List of geological features on Titan

This is alist of named geological features onSaturn's moonTitan.Official names for these features have only been announced since the 2000s, as Titan's surface was virtually unknown before the arrival of theCassini–Huygensprobe.Some features were known by informal nicknames beforehand; these names are noted where appropriate. Note that some features with a physical size given by "diameter" may not be circular; then the number refers to the length.

Global map of Titan – withIAUlabels (August 2016).

Titan − the surface under the haze (December 2018)

Albedo features

Titan – infrared views (2004–2017)

Albedo featureson Titan are named after sacred or enchanted places in world mythologies and literature.

Bright albedo features

Name	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named After	Ref
Adiri	10°S210°W	0	2006	Adiri,Melanesianparadise	WGPSN
Dilmun	15°N175°W	0	2006	Dilmun,Sumerianheaven	WGPSN
Quivira	0°N15°W	0	2006	Quivira,legendary city in southwestern America	WGPSN
Tsegihi	40°S10°W	0	2006	Tsegihi,Navajosacred place	WGPSN
Xanadu	15°S100°W	3400	2006	Xanadu,an imaginary palace inColeridge'sKubla Khan	WGPSN

Dark albedo features

Name	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named After	Informal Name	Ref
Aaru	10°N340°W	0	2006	Aaru,Egyptianparadise		WGPSN
Aztlan	10°S20°W	0	2006	Aztlán,mythicalAztechomeland	Southern part of 'Lying H'	WGPSN
Belet	5°S255°W	0	2006	Belet,Malayparadise		WGPSN
Ching-tu	30°S205°W	0	2006	Ching-tu,Chinese Buddhistparadise		WGPSN
Fensal	5°N30°W	0	2006	Fensalir,Norseheavenly mansion	Northern part of 'Lying H'	WGPSN
Mezzoramia	70°S0°W	0	2006	Mezzoramia,African oasis of happiness from Italian legend		WGPSN
Senkyo	5°S320°W	0	2006	Senkyo,Japaneseparadise		WGPSN
Shangri-La	10°S165°W	0	2006	Shangri-La,Tibetanparadise		WGPSN

Arcūs

Titaneanarcūs(arc-shaped features) are named after deities of happiness.

Name	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named After	Ref
Hotei Arcus	28°S79°W	600	2006	Hotei,Japanese god	WGPSN

Colles

Collesare small hills or knobs which are named after characters inJ. R. R. Tolkien'sMiddle-earth.

Name	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named After	Ref
Arwen Colles	7.5°S 250.0°W/-7.5; -250.0(Arwen)	64	19 December 2012	Arwen,character from Tolkien'sThe Lord of the Ringstrilogy	WGPSN
Bilbo Colles	4.2°S 38.6°W/-4.2; -38.6(Bilbo)	164	19 December 2012	Bilbo Baggins,titular character of Tolkien'sThe Hobbit	WGPSN
Faramir Colles	4.0°N 153.8°W/4.0; -153.8(Faramir)	82	19 December 2012	Faramir,character from Tolkien'sThe Lord of the Ringstrilogy	WGPSN
Gandalf Colles	14.6°N 209.5°W/14.6; -209.5(Gandalf)	102	20 July 2015	Gandalf,character from Tolkien'sThe Lord of the Ringstrilogy	WGPSN
Handir Colles	10.0°N 356.7°W/10.0; -356.7(Handir)	100	19 December 2012	Handir,character from Tolkien'sThe Silmarillion	WGPSN
Nimloth Colles	11.9°N 151.3°W/11.9; -151.3(Nimloth)	90	19 December 2012	Nimloth,name of a character and a tree from Tolkien's Middle-Earth	WGPSN

Craters

Craterson Titan are named after deities of wisdom.

Name	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named After	Informal Name	Ref
Afekan	25.8°N 200.3°W/25.8; -200.3(Afekan)	115.0	4 August 2008	Afekan,New Guineancreator goddess		WGPSN
Beag	34.7°S 169.6°W/-34.7; -169.6(Beag)	145.0	15 April 2015	Beag,Irish/Celtic goddess		WGPSN
Forseti	25.5°N 10.4°W/25.5; -10.4(Forseti)	115.0	15 April 2015	Forseti,Norse god		WGPSN
Hano	40.3°N 14.9°E/40.3; 14.9(Hano)	100.0	23 December 2011	Hano,Bella Coola (northwestern USA and western Canada) goddess of education knowledge and magic. She manifested as a shaman so she could teach the people		WGPSN
Ksa	14.0°N 65.4°W/14.0; -65.4(Ksa)	29.0	11 October 2006	Ksa,Lakota/Oglalaspirit		WGPSN
Menrva	20.1°N 87.2°W/20.1; -87.2(Menrva)	392.0	2006	Menrva,Etruscangoddess	'Circus Maximus'	WGPSN
Momoy	11.6°N 44.6°W/11.6; -44.6(Momoy)	40.0	23 December 2011	Momoy,Chumashancestor shaman and goddess of magic		WGPSN
Mystis	0.1°N 194.9°W/0.1; -194.9(Mystis)	20.0	20 July 2015	Mystis,Greek nymph		WGPSN
Selk	7.0°N 199.0°W/7.0; -199.0(Selk)	80.0	15 February 2008	Selk,Egyptiangoddess		WGPSN
Sinlap	11.3°N 16.0°W/11.3; -16.0(Sinlap)	80.0	2006	Sinlap,Kachinspirit		WGPSN
Soi	24.3°N 140.9°W/24.3; -140.9(Soi)	75.0	3 February 2012	Soi,Melanesian (New Ireland Island Papua New Guinea) god of wisdom		WGPSN

Faculae

Faculae(bright spots) are named afterislandson Earth that are not politically independent.Groups of faculae are named afterarchipelagoson Earth.

Facula	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Informal name	Ref
Antilia Faculae	11.0°S 187.0°W/-11.0; -187.0(Antilia Faculae)	260	2006	Antillia,mythical Atlantic archipelago		WGPSN
Bazaruto Facula	11.6°N 16.1°W/11.6; -16.1(Bazaruto Facula)	215	2006	Bazaruto,Mozambiqueisland		WGPSN
Coats Facula	11.1°S 29.2°W/-11.1; -29.2(Coats Facula)	80	2006	Coats Island,Canada		WGPSN
Crete Facula	9.4°N 150.1°W/9.4; -150.1(Crete Facula)	680	2006	Crete,Greekisland		WGPSN
Elba Facula	10.8°S 1.2°W/-10.8; -1.2(Elba Facula)	250	2006	Elba,Italianisland		WGPSN
Kerguelen Facula	5.4°S 151.0°W/-5.4; -151.0(Kerguelen Facula)	135	2006	Kerguelen Islands,Frenchsubantarctic island		WGPSN
Mindanao Facula	6.6°S 174.2°W/-6.6; -174.2(Mindanao Facula)	210	2006	Mindanao,Philippineisland	'Ireland'	WGPSN
Nicobar Faculae	2.0°N 159.0°W/2.0; -159.0(Nicobar Faculae)	575	2006	Nicobar Islands,Indianarchipelago		WGPSN
Oahu Facula	5.0°N 166.7°W/5.0; -166.7(Oahu Facula)	465	2006	Oahu,Hawaiianisland		WGPSN
Santorini Facula	2.4°N 145.6°W/2.4; -145.6(Santorini Facula)	140	2006	Santorini,Greekisland		WGPSN
Shikoku Facula	10.4°S 164.1°W/-10.4; -164.1(Shikoku Facula)	285	2006	Shikoku,Japaneseisland	'Great Britain'	WGPSN
Tasmania Facula	10.41°N 167.37°W/10.41; -167.37(Tasmania Facula)	26	14 April 2022	Tasmania		WGPSN
Texel Facula	11.5°S 182.6°W/-11.5; -182.6(Texel Facula)	190	2006	Texel,Dutchisland	'Manhattan'	WGPSN
Tortola Facula	8.8°N 143.1°W/8.8; -143.1(Tortola Facula)	65	2006	Tortola,British Virgin Islands	'The Snail'	WGPSN
Vis Facula	7.0°N 138.4°W/7.0; -138.4(Vis Facula)	215	2006	Vis,Croatianisland		WGPSN

Fluctūs

The term "fluctus"refers to flow terrain. Fluctūs on Titan are named after mythological figures associated withbeauty.

Fluctus	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Ara Fluctus	39.8°N 118.4°W/39.8; -118.4(Ara Fluctus)	70	2 March 2007	Ara the Beautiful,Armenianlegendary figure	WGPSN
Leilah Fluctus	50.5°N 77.8°W/50.5; -77.8(Leilah Fluctus)	190	2 March 2007	Layla,Persiangoddess	WGPSN
Mohini Fluctus	11.78°S 38.53°W/-11.78; -38.53(Mohini)	347	13 November 2012	Mohini,Indian goddess of beauty and magic	WGPSN
Rohe Fluctus	47.3°N 37.75°W/47.3; -37.75(Rohe Fluctus)	103	2 March 2007	Rohe,Māorigoddess	WGPSN
Winia Fluctus	49.0°N 46.0°W/49.0; -46.0(Winia Fluctus)	300	2 March 2007	Winia,Indonesianfirst woman	WGPSN

Flumina

A flumen is a feature that looks like a channel carved by liquid. Flumina refers to a network of rivers. Some flumina are not found near liquid bodies, which are labelled as "dry valley". They are named after mythical or imaginary rivers.

Flumina	Coordinates	Liquid Body	Length (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Apanohuaya Flumen	84.29°N 297.24°W/84.29; -297.24(Apanohuaya Flumen)	Punga Mare	64	12 March 2020	Apanohuaya,mythological river in theAztec Underworld	WGPSN
Celadon Flumina	73.7°S 28.8°W/-73.7; -28.8(Celadon Flumina)	dry valley	160	8 October 2014	Celadon,river inHomer'sIliad	WGPSN
Elivagar Flumina	19.3°N 78.5°W/19.3; -78.5(Elivagar Flumina)	dry valley	260	27 September 2007	TheÉlivágar,a group of ice rivers inNorse mythology	WGPSN
Gihon Flumen	76.81°N 215.55°W/76.81; -215.55(Gihon Flumen)	Ligeia Mare	225	14 December 2020	Gihon,Biblical second river of paradise that flows fromEden	WGPSN
Hubur Flumen	70.2°S 192.9°W/-70.2; -192.9(Hubur Flumen)	Ontario Lacus	84	27 December 2015	Hubur,river of the underworld in Mesopotamian mythology	WGPSN
Karesos Flumen	70.9°S 194.8°W/-70.9; -194.8(Karesos Flumen)	Ontario Lacus	83	27 December 2015	River inHomer'sIliad	WGPSN
Kokytos Flumina	72.71°N 255°W/72.71; -255(Kokytos Flumina)	Ligeia Mare	305	14 December 2020	Cocytus,river of lamentations in theGreek underworld	WGPSN
Sambation Flumina	87.33°N 90.12°W/87.33; -90.12(Sambation Flumina)	Punga Mare	210	14 December 2020	Sambation,legendary river in Jewish literature	WGPSN
Saraswati Flumen	74.6°S 193.5°W/-74.6; -193.5(Saraswati Flumen)	Ontario Lacus	2.9	27 December 2015	Saraswati,river in Hindu mythology	WGPSN
Vid Flumina	72.9°N 242.5°W/72.9; -242.5(Vid Flumina)	Ligeia Mare	158	13 February 2013	One of the rivers inÉlivágar.	WGPSN
Xanthus Flumen	83.47°N 242.76°W/83.47; -242.76(Xanthus Flumina)	Ligeia Mare	78	6 November 2015	Name of the Gods of the river Skamandros in theIliad.	WGPSN

Freta

A fretum (pluralfreta) is a strait of liquid connecting two larger liquid bodies. They are named after characters from theFoundation seriesof science fiction novels byIsaac Asimov.

Fretum	Coordinates	Length (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Informal name	Ref
Bayta Fretum	73°N 311.2°W/73; -311.2(Bayta Fretum)	165	19 January 2015	Bayta Darell,fictional character in Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series, wife of the Trader Toran Darell and grandmother of famous authorArcadia Darell.		WGPSN
Hardin Fretum	57.3°N 317.8°W/57.3; -317.8(Hardin Fretum)	246	19 January 2015	Salvor Hardin,fictional character in Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series, first Mayor of the planetTerminus.		WGPSN
Seldon Fretum	66°N 316.6°W/66; -316.6(Seldon Fretum)	67	19 January 2015	Hari Seldon,the fictional, intellectual hero of Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series, First Minister ofthe Galactic Empire.	'Throat of Kraken'	WGPSN
Trevize Fretum	74.4°N 269.9°W/74.4; -269.9(Trevize Fretum)	173	19 January 2015	Golan Trevize,fictional character in Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series, councilman of the planet Terminus.		WGPSN

Insulae

Insulae are islands within Titan's seas. They are named after legendary islands.

Insula	Coordinates	Liquid body	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Bermoothes Insula	67.1°N 317.1°W/67.1; -317.1(Bermoothes Insula)	Kraken Mare	124	19 January 2015	Bermoothes,an enchanted island inShakespeare'sTempest	WGPSN
Bimini Insula	73.3°N 305.4°W/73.3; -305.4(Bimini Insula)	Kraken Mare	39	19 January 2015	Bimini,island inArawaklegend said to contain the fountain of youth.	WGPSN
Bralgu Insula	76.2°N 251.5°W/76.2; -251.5(Bralgu Insula)	Ligeia Mare	55	19 January 2015	Baralku,inYolnguculture, the island of the dead and the place where theDjanggawul,the three creator siblings, originated.	WGPSN
Buyan Insula	77.3°N 245.1°W/77.3; -245.1(Buyan Insula)	Ligeia Mare	48	19 January 2015	Buyan,a rocky island in Russian folk tales located on the south shore ofBaltic Sea	WGPSN
Hawaiki Insulae	84.32°N 327.07°W/84.32; -327.07(Hawaiki Insulae)	Punga Mare	35	14 December 2020	Hawaiki,original home island of thePolynesian peoplein local mythology	WGPSN
Hufaidh Insulae	67°N 320.3°W/67; -320.3(Hufaidh Insulae)	Kraken Mare	152	19 January 2015	Hufaidh,legendary island in the marshes of southernIraq	WGPSN
Krocylea Insulae	69.1°N 302.4°W/69.1; -302.4(Kocylea Insulae)	Kraken Mare	74	19 January 2015	Crocylea,mythological Greek island in theIonian Sea,nearIthaca	WGPSN
Mayda Insula	79.1°N 312.2°W/79.1; -312.2(Mayda Insula)	Kraken Mare	168	11 April 2008	Mayda,legendary island in the northeastAtlantic	WGPSN
Meropis Insula	83.85°N 313.68°W/83.85; -313.68(Meropis Insula)	Punga Mare	30	14 December 2020	Meropis,fictional island mentioned by ancient Greek writer Theopompus in his workPhilippica	WGPSN
Onogoro Insula	83.28°N 311.7°W/83.28; -311.7(Onogoro Insula)	Punga Mare	15	14 December 2020	Onogoro Island,Japanese mythological island	WGPSN
Penglai Insula	72.2°N 308.7°W/72.2; -308.7(Penglai Insula)	Kraken Mare	94	19 January 2015	Penglai,mythological Chinese mountain island where immortals and gods lived.	WGPSN
Planctae Insulae	77.5°N 251.3°W/77.5; -251.3(Planctae Insulae)	Ligeia Mare	64	19 January 2015	Symplegades,the "clashing rocks" inBosphoruswhich onlyArgowas said to have successfully passed.	WGPSN
Royllo Insula	68.3°N 297.2°W/68.3; -297.2(Royllo Insula)	Kraken Mare	103	19 January 2015	Royllo,legendary island in theAtlantic,on verge of unknown, nearAntillaandSaint Brandan.	WGPSN

Labyrinthi

Artist's concept of Sikun Labyrinthus

Labyrinthi(complexes of intersecting valleys or ridges)on Titan are named after planets from the fictionalDuneuniversecreated byFrank Herbert.

Labyrinthus	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Anbus Labyrinthus	39.2°N 215°W/39.2; -215(Anbus Labyrinthus)	120	1 March 2017	Anbus	WGPSN
Corrin Labyrinthus	66.0°S 31°W/-66.0; -31(Corrin Labyrinthus)	280	14 September 2017	Corrin	WGPSN
Ecaz Labyrinthus	83.0°S 36.7°W/-83.0; -36.7(Ecaz Labyrinthus)	360	8 October 2014	Ecaz	WGPSN
Gammu Labyrinthus	77.9°S 250°W/-77.9; -250(Gammu Labyrinthus)	115	8 March 2017	Gammu	WGPSN
Gamont Labyrinthus	56.8°N 75°W/56.8; -75(Gamont Labyrinthus)	130	1 March 2017	Gamont	WGPSN
Gansireed Labyrinthus	69.3°S 239.3°W/-69.3; -239.3(Gansireed Labyrinthus)	300	8 March 2017	Gansireed	WGPSN
Ginaz Labyrinthus	83°N 261.7°W/83; -261.7(Ginaz Labyrinthus)	160	1 March 2017	Ginaz	WGPSN
Grumann Labyrinthus	69.3°S 239.3°W/-69.3; -239.3(Grumann Labyrinthus)	540	1 March 2017	Grumann	WGPSN
Harmonthep Labyrinthus	72.3°S 101.4°W/-72.3; -101.4(Harmonthep Labyrinthus)	363	14 September 2017	Harmonthep	WGPSN
Ipyr Labyrinthus	86.24°N 289°W/86.24; -289(Ipyr Labyrinthus)	76.97	14 December 2020	Ipyr	WGPSN
Junction Labyrinthus	47.7°S 215.3°W/-47.7; -215.3(Junction Labyrinthus)	484	1 March 2017	Junction	WGPSN
Kaitain Labyrinthus	52.37°N 348.66°W/52.37; -348.66(Kaitain Labyrinthus)	196	8 October 2014	Kaitain	WGPSN
Kronin Labyrinthus	35.7°S 96.27°W/-35.7; -96.27(Kronin Labyrinthus)	270	1 March 2017	Kronin	WGPSN
Lampadas Labyrinthus	81.8°S 124°W/-81.8; -124(Lampadas Labyrinthus)	445	8 March 2017	Lampadas	WGPSN
Lankiveil Labyrinthus	48.2°S 149.5°W/-48.2; -149.5(Lankiveil Labyrinthus)	450	1 March 2017	Lankiveil	WGPSN
Lernaeus Labyrinthus	83.4°S 138°W/-83.4; -138(Lernaues Labyrinthus)	167	8 March 2017	Lernaeus	WGPSN
Muritan Labyrinthus	68.8°S 219.2°W/-68.8; -219.2(Muritan Labyrinthus)	200	8 March 2017	Muritan	WGPSN
Naraj Labyrinthus	74.2°S 35.8°W/-74.2; -35.8(Naraj Labyrinthus)	115	8 March 2017	Naraj	WGPSN
Niushe Labyrinthus	75.1°N 88.1°W/75.1; -88.1(Niushe Labyrinthus)	222	14 September 2017	Niushe	WGPSN
Palma Labyrinthus	72.4°S 31°W/-72.4; -31(Palma Labyrinthus)	69	8 March 2017	Palma	WGPSN
Richese Labyrinthus	41.8°N 199.0°W/41.8; -199.0(Richese Labyrinthus)	200	8 October 2014	Richese	WGPSN
Salusa Labyrinthus	45.6°N 264.2°W/45.6; -264.2(Salusa Labyrinthus)	126	14 September 2017	Salusa	WGPSN
Sikun Labyrinthus	77.9°S 28.9°W/-77.9; -28.9(Sikun Labyrinthus)	175	6 January 2010	Sikun	WGPSN
Tleilax Labyrinthus	48°S16°W	207	1 March 2017	Tleilax	WGPSN
Tupile Labyrinthus	80.5°S 32.2°W/-80.5; -32.2(Tupile Labyrinthus)	84	20 July 2015	Tupile	WGPSN

Lacunae

Main article:Lakes of Titan

Lacunae are dark areas with the appearance of dry lake beds, which are named afterintermittent lakeson Earth.

Lacunae	Coordinates	Length (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Atacama Lacuna	68.2°N 227.6°W/68.2; -227.6(Atacama Lacuna)	35.9	21 December 2010	Salar de Atacama,intermittent lake in Chile	WGPSN
Cerknica Lacuna	71.12°N 175.56°W/71.12; -175.56(Cerknica Lacuna)	96	13 April 2022	Intermittent lake in Slovenia	WGPSN
Eyre Lacuna	72.6°N 225.1°W/72.6; -225.1(Eyre Lacuna)	25.4	21 December 2010	Lake Eyre,anintermittent lakeinAustralia	WGPSN
Jerid Lacuna	66.7°N 221°W/66.7; -221(Jerid Lacuna)	42.6	21 December 2010	Chott el Djerid,intermittent lake inTunisia	WGPSN
Kutch Lacuna	88.4°N 217°W/88.4; -217(Kutch Lacuna)	175	3 December 2013	Great Rann of Kutch,intermittent lake on Pakistani-Indian border	WGPSN
Melrhir Lacuna	64.9°N 212.6°W/64.9; -212.6(Melrhir Lacuna)	23	21 December 2010	Chott Melrhir,intermittent lake inAlgeria	WGPSN
Nakuru Lacuna	65.81°N 94°W/65.81; -94(Nakuru Lacuna)	188	3 December 2013	Lake Nakuru,intermittent lake inKenya	WGPSN
Ngami Lacuna	66.7°N 213.9°W/66.7; -213.9(Ngami Lacuna)	37.2	21 December 2010	Lake Ngami,inBotswana,and like itsterrestrialnamesake is considered to beendorheic.	WGPSN
Orog Lacuna	70.85°N 172.06°W/70.85; -172.06(Orog Lacuna)	42	13 April 2022	Intermittent lake in Mongolia	WGPSN
Racetrack Lacuna	66.1°N 224.9°W/66.1; -224.9(Racetrack Lacuna)	9.9	21 December 2010	Racetrack Playa,intermittent lake inCalifornia,USA	WGPSN
Uyuni Lacuna	66.3°N 228.4°W/66.3; -228.4(Uyuni Lacuna)	27	21 December 2010	Salar de Uyuni,intermittent lake and world's largest salt flat inBolivia	WGPSN
Veliko Lacuna	76.8°S 33.1°W/-76.8; -33.1(Veliko Lacuna)	93	20 July 2015	Veliko Lake,intermittent lake inBosnia-Herzegovina	WGPSN
Woytchugga Lacuna	68.88°N 109.0°W/68.88; -109.0(Woytchugga Lacuna)	449	3 December 2013	Indications are that it is an intermittentlakeand so was named in 2013 afterLake WoytchugganearWilcannia,Australia.	WGPSN

Lacūs

Lakes of liquid methane on Titan. View fromBolsena Lacus(lower right) toMackay Lacus(upper left).

Main article:Lakes of Titan

Lacūs (plural form oflacusused in Titan geological nomenclature) are hydrocarbon lakes.

Large ringed features

Large ring features are named after deities of wisdom in world mythology.

Ring feature	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Guabonito	10.9°S 150.8°W/-10.9; -150.8(Guabonito)	55	2006	Guabonito,Taínosea goddess	WGPSN
Nath	30.5°S 7.7°W/-30.5; -7.7(Nath)	95	2006	Irishgoddess of wisdom	WGPSN
Paxsi	5.0°N 341.2°W/5.0; -341.2(Paxsi)	120	15 October 2010	Aymaragoddess of the moon and wisdom	WGPSN
Veles	2.0°N 137.3°W/2.0; -137.3(Veles)	45	2006	Veles,Slavicgod	WGPSN

Maculae

Titaneanmaculae(dark spots) are named after deities of happiness, peace, and harmony in world mythology.

Macula	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Eir Macula	24.0°S 114.7°W/-24.0; -114.7(Eir Macula)	145	2006	Eir,Norsegoddess.	WGPSN
Elpis Macula	31.2°N 27.0°W/31.2; -27.0(Elpis Macula)	500	2006	Elpis,Greekgod	WGPSN
Ganesa Macula	50.0°N 87.3°W/50.0; -87.3(Ganesa Macula)	160	2006	Ganesa,Hindugod	WGPSN
Genetaska Macula	23.5°N 196.3°W/23.5; -196.3(Genetaska Macula)	24	20 July 2015	Genetaska,Peace Queen of the Iroquois	WGPSN
Omacatl Macula	17.6°N 37.2°W/17.6; -37.2(Omacatl Macula)	225	2006	Omacatl,Aztecgod.	WGPSN
Polaznik Macula	41.1°S 280.4°W/-41.1; -280.4(Polaznik Macula)	346.90	5 April 2010	Polaznik,Slavic god	WGPSN
Polelya Macula	50.0°N 56.0°W/50.0; -56.0(Polelya Macula)	175	2 March 2007	Polelya,Slavic god	WGPSN

Maria

Main article:Lakes of Titan

Maria (plural of mare) are hydrocarbon seas.

Montes

Mountains are named after mountains from the fictionalMiddle-Earthcreated byJ.R.R. Tolkien.

Mons	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Angmar Montes	10.0°S 221.0°W/-10.0; -221.0(Angmar Montes)	230	5 December 2011	Mountains of Angmar	WGPSN
Dolmed Montes	11.6°S 216.8°W/-11.6; -216.8(Dolmed Montes)	400	5 December 2011	Mount Dolmed	WGPSN
Doom Mons	14.65°S 40.42°W/-14.65; -40.42(Doom Mons)	63	13 November 2012	Mount Doom	WGPSN
Echoriat Montes	7.4°S 213.8°W/-7.4; -213.8(Echoriat Montes)	930	5 December 2011	Echoriath	WGPSN
Erebor Mons	4.97°S 36.23°W/-4.97; -36.23(Erebor Mons)	50	13 November 2012	Erebor,the Lonely Mountain	WGPSN
Gram Montes	9.9°S 207.9°W/-9.9; -207.9(Gram Montes)	260	5 December 2011	Mount Gram	WGPSN
Irensaga Montes	5.68°S 212.71°W/-5.68; -212.71(Irensaga Montes)	194	13 November 2012	Irensaga	WGPSN
Lithui Montes	84.68°N 112.56°W/84.68; -112.56(Lithui Montes)	200	14 December 2020	Ered Lithui,also called Ash Mountains	WGPSN
Luin Montes	81.98°N 36.26°W/81.98; -36.26(Luin Montes)	156	13 April 2022	Ered Luin,also called Blue Mountains	WGPSN
Merlock Montes	8.9°S 211.8°W/-8.9; -211.8(Merlock Montes)	200	5 December 2011	Merlock Mountains	WGPSN
Mindolluin Montes	3.3°S 208.96°W/-3.3; -208.96(Mindolluin Montes)	340	13 November 2012	Mindolluin	WGPSN
Misty Montes	56.8°N 62.44°W/56.8; -62.44(Misty Montes)	73	13 November 2012	Misty Mountains	WGPSN
Mithrim Montes	2.16°S 127.42°W/-2.16; -127.42(Mithrim Montes)	147	13 November 2012	Mountains of Mithrim	WGPSN
Moria Montes	15.1°N 190.5°W/15.1; -190.5(Moria Montes)	107	20 July 2015	Mountains of Moria	WGPSN
Rerir Montes	4.8°S 212.1°W/-4.8; -212.1(Rerir Montes)	370	5 December 2011	Mount Rerir	WGPSN
Taniquetil Montes	3.67°S 213.26°W/-3.67; -213.26(Taniquetil Montes)	130	13 November 2012	Taniquetil	WGPSN

Paterae

Pateraearecalderaor deep-wall craters with a possible volcanic origin. Sotra Patera was formerly named Sotra Facula, which followed the naming theme forFaculae.Nonomenclaturecurrently exists for this class of features on Titan.

Patera	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Sotra Patera	12.5°S 39.8°W/-12.5; -39.8(Sotra Facula)	40	19 December 2012	Sotra,Norwegianisland	WGPSN

Planitiae

Planitiae(low plains) on Titan are named after planets from the fictionalDuneuniversecreated byFrank Herbert.

Planitia	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Arrakis Planitia	78.4°S 117.0°W/-78.4; -117.0(Arrakis Planitia)	337.40	5 April 2010	Arrakis	WGPSN
Buzzell Planitia	66.3°S 262.7°W/-66.3; -262.7(Buzzell Planitia)	870	18 March 2016	Buzzell	WGPSN
Caladan Planitia	31.0°N 226.0°W/31.0; -226.0(Caladan Planitia)	2800	8 October 2014	Caladan	WGPSN
Chusuk Planitia	5.0°S 23.5°W/-5.0; -23.5(Chusuk Planitia)	125	4 August 2009	Chusuk	WGPSN
Giedi Planitia	5.22°N 357.02°W/5.22; -357.02(Giedi Planitia)	303.25	24 August 2017	Giedi	WGPSN
Hagal Planitia	60.6°S 345.0°W/-60.6; -345.0(Hagal Planitia)	435	27 December 2015	Hagal	WGPSN
Poritrin Planitia	48.0°N 24.0°W/48.0; -24.0(Poritrin Planitia)	1900	8 October 2014	Poritrin	WGPSN
Romo Planitia	82.8°S 201.0°W/-82.8; -201.0(Romo Planitia)	400	27 December 2015	Romo	WGPSN
Rossak Planitia	71.0°S 355°W/-71.0; -355(Rossak Planitia)	512	27 December 2015	Rossak	WGPSN
Xuttah Planitia	10.60°N 167.69°W/10.60; -167.69(Xuttah Planitia)	18	13 April 2022	Xuttah	WGPSN

Regiones

Regiones(regions distinctly different from their surroundings) are named after deities of peace and happiness.

Regio	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Concordia Regio	20.0°S 241.0°W/-20.0; -241.0(Concordia Regio)	1500	5 January 2012	Concordia,the Roman goddess of divinity and harmony	WGPSN
Hetpet Regio	22.0°S 292.0°W/-22.0; -292.0(Hetpet Regio)	1080	5 January 2012	Hetpet,the Egyptian personification of happiness	WGPSN
Hotei Regio	26.0°S 78.0°W/-26.0; -78.0(Hotei Regio)	500	7 May 2009	Budai,Chinese/Japanese god	WGPSN
Ochumare Regio	10.4°N 348.1°W/10.4; -348.1(Ochumare Regio)	939	14 September 2017	Ochumare,Puertan Rican goddess of happiness and weather	WGPSN
Tui Regio	24.5°S 124.9°W/-24.5; -124.9(Tui Regio)	1200	2006	Tui,Chinesegoddess.	WGPSN

Sinūs

Sinus (bays) within seas or lakes are named after terrestrial bays, coves, fjords or inlets.

Name	Coordinates	Liquid body	Length (km)	Approval Date	Source of name	Ref
Arnar Sinus	72.6°N 322°W/72.6; -322(Arnar Sinus)	Kraken Mare	101	19 January 2015	Arnar,fjord inIceland	WGPSN
Avacha Sinus	82.87°N 335.43°W/82.87; -335.43(Avacha Sinus)	Punga Mare	51	12 March 2020	Avacha BayinKamchatka,Russia	WGPSN
Baffin Sinus	80.35°N 344.62°W/80.35; -344.62(Baffin Sinus)	Kraken Mare	110	9 January 2018	Baffin BaybetweenCanadaandGreenland	WGPSN
Boni Sinus	78.69°N 345.38°W/78.69; -345.38(Boni Sinus)	Kraken Mare	54	9 January 2018	Gulf of BoniinIndonesia	WGPSN
Dingle Sinus	81.36°N 336.44°W/81.36; -336.44(Dingle Sinus)	Kraken Mare	80	9 January 2018	Dingle BayinIreland	WGPSN
Fagaloa Sinus	82.9°N 320.5°W/82.9; -320.5(Fagaloa Sinus)	Punga Mare	33	14 December 2020	Fagaloa BayinUpolu Island,Samoa	WGPSN
Flensborg Sinus	64.9°N 295.3°W/64.9; -295.3(Flensborg Sinus)	Kraken Mare	115	19 January 2015	Flensburg Firth,fjord betweenDenmarkandGermany	WGPSN
Fundy Sinus	83.26°N 315.64°W/83.26; -315.64(Fundy Sinus)	Punga Mare	91	12 March 2020	Bay of FundyinCanadathat hosts the world's largest tides	WGPSN
Gabes Sinus	67.6°N 289.6°W/67.6; -289.6(Gabes Sinus)	Kraken Mare	147	19 January 2015	Gabes,or Syrtis minor, a bay inTunisia	WGPSN
Genova Sinus	80.11°N 326.61°W/80.11; -326.61(Genova Sinus)	Kraken Mare	125	9 January 2018	Gulf of GenoainItaly	WGPSN
Kumbaru Sinus	56.8°N 303.8°W/56.8; -303.8(Kumbaru Sinus)	Kraken Mare	122	19 January 2015	Bay inIndia	WGPSN
Lulworth Sinus	67.19°N 316.88°W/67.19; -316.88(Lulworth Sinus)	Kraken Mare	24	12 March 2020	Lulworth Covein southernEngland	WGPSN
Maizuru Sinus	78.9°N 352.53°W/78.9; -352.53(Maizuru Sinus)	Kraken Mare	92	9 January 2018	Maizuru Bayin Japan	WGPSN
Manza Sinus	79.29°N 346.1°W/79.29; -346.1(Manza Sinus)	Kraken Mare	37	9 January 2018	Manza BayinTanzania	WGPSN
Montego Sinus	80.76°N 130.92°W/80.76; -130.92(Montego Sinus)		83	13 April 2022	Montego BayinJamaica	WGPSN
Moray Sinus	76.6°N 281.4°W/76.6; -281.4(Moray Sinus)	Kraken Mare	204	19 January 2015	Moray FirthinScotland	WGPSN
Nicoya Sinus	74.8°N 251.2°W/74.8; -251.2(Nicoya Sinus)	Ligeia Mare	130	19 January 2015	Gulf of NicoyainCosta Rica	WGPSN
Okahu Sinus	73.7°N 282°W/73.7; -282(Okahu Sinus)	Kraken Mare	141	19 January 2015	Okahu BaynearAuckland,New Zealand	WGPSN
Patos Sinus	77.2°N 224.8°W/77.2; -224.8(Patos Sinus)	Ligeia Mare	103	19 January 2015	Patos,fjord inChile	WGPSN
Puget Sinus	82.4°N 241.1°W/82.4; -241.1(Puget Sinus)	Ligeia Mare	93	19 January 2015	Puget SoundinWashington,United States	WGPSN
Rombaken Sinus	75.3°N 232.9°W/75.3; -232.9(Rombaken Sinus)	Ligeia Mare	92.5	19 January 2015	Rombaken,fjord inNorway	WGPSN
Saldanha Sinus	82.42°N 322.5°W/82.42; -322.5(Saldanha Sinus)	Punga Mare	18	14 December 2020	Saldanha BayinSouth Africa	WGPSN
Skelton Sinus	76.8°N 314.9°W/76.8; -314.9(Skelton Sinus)	Kraken Mare	73	19 January 2015	Skelton GlaciernearRoss Sea,Antarctica	WGPSN
Trold Sinus	71.3°N 292.7°W/71.3; -292.7(Trold Sinus)	Kraken Mare	118	19 January 2015	Trold Fiord FormationinNunavut,Canada	WGPSN
Tumaco Sinus	82.55°N 315.22°W/82.55; -315.22(Puget Sinus)	Punga Mare	31	14 December 2020	Tumaco,port city and bay inColombia	WGPSN
Tunu Sinus	79.2°N 299.8°W/79.2; -299.8(Tunu Sinus)	Kraken Mare	134	19 January 2015	Tunu,fjord inGreenland	WGPSN
Wakasa Sinus	80.7°N 270°W/80.7; -270(Wakasa Sinus)	Ligeia Mare	146	19 January 2015	Wakasa BayinJapan	WGPSN
Walvis Sinus	58.2°N 324.1°W/58.2; -324.1(Walvis Sinus)	Kraken Mare	253	19 January 2015	Walvis BayinNamibia	WGPSN

Terrae

Terrae are extensive landmasses. As with the albedo features, they are named after sacred and enchanted locations from cultures across the world.

Terra	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Garotman Terra	13.5°S 348.0°W/-13.5; -348.0(Garotman Terra)	970	5 January 2012	Garotman,the Iranian paradise that the souls of faithful men inhabit	WGPSN
Tollan Terra	6.4°N 322.7°W/6.4; -322.7(Tollan Terra)	800	5 January 2012	Tollan,the Aztec paradise where crops never wilt	WGPSN
Tsiipiya Terra	2.83°N 340.12°W/2.83; -340.12(Tsiipiya Terra)	573.24	24 August 2017	Tsiipiya,theHopiname forMount TaylorinNew Mexico,USA	WGPSN
Yalaing Terra	19.5°S 324.0°W/-19.5; -324.0(Yalaing Terra)	980	5 January 2012	Yalaing,the Australian spirit land for good souls with clean water and game	WGPSN

Undae

Undae aredunefields. On Titan they are named afterGreek deitiesof wind.

Undae	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Aura Undae	13.79°N 226.86°W/13.79; -226.86(Aura Undae)	490	20 July 2015	Aura,goddess of the morning wind.	WGPSN
Boreas Undae	6°S215°W	260	5 December 2011	Boreas,Greek god of the north wind.	WGPSN
Eurus Undae	7.5°S 210.3°W/-7.5; -210.3(Eurus Undae)	220	5 December 2011	Eurus,Greek personification of the east wind.	WGPSN
Notus Undae	10°S 211.1°W/-10; -211.1(Notus Undae)	530	5 December 2011	Notus,Greek god of the south or southwest wind.	WGPSN
Zephyrus Undae	8.5°S 217.1°W/-8.5; -217.1(Zephyrus Undae)	130	5 December 2011	Zephyrus,Greek personification of the gentle west wind.	WGPSN

Virgae

Virgae(streaks of colour) are named after rain gods in world mythologies.

Virga	Coordinates	Diameter (km)	Approval Date	Named after	Ref
Bacab Virgae	19.0°S 151.0°W/-19.0; -151.0(Bacab Virgae)	485	2006	Bacab,Mayan rain god	WGPSN
Hobal Virga	35.0°S 166.0°W/-35.0; -166.0(Hobal Virga)	1075	2006	Hobal,Arabianrain god.	WGPSN
Kalseru Virga	36.0°S 137.0°W/-36.0; -137.0(Kalseru Virga)	630	2006	Kalseru,Australian Aboriginerain god.	WGPSN
Perkunas Virgae	27.0°S 162.0°W/-27.0; -162.0(Perkunas Virgae)	980	2006	Perkūnas,Lithuanian supreme god	WGPSN
Shiwanni Virgae	25.0°S 32.0°W/-25.0; -32.0(Shiwanni Virgae)	1400	2006	Shiwanni,Zunirain god	WGPSN
Tishtrya Virgae	23.8°N 179.8°W/23.8; -179.8(Tishtrya Virgae)	276	20 July 2015	Tishtrya,Persian rain god	WGPSN
Tlaloc Virgae	23.7°N 207.7°W/23.7; -207.7(Tlaloc Virgae)	600	20 July 2015	Tlaloc,Aztec rain god	WGPSN
Uanui Virgae	45.2°N 235.3°W/45.2; -235.3(Uanui Virgae)	917	5 April 2010	Uanui, Māori rain god	WGPSN

Informal names for previously unnamed features

Because the exact nature of many surface features remain mysterious, a number of features took time to receive formal names and are known by nicknames. In most cases, indications of brightness and darkness refer not to visible light, but to theinfraredimages used to look through Titan's obscuring haze.

• 'The Sickle': a large, dark, sickle-shaped region identified by the Hubble Space Telescope.
• 'Throat of Kraken': unofficial name for thestraitthat separates the north and south basins ofKraken Mare,before officially being named Seldon Fretum. It was used in early publications that hypothesized about its role with tidal dissipation and surface currents between the two basins of Kraken Mare.

See also

• Lakes of Titan

External links

• USGS: Titan nomenclature
• USGS links to PDF maps with nomenclature