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List of species that have landed on the Moon

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Although manyspecieshavebeen to space,only a few have landed on theMoon.This is alist of species that have landed on the Moon,only including landings in which thepayloadsurvived. This list currently contains 10 species. Before 2019, only animals (in particular one species,Homo sapiens) landed on the moon; in January 2019, plants and fungi also landed on the moon.

List[edit]

Species Quantity Mission(s) First landing date References
Human 12 Apollo 11,Apollo 12,Apollo 14,Apollo 15,Apollo 16,Apollo 17 20 July 1969 [1][2][3][4]
Silkworm 1+ Chang'e 4 3 January 2019 [5][6][7][8]
Fruit fly 1+ Chang'e 4 3 January 2019 [5][6][7][8]
Arabidopsis 1+ Chang'e 4 3 January 2019 [5][6][7][8]
Cotton 1+ Chang'e 4 3 January 2019 [5][6][7][8]
Potato 1+ Chang'e 4 3 January 2019 [5][6][7][8]
Rapeseed 1+ Chang'e 4 3 January 2019 [5][6][7][8]
Yeast 1+ Chang'e 4 3 January 2019 [5][6][7][8]
Bacteria 1+ Chang'e 4 3 January 2019 [5][6][7][8]
Tardigrade 1000+ Beresheet 11 April 2019 [9][10][11]

Future missions[edit]

These are future missions that plan to send additional organisms to the Moon.

Artemis 3[edit]

Main article:Artemis 3

In 2025,NASAplans to send four astronauts to the Moon, would include the first woman and the first person of color to land on the Moon. They would be the first human landing on the Moon in more than 50 years, since the 1972Apollo 17 mission.[12]In January 2024, NASA officially delayed the Artemis 3 mission to no earlier than September 2026.[13]

ALEPH-1[edit]

Main article:Beresheet 2

After the failed landing ofBeresheetin 2019, which resulted in a crash, spillingthousands of tardigadesonto the Moon,Lunaria One,an Australian organization, plans to send plants such asresurrection grasswith the Israeli spacecraftBeresheet 2to the Moon in 2025.[14][15]

Species that have orbited or circled the Moon without landing[edit]

Humans and other animals have orbited or circled the Moon without landing. These include tortoises onZond 5(September 1968),Zond 6(November 1968), andZond 7(August 1969), fruit flies on Zond 5, and five mice,Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey,who traveled in the 1972Apollo 17Command ModuleAmericaand, along with astronautRonald Evans,still hold the record for the most orbits of the Moon (75).

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. Some species are not specified due to inadequate information.
  2. The number of some species is not specified due to inadequate information.
  3. ALEPH-1 is the mission,Beresheet 2is the spacecraft.

References[edit]

  1. ^"Apollo 11 Mission Overview – NASA".2015-04-17.Retrieved2023-10-19.
  2. ^"Who Has Walked on the Moon? – NASA Science".science.nasa.gov.Retrieved2023-10-19.
  3. ^"Apollo 11 | History, Mission, Landing, Astronauts, Pictures, Spacecraft, & Facts".britannica.Retrieved2023-10-19.
  4. ^"Timeline of the Apollo Space Missions".britannica.Retrieved2023-10-20.
  5. ^abcdefgh"NASA – NSSDCA – Spacecraft – Details".nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov.Retrieved2023-10-19.
  6. ^abcdefgh"Comsat Launch Bolsters China's Dreams for Landing on the Moon's Far Side – Scientific American".Scientific American.2018-11-29. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-11-29.Retrieved2023-10-19.
  7. ^abcdefgh"China Moon mission lands Chang'e-4 spacecraft on far side".BBC News.2019-01-02.Retrieved2023-10-20.
  8. ^abcdefgh"Chang'e 4 landing marks start of new China-US space race".South China Morning Post.2019-01-03.Retrieved2023-10-20.
  9. ^"Beresheet – NASA Science".science.nasa.gov.Retrieved2023-10-19.
  10. ^"Tardigrades: 'Water bears' stuck on the moon after crash".BBC News.2019-08-07.Retrieved2023-10-19.
  11. ^Resnick, Brian (2019-08-06)."Tardigrades, the toughest animals on Earth, have crash-landed on the moon".Vox.Retrieved2023-10-19.
  12. ^"Artemis III: NASA's First Human Mission to the Lunar South Pole – NASA".2023-01-13.Retrieved2023-10-20.
  13. ^Foust, Jeff (2024-01-09)."NASA delays Artemis 2 and 3 missions".SpaceNews.Retrieved2024-01-29.
  14. ^Elizabeth Rayne (2022-10-20)."Seeds launching to the moon in 2025 will test plant resilience".Space.Retrieved2023-10-20.
  15. ^"Australia seeks to grow plants on moon by 2025".phys.org.Retrieved2023-10-20.
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