Loufan County
Loufan
Lâu phiền huyện | |
|---|---|
 Location in Taiyuan | |
  Loufan Location of the seat in Shanxi | |
| Coordinates:38°04′07″N111°47′51″E/ 38.06861°N 111.79750°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Shanxi |
| Prefecture-level city | Taiyuan |
| Population (2020[1]) | 91,208 |
| Time zone | UTC+8(China Standard) |
| Loufan County | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | Lâu phiềnHuyện | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | Lâu phiềnHuyện | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Loufan Countyis acountyofShanxi Province,NorthChina,it is under the administration of theprefecture-level cityofTaiyuan,the capital of the province. It is the westernmostcounty-level divisionof Taiyuan.
Name
[edit]Loufan is named for theLoufan Kingdom(Lâu phiềnLóufán<Eastern Han Chinese*l(i)o-buɑn<Old Chinese*ro-ban620 BCE?, ca.; 307 BCE)[2]in ancient China during theWarring States period,which was conquered by thestateofZhaoin two campaigns in 306 and 304BC after the adoption ofnomad(Hu) weapons and customs by theKing Wuling of Zhao.[3]DuringEmperor Gaozu of Han's time, Loufan were associated with the Xiongnu.[4]
History
[edit]Loufan County formed part ofYanmen Commanderyunder theQinandHan.Its formerseatis now located inNingwu County[5]inXinzhou Prefecture.
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Loufan, elevation 1,150 m (3,770 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 11.6 (52.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
25.9 (78.6) |
34.2 (93.6) |
34.7 (94.5) |
38.9 (102.0) |
37.1 (98.8) |
35.3 (95.5) |
34.8 (94.6) |
27.9 (82.2) |
22.0 (71.6) |
14.9 (58.8) |
38.9 (102.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.1 (34.0) |
5.1 (41.2) |
11.2 (52.2) |
18.6 (65.5) |
24.1 (75.4) |
28.0 (82.4) |
29.0 (84.2) |
26.9 (80.4) |
22.5 (72.5) |
16.4 (61.5) |
8.8 (47.8) |
2.2 (36.0) |
16.2 (61.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.6 (18.3) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
3.1 (37.6) |
10.5 (50.9) |
16.5 (61.7) |
20.5 (68.9) |
22.3 (72.1) |
20.3 (68.5) |
15.1 (59.2) |
8.4 (47.1) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
8.4 (47.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −14.0 (6.8) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
2.7 (36.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
13.3 (55.9) |
16.6 (61.9) |
15.0 (59.0) |
9.3 (48.7) |
2.2 (36.0) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
1.9 (35.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −24.8 (−12.6) |
−22.0 (−7.6) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
3.6 (38.5) |
9.1 (48.4) |
6.5 (43.7) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−26.8 (−16.2) |
−26.8 (−16.2) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 1.6 (0.06) |
4.0 (0.16) |
8.8 (0.35) |
22.9 (0.90) |
33.0 (1.30) |
56.3 (2.22) |
103.9 (4.09) |
103.0 (4.06) |
58.8 (2.31) |
27.1 (1.07) |
9.9 (0.39) |
1.6 (0.06) |
430.9 (16.97) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.9 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 10.2 | 13.6 | 11.9 | 9.3 | 6.4 | 3.8 | 1.4 | 76.9 |
| Average snowy days | 2.7 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 17.9 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 51 | 48 | 44 | 43 | 45 | 55 | 68 | 73 | 71 | 63 | 58 | 52 | 56 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 195.7 | 190.7 | 222.4 | 234.8 | 260.1 | 245.9 | 222.9 | 206.7 | 186.9 | 204.8 | 192.2 | 193.6 | 2,556.7 |
| Percentpossible sunshine | 64 | 62 | 60 | 59 | 59 | 56 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 60 | 64 | 66 | 58 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[6][7] | |||||||||||||
References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^Shānxī: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
- ^Schuessler, Axel (2014). "Phonological Notes on Hàn Period Transcriptions of Foreign Names and Words".Studies in Chinese and Sino-Tibetan Linguistics: Dialect, Phonology, Transcription and Text.Language and Linguistics Monograph Series. Taipei, Taiwan: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica (53). p. 266
- ^Sima Qian,Shiji,Genealogies of Zhao:"King Wuling"
- ^Shiji,"Stories about Liu Jing and Shusun Tong";text: "Lưu kính từ Hung nô tới, nhân ngôn “Hung nô Hà Nam bạch dương, lâu phiền vương, đi Trường An gần giả bảy trăm dặm..."; translation: "Liu Jing,having come [back] from the Xiongnu, consequently said: 'The kings of the White Sheep and Loufan Xiongnu, south of theYellow River,are nearby, [just] 700 li fromChang'an... "
- ^Xiong (2009),s.v. "Huiyuan".
- ^Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng – WeatherBk Data(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved26 August2023.
- ^ Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved26 August2023.
Bibliography
[edit]- xzqh.org(in Chinese)
- Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009),Historical Dictionary of Medieval China,Historical Dictionaries of Ancient Civilizations and Historical Eras,No. 19,Lanham:Scarecrow Press,ISBN9780810860537.
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