Ludwig Noiré

Ludwig Noiré, in 1876

Ludwig Noiré(26 March 1829 – 27 March 1889) was aGermanphilosopher,known for his studies involving thephilosophy of language.He was born inAlzey.

He received his education at theUniversity of Giessen,and later relocated toMainz,where he worked as a grammar school teacher.

He saw the ability to speak as a genuine human ability and developed the theory that working together was the origin of language. Noiré was convinced that language is a precondition for thinking. The empirical proof thereof was criticized byErnst Cassireras irrevocably failed.

Alexander Bogdanovattributed some of his ideas, formalized astektology,on the development of a monistic system to Ludwig Noiré.

Alexander Bogdanovused Noiré's theory that language originated in the collective labor cries of primeval people as the basis for defending the idea ofhistorical materialismthat "existence determines consciousness." That is, labor is the primary realm of the emergence of ideology. Bogdanov, himself, put it this way: "The initial roots of words were sounds that spontaneously burst out, connected with human activities. But these sounds must have signified actions, and were necessary so that all members of primordial society could ‘understand’ them – i.e. having heard a certain sound, they would think of a certain activity. This would automatically result from activities that were carried out together, collectively. Cries while working, which accompanied general labour, would be determined by the nature of the work: one cry with one act of labour, other cries with other acts of labour."

Noiré contributed an historical introduction toF. Max Müller’s 1881 translation ofKant’sCritique of Pure Reason.It was titled "The Critique of Pure Reason as Illustrated by a Sketch of the Development of Occidental Philosophy" and was over 300 pages long.

Works

• Die Welt als Entwicklung des Geistes,1874 – The world as a development of the spirit.
• Grundlagen einer zeitgemäßen Philosophie,1875 – Foundation of a modern philosophy.
• Der monistische Gedanke. Eine Konkordanz der Philosophie Schopenhauers, Darwins, Robert Mayers und Lazarus Geigers,1875 – The monistic idea. A concordance on the philosophy ofSchopenhauer,Charles Darwin,Robert Mayer andLazarus Geiger.
• Die Doppelnatur der Kausalität,1876 – The double nature ofcausality.
• Einleitung und Begründung einer monistischen Erkenntnistheorie,1877 – Introduction and creation of amonisticknowledge theory.
• Aphorismen zur monistischen Philosophie,1877 – Aphorisms on monistic philosophy.
• Der Ursprung der Sprache,1877 – The origin of language.
• Das Werkzeug und seine Bedeutung für die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Menschheit,1880 – The tool and its importance for the history of human development.
• Die Lehre Kants und der Ursprung der Vernunft,1882 – The doctrine ofKantand the origin of reason.
• Logos, Ursprung und Wesen der Begriffe,1885 (translated asThe origin and philosophy of language,1917)
• Max Müller & the philosophy of language,(1879), London: Longmans, Green, & co.
• A sketch of the development of philosophic thought from Thales to Kant(1900) originally an introduction toMax Müller's translation ofKant'sCritique of Pure Reason(Macmillan, 1881)

Further reading

• Bogdanov, A. (1922).Tektologiya: Vseobschaya Organizatsionnaya Nauka.Berlin and Petrograd-Moscow.
• Cloeren, H.J. (1988).Language and Thought: German Approaches to Analytic Philosophy in the 18th and 19th centuries.Walter de Gruyter.
• Müller, F.M. (1890).Three lectures on the science of language and its place in general education.Open Court Publishing Company.
• Müller, F.M. (1887).The Science of Thought.New York: Schribner.
• White, J. (1998). Sources and precursors of Bogdanov's tectology. (pp. 79–91). In John Biggart, Peter Dudley and Francis King (Eds.)Alexander Bogdanov and the Origin of Systems Thinking in Russia.Aldershot: Ashgate.
• D'Alonzo, Jacopo. "Ludwig Noiré and the Debate on Language Origins in the 19th Century."Historiographia Linguistica 44:1.48-72. Amsterdam: Benjamins 2017.
• D'Alonzo, Jacopo. "Ludwig Noiré and the Debate on Language Origins in the 19th Century."History and Philosophy of the Language Sciences. 28 September 2016.

References

• Ludwig Noiréde.Wikisource (bibliography)