a crumbling rock pinnacle.
- Broken Top(to the southeast of South Sister) — a highly eroded extinctstratovolcano.ContainsBendandCrook Glaciers.
- Newberry Volcano— isolatedcalderawith two craterlakes.Very variable lavas. Flows from here have reached the city of Bend.
- Mount Bachelor(near Three Sisters) — a geologically young (less than 15,000 years) shield-to-stratovolcano which is now the site of a popularskiresort. (Mt. Bachelor ski area)
- Diamond Peak(south ofWillamette Pass) — a 8,744 ft (2,665 m) volcano composed of 15 km3(3.6 cu mi) ofbasaltic andesite.
- Mount Bailey(north of Mount Mazama)
- Mount Thielsen(east of Mount Bailey) — highly eroded volcano with a prominent spire, making it the Lightning Rod of the Cascades.
- Mount Mazama(southern Oregon) — better known for itsCrater Lake,which is acalderaformed by a catastrophic eruption which took out most of the summit roughly 6,900 years ago. Mount Mazama is estimated to have been about 11,000 ft (3,400 m) elevation prior to the blast.
- Mount Scott(southern Oregon) — on the southeastern flank of Crater Lake. At 8,929 ft (2,722 m) elevation, this small stratovolcano is the highest peak inCrater Lake National Park.
- Mount McLoughlin(nearKlamath Falls, Oregon) — presents a symmetrical appearance when viewed fromKlamath Lake.
- Medicine Lake Volcano— ashield volcanoinnorthern Californiawhich is the largest volcano by volume in the Cascades.
- Mount Shasta(northern California) — second highest peak in the Cascades. Can be seen in theSacramento Valleyas far as 140 mi (230 km) away, as it is a dominating feature of the region.
- Lassen Peak(south of Mount Shasta) — southernmost volcano in the Cascades and the most easily climbed peak in the Cascades. It erupted from 1914 to 1921, and like Mount Shasta, it too can be seen in the Sacramento Valley, up to 120 mi (190 km) away. Lowest Peak because the Cascades extend from it.
Protected areas
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Santiam_Pass.jpg/325px-Santiam_Pass.jpg)
There are fourU.S. National Parksin the Cascade Range, one National Scenic Area, and manyU.S. National Monuments,U.S. Wilderness Areas,andU.S. National Forests.Each classification protects the variousglaciers,volcanoes,geothermalfields, rivers, lakes, forests, and wildlife to varying degrees.
National parks
[edit]- Lassen Volcanic National Parkwas established in 1916 while its namesake peak was erupting. The park includes the most extensive and active thermal areas in theUnited StatesoutsideYellowstone National Park.
- Crater Lake National Parkpreserves the remains ofMount Mazama,a large volcano that imploded thousands of years ago, forming acalderathat was later filled with rain and ground water, later to be known asCrater Lake.
- Mount Rainier National Parksurrounds the Cascades' highest volcano,Mount Rainier,which in turn is covered by the largestglaciersystem in the United States south ofAlaska.
- North Cascades National Parkwas carved out of a primitive part of the range composed of ancientmetamorphicandsedimentary rock.Mount BakerandGlacier Peakare nearby.
National Scenic Areas
[edit]National monuments
[edit]- Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monumentwas formed following the1980 eruptionofMount St. Helensin order to preserve the devastated area and give scientists a chance to study its recovery.
- Newberry National Volcanic Monumentincludes the area aroundNewberry Volcanoin centralOregon.
- Cascade–Siskiyou National Monumentis located in southernOregonat the junction of the Cascades and theSiskiyou Mountains.
- Lava Beds National MonumentinCalifornialies on the northeast flank of theMedicine Lake Volcanoand is the site of the largest concentration oflava tubesin the United States.
Provincial Parks
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/HikingIntoMeadow_1150H.jpg/170px-HikingIntoMeadow_1150H.jpg)
- Skagit Valley Provincial Park
- E. C. Manning Provincial Park
- Cascade Recreation Area
- Cathedral Provincial Park and Protected Area
- Coquihalla Canyon Provincial Park
- Chilliwack Lake Provincial Park
- Coquihalla Summit Recreation Area
- Silver Lake Provincial Park
- Nicolum River Provincial Park
- Skihist Provincial Park
- Bridal Veil Falls Provincial Park
- Cultus Lake Provincial Park
Wilderness areas
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gnome_Tarn_Enchantments.jpg/170px-Gnome_Tarn_Enchantments.jpg)
- Wenatchee National ForestWilderness Areas
- Gifford Pinchot National ForestWilderness Areas
- Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National ForestWilderness Areas
- Mount Hood National ForestWilderness Areas
- Deschutes National ForestWilderness Areas
- Willamette National ForestWilderness Areas
- Umpqua National ForestWilderness Areas
- Rogue River – Siskiyou National ForestWilderness Areas
- Fremont–Winema National ForestsWilderness Areas
- Shasta-Trinity National ForestWilderness Areas
- Lassen National ForestWilderness Areas
Natural history
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Hickson, Catherine J.(1994)."Character of volcanism, volcanic hazards, and risk, northern end of the Cascade magmatic arc, British Columbia and Washington State".Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada(481): 231–250.ResearchGate:279903958.InJames W.H., Monger,ed. (1994)."Geology and geological hazards of the Vancouver region, southwestern British Columbia".Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada.ASINB00TJDP7TI.doi:10.4095/203244.S2CID127155689.
- ^Scott, Kevin M.;Hildreth, Wes;Gardner, Cynthia A.(2000)."Mount Baker - living with an active volcano".U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 059-00.Fact Sheet.doi:10.3133/fs05900.NLA3826324.
- ^"Mount Washington Wilderness, Willamette National Forest, Oregon".Wildernet. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-02-22.Retrieved2012-04-23.