M. F. K. Fisher
M. F. K. Fisher | |
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Born | Mary Frances Kennedy July 3, 1908 Albion, Michigan,U.S. |
Died | June 22, 1992 Glen Ellen, California,U.S. | (aged 83)
Pen name | Victoria Berne (shared) |
Occupation | Writer |
Subject | Food, travel, memoir |
Spouse | Alfred Young Fisher Dillwyn Parrish Donald Friede |
Children | Anna, Kennedy |
Mary Frances Kennedy Fisher Parrish Friede(July 3, 1908 – June 22, 1992), writing asM.F.K. Fisher,was an American food writer. She was a founder of the Napa Valley Wine Library. Over her lifetime she wrote 27 books, including a translation ofBrillat-Savarin'sThe Physiology of Taste.Fisher believed that eating well was just one of the "arts of life" and explored this in her writing.W. H. Audenonce remarked, "I do not know of anyone in the United States who writes better prose."[1]In 1991 theNew York Timeseditorial board went so far as to say, "Calling M.F.K. Fisher, who has just been elected to the American Academy and National Institute of Arts and Letters, a food writer is a lot like callingMozarta tunesmith. "[2]
Early life
[edit]Fisher was born Mary Frances Kennedy on July 3, 1908, at 202 Irwin Avenue,Albion, Michigan.She told Albion City Historian Frank Passic:
I… was delivered at home by "Doc" George Hafford, a man my parents Rex and Edith Kennedy were devoted to. Rex was then one of the volunteer firemen, and since I was born in a heatwave, he persuaded his pals to come several times and spray the walls of the house. My father Rex was sure I would be born on July 4, and he wanted to name me Independencia. My mother Edith was firmly against this completely un-Irish notion, and induced Doc Hafford to hurry things up a bit, in common pity.[3]
Rex was a co-owner (with his brother Walter) and editor of the AlbionEvening Recordernewspaper.[4]
In 1911, Rex sold his interest in the paper to his brother, and moved the family to the West Coast, where he hoped to buy a fruit or citrus orchard.[5]The family spent some time inWashingtonwith relatives, and then traveled down the coast toVentura, California,where Rex nearly purchased an orange grove, but backed out after discovering soil problems.[6]He next purchased and briefly owned theOxnard CourierinOxnard, California.[7]From there he traveled toSan Diegoand worked for a local newspaper.[7]In 1912 he purchased a controlling interest in theWhittier Newsand moved the family toWhittier, California.[7]Rex initially purchased a house at 115 Painter Avenue.[8]In 1919, he purchased a large white house outside the city limits on South Painter Avenue.[9]The house sat on thirteen acres, with an orange grove; it was referred to by the family as "The Ranch."[10]Although Whittier was primarily aQuakercommunity at that time, Mary Frances was brought up within theEpiscopal Church.
Mary Frances enjoyed reading as a child, and began writing poetry at the age of five.[11]The Kennedys had a vast home library,[12]and her mother provided her access to many other books.[13]Later, her father used her asstringeron his paper, and she would draft as many as fifteen stories a day.[14]
Mary Frances received a formal education; however, she was an indifferent student who often skipped classes throughout her academic career.[15]At the age of sixteen, her parents enrolled her in a private school:The Bishop's SchoolinLa Jolla,California.[14]After one year there, she transferred to theHarker Schoolfor Girls inPalo Alto, California,adjacent toStanford University;she graduated from Harker in 1927.[16]Upon graduation, she attendedIllinois College,but left after only one semester,[17]In 1928, she enrolled in summer school atUCLAin order to obtain enough credits to transfer toOccidental College.[18]While there, she met her future first husband: Alfred Fisher ( "Al" ).[18]She attended Occidental College for one year; however, she married Al on September 5, 1929, and moved with him toDijon,France.[19]
Career
[edit]Food became an early passion in her life. Her earliest memory of taste was "the grayish-pink fuzz my grandmother skimmed from a spitting kettle of strawberry jam".[20]Her maternal grandmother Holbrook lived with them until her death in 1920. During that period, Holbrook was a source of tension in the household. She was a stern, rather joyless person, and aCampbellitewho firmly believed in overcooked, bland food.[8]She was also a follower of Dr.John Harvey Kellogg's dietary restrictions at theBattle Creek Sanitarium.[8]Fisher would later write that during her grandmother's absences at religious conventions:
[W]e indulged in a voluptuous riot of things like marshmallows in hot chocolate, thin pastry under the Tuesday hash, rare roast beef on Sunday instead of boiled hen. Mother ate all she wanted of cream of fresh mushroom soup; Father served a local wine, red-ink he called it, with the steak; we ate grilledsweetbreadsand skewered kidneys with a daring dash of sherry on them.[21]
An early food influence was "Aunt" Gwen. Aunt Gwen was not family, but the daughter of friends — the Nettleship family — "a strange family of English medical missionaries who preferred tents to houses."[22]The Nettleships had an encampment onLaguna Beach,and Mary Frances would camp out there with Gwen.[22]Rex would later buy the campsite and a cabin that had been built on it.[23]Mary Frances recalled cooking outdoors with Gwen: steamingmusselson fresh seaweed over hot coals; catching and fryingrock bass;skinning and cooking eel; and, making fried egg sandwiches to carry on hikes.[24]Mary Frances wrote of her meals with Gwen and Gwen's brothers: "I decided at the age of nine that one of the best ways to grow up is to eat and talk quietly with good people."[25]Mary Frances liked to cook meals in the kitchen at home, and "easily fell into the role of the cook's helper."[26]
Dijon
[edit]In September 1929, newlyweds Mary Frances and Al sailed on theRMSBerengariato Cherbourg (nowCherbourg-Octeville), France.[27]They traveled toParisfor a brief stay, before continuing south toDijon.[28]They initially found a rental at 14 Rue du Petit-Potet in a home owned by the Ollangnier family.[29]The lodgings consisted of two rooms, with no kitchen, and no separate bathroom.[30]Al attended the Faculté des Lettres at theUniversity of Dijonwhere he was working on his doctorate; when not in class, he worked on his epic poem,The Ghosts in the Underblows.[31]The poem was based on the Bible and was analogous toJames Joyce'sUlysses.[32]By 1931, Fisher had finished the first twelve books of the poem, which he ultimately expected to contain sixty books.[33]Mary Frances attended night classes at the École des Beaux-Arts where she spent three years studying painting and sculpture.[34]The Ollangniers served good food at home, although Madame Ollangnier was "extremely penurious and stingy."[35]Mary Frances remembered big salads made at the table, deep-friedJerusalem artichokes,and "reject cheese" that was always good.[36]To celebrate their three-month anniversary, Al and Mary Frances went to the Aux Trois Faisans restaurant — their first of many visits.[37]There, Mary Frances received her education in fine wine from asommeliernamed Charles.[38]The Fishers visited all the restaurants in town, where in Mary Frances's words:
We ate terrines ofpateten years old under their tight crusts of mildewed fat. We tied napkins under our chins and splashed in great odorous bowls of ecrevisses a la nage. We addled our palates withsnipeshung so long they fell from their hooks, to be roasted then on cushions of toast softened with the paste of their rotted innards and fine brandy.[39]
In 1930,Lawrence Clark Powellcame to Dijon to obtain his doctorate at the University of Burgundy.[40]He came at Mary Frances's suggestion. Powell had become acquainted with Mary Frances when her sister was attending Occidental College, and roomed with Powell's girlfriend. Powell moved into the attic above the Fishers and became lifelong friends with Mary Frances. He described the food at the Fishers' pensione:
Oh my god, how was the food? Jim it was heavenly! Madame Rigoulet [Ollangnier's successor]... was a great cook, and her husband was a great cook of omelets so he always did the omelet. And the food just floated through the air. You reached up in the air and drew it down — marvelous food.[41]
In 1931, Mary Frances and Al moved to their own apartment, above a pastry shop at 26 Rue Monge.[42]It was Mary Frances's first kitchen. It was only five feet by three feet and contained a two-burnerhotplate.[43]Despite the kitchen's limitations, or perhaps because of it, Mary Frances began developing her own personal cuisine, with the goal of "cooking meals that would 'shake [her guests] from their routines, not only of meat-potatoes-gravy, but of thought, of behavior.'"[44]InThe Gastronomical Meshe describes one such meal:
There in Dijon, thecauliflowerswere very small and succulent, grown in that ancient soil. I separated the flowerlets and dropped them in boiling water for just a few minutes. Then I drained them and put them in a wide shallow casserole, and covered them with heavy cream, and a thick sprinkling of freshly gratedGruyere,the nice rubbery kind that didn't come from Switzerland at all, but from theJura.It was called râpé in the market, and was grated while you watched, in a soft cloudy pile, onto your piece of paper.[45]
After Al was awarded his doctorate, they moved briefly toStrasbourg,France, where Al continued to study and write.[46]Mary Frances became depressed from loneliness and being cooped up in a cold, dank apartment.[47]Unable to afford better accommodations, the Fishers next moved to a tiny French fishing village,Le Cros-de-Cagnes.[47]Powell visited with them there for six weeks and observed that Al was growing more introspective. He had stopped work on his poem, was trying to write novels and did not want to return to the States where he knew job prospects were poor. He could not, however, see a way to stay in France.[48]After running out of funds, the Fishers returned to California, sailing on theFeltreout ofMarseilles.[49]
California
[edit]Back in California, Al and Mary Frances initially moved in with Mary Frances's family at "The Ranch".[50]They later moved into the Laguna cabin. This was during theGreat Depressionand work was hard to find. Al spent two years looking for a teaching position until he found one at Occidental College.[51]Mary Frances began writing and she published her first piece — "Pacific Village" — in the February 1935 issue ofWestwaysmagazine (previously known asTouring Topics). The article was a fictional account of life in Laguna Beach.[52]In 1934, Lawrence Powell moved to Laguna with his wife Fay.[53]In 1933,Dillwyn Parrishand his wifeGigimoved next door to them, and they rapidly became friends.[54]
When Al began teaching at Occidental, the Fishers initially moved toEagle Rock, Los Angeles,where the Parrishes helped them paint and fix up an older house they had rented.[55]Unfortunately the home was sold shortly thereafter, and the Fishers had to move to another rented house inHighland Park.[56]Mary Frances worked part-time in a card shop and researched old cookery books at theLos Angeles Public Library.She began writing short pieces on gastronomy. Parrish's sister Anne showed them to her publisher atHarperswho expressed an interest in them.[57]The pieces were later to become her first book:Serve It Forth.Mary Frances next began work on a novel she never finished; it was based on the founding of Whittier.[58]
During this period, Mary Frances's marriage with Al was beginning to fail. After Parrish divorced Gigi in 1934, Mary Frances found herself falling in love with him. In Mary's words, she one day sat next to Parrish at the piano and told him she loved him.[59]Mary Frances's biographer Joan Reardon, however, interviewed Gigi who told a different story. She stated that Parrish told her that one night after he had dined alone with Mary Frances, she later let herself into his house and slipped into bed with him.[60]In 1935, with Al's permission, Mary Frances traveled to Europe with Parrish and his mother.[61]The Parrishes had money, and they sailed on the luxury linerHansa.[58]While in Europe, they spent four days in Paris, and traveled throughProvence,Languedoc,and theFrench Riviera.[62]Mary Frances also revisited Dijon and ate with Parrish at Aux Trois Faisans where she was recognized and served by her old friend, the waiter Charles.[63]She later wrote a piece on their visit — "The Standing and the Waiting" — which was to become the centerpiece ofServe It Forth.[63]Upon her return from Europe, Mary Frances informed Al of her developing relationship with Parrish.[61]In 1936, Dillwyn invited the Fishers to join him in creating an artists' colony at Le Paquis — a two-story stone house that Parrish had bought with his sister north ofVevey,Switzerland.[64]Notwithstanding the clear threat to his marriage, Al agreed.
Vevey
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/SBB_RBDe_560_Train_des_Vignes.jpg/220px-SBB_RBDe_560_Train_des_Vignes.jpg)
The Fishers sailed toHollandon a small Dutch passenger freighter, and from there took a train to Vevey.[65]"Le Paquis" means the grazing ground. The house sat on a sloping meadow on the north shore ofLake Geneva,looking across to the snowcappedAlps.They had a large garden in which
We grew beautiful salads, a dozen different kinds, and several herbs. There wereshallotsand onion and garlic, and I braided them into long silky ropes and hung them over rafters in the attic.[66]
In mid-1937 Al and Mary Frances separated. He traveled to Austria and then returned to the States where he began a distinguished career as a teacher and poet atSmith College.[67]In a December 2, 1938, letter to Powell, Mary Frances explained her side of the marital breakup. She stated that Al was afraid of physical love; he was sexuallyimpotentin their marriage. Moreover, he was an intellectual loner who was emotionally estranged from Mary Frances. Mary Frances stated that contrary to Al's belief, she had not left him for another man; she had left him because he could not satisfy her emotional and physical needs.[68]In 1938, Mary Frances returned home briefly to inform her parents in person of her separation and pending divorce from Al.[69]
Meanwhile, her first book,Serve It Forth,had opened to largely glowing reviews, including reviews inHarper's Monthly,The New York Timesand theChicago Tribune.Fisher, however, was disappointed in the book's meager sales because she needed the money.[70]During this same period, Fisher and Parrish also co-wrote (alternating chapters) a light romance entitledTouch and Gounder the pseudonym Victoria Berne. The book was published by Harper and Brothers in 1939.[71][72]
In September 1938, Fisher and Parrish could no longer afford to live at Les Paquis and they moved toBern.[73]After only two days in Bern, however, Parrish suffered severe cramping in his left leg. Hospitalized, he underwent two surgeries to remove clots.Gangrenethen set in and his left leg had to be amputated. Parrish was in considerable pain and could not get a good diagnosis from his doctors. With the onset ofWorld War II,and Parrish's need for medical care, Fisher and Parrish returned to the States, where he saw a number of doctors. He ultimately was diagnosed as having Buerger's disease (Thromboangiitis obliterans) — a circulatory system malady that causes extremethrombosisof the arteries and veins, causing severe pain, and often necessitating multiple amputations. The disease is progressive and there was (and is) no known successful treatment. They returned briefly to Switzerland to close down their apartment, and returned to California. They also needed to accumulate a stock of the painkiller Analgeticum, the only one that Parrish found efficacious, unavailable in the States.
California and Provence
[edit]Once in California, Fisher searched for a warm dry climate that would be beneficial for Parrish's health. She found a small cabin on ninety acres of land south ofHemet, California.They bought the property and named it "Bareacres" after the character Lord Bareacres inVanity FairbyThackeray.Lord Bareacres was land-poor; his only asset was his estate. Fisher wrote Powell: "God help us... We've put our last penny into 90 acres of rocks andrattlesnakes."[74]Although Parrish's life at Bareacres had its ups and downs, its course was a downward spiral. He continued to paint, and Powell staged an exhibition of his works. Fisher was always trying to find ways to obtain Analgeticum; she even wrotePresident Rooseveltat one point to urge him to lift the import restriction on the drug.[75]Ultimately, Parrish could no longer tolerate the pain and the probable need for additional amputations. On the morning of August 6, 1941, Fisher was awakened by a gunshot. Venturing outside, she discovered that Parrish had committed suicide.[76]Fisher later would write, "I have never understood some (a lot of) taboos and it seems silly to me to make suicide one of them in our social life."[77]
During the period leading up to Tim's death (Parrish was often called "Tim" by family and friends, but referred to as "Chexbres" in Fisher's autobiographical books), Fisher completed three books. The first was a novel entitledThe Theoretical Foot.It was a fictional account of expatriates enjoying a summer romp when the protagonist, suffering great pain, ends up losing a leg.[78]Transparently based on Tim, the novel was rejected by publishers. The second book was an unsuccessful attempt by her to revise a novel written by Tim,Daniel Among the Women.[79]Third, she completed and publishedConsider the Oyster,which she dedicated to Tim. The book was humorous and informative. It contained numerous recipes incorporatingoysters,mixed with musings on the history of the oyster, oyster cuisine, and the love life of the oyster.[80]
In 1942, Fisher publishedHow to Cook a Wolf.The book was published at the height of WWII food shortages. "Pages offered housewives advice on how to achieve a balanced diet, stretch ingredients, eat during blackouts, deal with sleeplessness and sorrow, and care for pets during wartime."[81]The book received good reviews and attained literary success, leading to a feature article on Fisher inLookmagazinein July 1942.[82]
In May 1942 Fisher began working in Hollywood forParamount Studios.While there she wrote gags forBob Hope,Bing Crosby,andDorothy Lamour.[83]Fisher became pregnant in 1943, and secluded herself in a boarding house inAltadena.While there she worked on the book that would becomeThe Gastronomical Me.[84]On August 15, 1943, she gave birth to Anne Kennedy Parrish (later known as Anna).[85]Fisher listed a fictional father on the birth certificate, Michael Parrish.[85]Fisher initially claimed she had adopted the baby; she never revealed the father's identity.
In 1944, Fisher broke her contract with Paramount. On a trip to New York, she met and fell in love with publisher Donald Friede. In a letter to Powell she wrote, "I accidentally got married to Donald Friede." She spent the summer inGreenwich Villagewith Friede, working on the book that would becomeLet Us Feast.[86]Her relationship with Friede gave her entree to additional publishing markets, and she wrote articles forAtlantic Monthly,Vogue,Town and Country,Today's WomanandGourmet.In fall 1945, Friede's publishing entity failed, and Fisher and Friede returned to Bareacres, both to write.[87]On March 12, 1946, Fisher gave birth to her second daughter, Kennedy Mary Friede.[88]Fisher began work onWith Bold Knife and Fork.
Mary Frances's mother died in 1948.[88]In 1949, she moved to the Ranch to take care of her father, Rex.[89]On Christmas Eve 1949, the limited edition release of her translation of Savarin'sThe Physiology of Tastereceived rave reviews. "Craig Claiborneof theNew York Timessaid Fisher's prose perfectly captured the wit and gaiety of the book and lauded the hundreds of marginal glosses that [she] added to elucidate the text. "[90]During this period, Fisher also was working on a biography of MadameRécamierfor which she had received an advance. Her marriage with Donald was starting to unravel. He became ill with intestinal pains and after considerable medical treatment, it became apparent that the pain waspsychosomatic,and Don began receiving psychiatric care. Fisher in turn had been under considerable stress. She had been caretaker for Tim, had weathered his suicide, suffered her brother's suicide a year later, followed by the death of her mother, only to be thrust into the role of caretaker for Rex. Despite her financially successful writing career, Don lived a lifestyle that exceeded their income, leaving her $27,000 in debt.[91]She sought psychiatric counseling for what essentially was a nervous breakdown. By 1949, Donald had become frustrated by his isolation in a small Southern California town and separated from Fisher.[89]Don sought further treatment at the Harkness Pavilion in New York.[91]Fisher and Friede divorced on August 8, 1950.[92]
Her father died June 2, 1953.[93]Mary Frances subsequently sold the Ranch and the newspaper.[94]She rented out Bareacres and moved toNapa Valley,renting "Red Cottage" south ofSt. Helena, California.[93]Dissatisfied with the educational opportunities available to her children, Fisher sailed to France in 1954.[95]She ended up inAix-en-Provence,France. She planned to live in Aix using the proceeds from the sale of her father's paper.[96]
Once in Aix, Fisher lodged with Mme Lanes at 17rue Cardinale.[97]She employed a French tutor and enrolled Anna and Kennedy, then aged 11 and 8, in the École St Catherine.[97]She described Mme Lanes as "incredibly fusty and 'correcte,'" part of the "poor but proud aristocracy."[98]In Aix, her life developed a pattern. Each day she would walk across town to pick up the girls from school at noon, and in late afternoon they ate snacks or ices at the Deux Garçons or Glacière.[99]She never felt completely at home. She felt patronized because she was an American: "I was forever in their eyes the product of a naïve, undeveloped, and indeed infantile civilization...".[100]At one point, an important local woman, introduced to her through mutual friends in Dijon, invited her to lunch. During the meal, the woman sneered at Fisher:
"Tell me dear lady," she would shriek down the table at me, "tell me... explain to all of us, how one can dare to call herself a writer on gastronomy in the United States, where, from everything we hear, gastronomy does not yet exist?"[101]
St. Helena
[edit]Fisher left Provence in July 1955, and sailed forSan Franciscoon the freighterVesuvio.[102]After living in the city for a short period, she decided that the intense urban environment did not provide the children enough freedom.[94]She sold Bareacres and used the proceeds to buy an old Victorian house on Oak Street in St. Helena.[103]She owned the house until 1970, using it as a base for frequent travels. During extended absences she would rent it out.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Societe_du_Canal_de_Provence_20100206_1.jpg/220px-Societe_du_Canal_de_Provence_20100206_1.jpg)
In fall 1959 she moved the family toLugano,Switzerland, where she hoped to introduce her daughters to a new language and culture. She enrolled the girls in the Istituto Sant'Anna Convent boarding school.[104]She revisited Dijon and Aix. Falling back in love with Aix, she rented the L'Harmas farmhouse outside Aix.[105]In July 1961, she returned to San Francisco.[106]
In 1963, Fisher decided to try her hand at teaching at the African-AmericanPiney Woods Country Life SchoolinMississippi.[107]It was not a good experience for her. She received mixed reviews and was not invited back for another term.
She next contracted to write a series of cookbook reviews forThe New Yorkermagazine. Because her St. Helena house was rented out, she moved to her sister's home inGenoa, Nevada,to work on the assignment.[108]
In 1966,Time-Lifehired Fisher to writeThe Cooking of Provincial France.[109]She traveled to Paris to research material for the book. While there, she met Paul andJulia Child,and through themJames Beard.[110]Child was hired to be a consultant on the book;Michael Fieldwas the consulting editor.[111]Field rented out the Childs' country home — La Pitchoune — to work on the book. When Fisher later moved into the house immediately after Field, she found the refrigerator empty. She remarked: "How could a person who loves food be in the south of France and not at least have a piece of cheese in the refrigerator?"[112]Fisher was disappointed in the book's final form; it contained restaurant recipes, without regard to regional cuisine, and much of her signature prose had been cut.[113]
Glen Ellen, California
[edit]In 1971, Fisher's friendDavid Bouverie,who owned a ranch inGlen Ellen, California,offered to build Fisher a house on his ranch. Fisher designed it, calling it "Last House". The presence of ranch staff made it easy for her to use the house as a base for frequent travels. She returned to France in 1970, 1973, 1976 and 1978, visiting, inter alia,La Roquette,Marseilles, and Aix.[114]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/M_F_K_Fisher_home_in_St_Helena.jpg/220px-M_F_K_Fisher_home_in_St_Helena.jpg)
Death
[edit]After Dillwyn Parrish's death, Fisher considered herself a "ghost" of a person, but she continued to have a long and productive life, dying at the age of 83 inGlen Ellen, California,in 1992. She had long suffered fromParkinson's diseaseandarthritis.She spent the last twenty years of her life in "Last House".[115]
Bibliography
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Books
[edit]- Serve It Forth(Harper 1937)
- "Victoria Berne" (M. F. K. Fisher and Dillwyn Parrish under a pseudonym),Touch and Go,a novel (Harper and Brothers 1939)
- Consider the Oyster(Duell, Sloan and Pierce 1941)ISBN0-86547-335-8
- How to Cook a Wolf(Duell, Sloan and Pierce 1942; revised edition: North Point Press 1954)ISBN0-86547-336-6
- The Gastronomical Me(Duell, Sloan and Pierce 1943)ISBN0-86547-392-7
- Here Let Us Feast: A Book of Banquets(Viking 1946; revised edition: North Point Press 1986)ISBN0-86547-206-8
- Not Now butNow, a novel (Viking 1947)ISBN0-86547-072-3
- An Alphabet for Gourmets(Viking 1949)ISBN0-86547-391-9
- Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin,The Physiology of Taste,or Meditations on Transcendental Gastronomy,translated and annotated by M. F. K. Fisher (Limited Editions Club 1949)ISBN978-1-58243-103-1
- A Cordiall Water: A Garland of Odd & Old Receipts to Assuage the Ills of Man or Beast(Little Brown 1961)ISBN0-86547-036-7
- Text by M. F. K. Fisher, photographs byMax Yavno,The Story of Wine in California(University of California Press 1962)OCLC560806180LCCN62-18711
- Map of Another Town: A Memoir of Provence(Little Brown 1964)OCLC1597658LCCN64-10958
- M. F. K. Fisher and the staff of Time-Life Books,The Cooking of Provincial France(Time-Life Books 1968), abridged version:Recipes: The Cooking of Provincial France
- With Bold Knife and Fork(Putnam 1969)ISBN0-399-50397-8
- Among Friends(Knopf 1971)ISBN0-86547-116-9
- A Considerable Town(Knopf 1978)ISBN0-394-42711-4
- As They Were(Knopf 1982)ISBN0-394-71348-6
- Sister Age(Knopf 1983)ISBN0-394-72385-6.
- Dubious Honors(North Point Press 1988)ISBN0-86547-318-8
- The Boss Dog: A Story of Provence(Yolla Bolly Press 1990)ISBN0-86547-465-6
- Long Ago in France: The Years in Dijon(Prentice Hall 1991)ISBN0-13-929548-8
- To Begin Again: Stories and Memoirs, 1908–1929(Pantheon 1992)ISBN0-679-41576-9
- Stay Me, Oh Comfort Me: Journals and Stories, 1933–1941(Pantheon 1993)ISBN0-679-75825-9
- Last House: Reflections, Dreams and Observations, 1943–1991(Pantheon 1995)ISBN0-679-77411-4
- The Theoretical Foot,a novel (Counterpoint 2016)
Collections
[edit]- The Art of Eating,collectsServe It Forth,Consider the Oyster,How to Cook a Wolf,The Gastronomical Me,andAn Alphabet for Gourmets(MacMillan 1954)ISBN0-394-71399-0
- Two Towns in Provence,collectsMap of Another TownandA Considerable Town(Vintage 1983)
- A Life in Letters: Correspondence, 1929–1991,selected and compiled by Norah K. Barr, Marsha Moran, and Patrick Moran (Counterpoint 1998)ISBN1-887178-46-5
- The Measure of Her Powers: An M.F.K. Fisher Reader,edited by Dominique Gioia (Counterpoint 1999)
- From the Journals of M.F.K. Fisher,collectsTo Begin Again,Stay Me, Oh Comfort Me,andLast House(Pantheon 1999)ISBN0-375-70807-3
- A Stew or a Story: An Assortment of Short Works by M. F. K. Fisher,gathered and Introduced by Joan Reardon (Shoemaker & Hoard, 2006)
Limited editions and other books
[edit]- Judith S. Clancy,Not a Station but a Place: Drawings/Collages of and related to the Gare de Lyon, Paris,introduced by M. F. K. Fisher (Synergistic Press 1979)ISBN0-912184-02-7
- Spirits of the Valley(Targ Editions 1985)
- Catherine Plagemann,Fine Preserving: M.F.K. Fisher's Annotated Edition of Catherine Plagemann's Cookbook,annotated by M. F. K. Fisher (Aris Books 1986)ISBN0-671-63065-2
- Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin,Aphorisms of Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin from His Work, The Physiology of Taste,translated by M. F. K. Fisher (1998)
- Two Kitchens in Provence(Yolla Bolly Press 1999)
- Home Cooking: An Excerpt from a Letter to Eleanor Friede, December, 1970(Weatherford Press 2000)
Essays and reporting
[edit]- Fisher, M. F. K. (September 6, 2021)."Once a tramp, always...: on caviar, potato chips, and other favorites–of–a–lifetime".Gastronomy Recalled. September 7, 1968.The New Yorker.Vol. 97, no. 27. pp. 18–21.[116][117]
References
[edit]- ^Lazar, DavidConversations with M. F. K. Fisherat 22 (University of Mississippi Press 1992)ISBN0-87805-596-7
- ^"The Gastronomical She".Opinion: The Topics of the Times.The New York Times.1991-02-28.ISSN0362-4331.Retrieved2023-09-24.
- ^Passic, Frank July 2, 1998 "Famous Food Writer M F K Fisher Was Born In Albion".Albion Recorder,4.
- ^Reardon, Joan (2004),Poet of the Appetites,North Point Press, p. 5.
- ^Reardon 2004,p. 5.
- ^Reardon 2004,p. 5–8.
- ^abcPoet, supraat 8.
- ^abcPoet,supra, 15.
- ^Poet,supra at 20.
- ^Poet, supraat 20. The home has since been torn down and a municipal park named "Kennedy Park" now occupies the site.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 30.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 16.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 31.
- ^abPassionate Years, supraat 32.
- ^Zimmerman, Anne,An Extravagant Hunger: The Passionate Years of M. F. K. Fisher(hereafterPassionate Years) at 31–42 (Counterpoint 2011).
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 35.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 36–39.
- ^abPassionate Years, supraat 39.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 41–42.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 9.
- ^Fisher, M F K,To Begin Again(hereafterBegin Again) at 50–51 (Pantheon Books 1992).
- ^abBegin Again, supraat 24.
- ^Begin Again,25.
- ^Begin Again,26–29.
- ^Reardon, Joan 2008M. F. K. Fisher among the Pots and Pans,15, University of California Press,ISBN978-0-520-26168-6.
- ^Begin Again,29.
- ^Passion, supraat 1.
- ^Dijon is a well-known culinary center and would greatly expand Mary Frances's food world. Her three years in Dijon are recounted in her 1991 bookLong Ago in France.
- ^Extravagant Hunger, supraat 54.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 54.
- ^Fisher, M F K,Long Ago in France: The Years in Dijon(hereafterLong Ago) at (Prentiss Hall 1991).
- ^Starr, KevinMaterial Dreams(hereafterMaterial Dreams) at 376 (Oxford University Press 1990)ISBN0-19-504487-8.
- ^Material Dreams, supraat 376. A long fragment of the poem was finally published in 1940. Despite some critical accolades, the book was a failure. However, the book's innovative graphics by Lustig are still widely admired and the book is a collector's item for that reason.Id.at 379.
- ^Long Ago, supraat 65.
- ^Long Ago, supraat 12.
- ^Long Ago, supraat 14.
- ^Long Ago, supraat 29–30.
- ^Long Ago, supraat 33.
- ^Long Ago, supraat 37.
- ^Material Dreams, supraat 377.
- ^Powell, Lawrence.Looking Back at Sixty oral history transcript – recollections of Lawrence Clark Powell, librarian, teacher and writer(hereafterLooking Back) at 107 (University of California Library 1973)
- ^Material Dreams, supraat 378.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 46.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 47–49.
- ^Fisher, M F K.The Art of Eating(hereafterArt of Eating) at 44 (Hungry Minds Inc. 1990).
- ^Poet, supraat 64.
- ^abPoet, supraat 66.
- ^Looking Back, supraat 112.
- ^Poet, supraat 68.
- ^Poet, supraat 71.
- ^Fisher, M F K.Stay Me, Oh Comfort Me(hereafterStay Me) at ix (Pantheon 1993).
- ^Material Dreams, supra380
- ^Stay Me, supraat ix.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 116; andPots and Pans, supraat 52.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 52.
- ^Poet, supraat 82–83.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 53.
- ^abPoet, supraat 86.
- ^Poet, supraat 84.
- ^Poet, supraat 84 and 84 n.39.
- ^abMaterial Dreams, supraat 380.
- ^Poet, supraat 87–89.
- ^abPots and Pans, supraat 54.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 55.
- ^Poet, supraat 96–97.
- ^Art of Eating, supraat 486–87.
- ^Poet, supraat 103 and 108.
- ^Fisher, M F KA Life in Lettersat 40–43 (Counterpoint 1997).
- ^Poet, supraat 109–10.
- ^Poet, supraat 103–04.
- ^Poet, supraat 112–13.
- ^"Touch and go".Library of Congress Catalog Record. Retrieved 2013-10-17.
- ^Poet, supraat 115.
- ^Life in Letters, supraat 46–47.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 194.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 196.
- ^Poet, supraat 121.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 185.
- ^Poet, supraat 128.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 212.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 214.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 216.
- ^Passionate Years, supraat 219.
- ^abPassionate Years, supraat 220.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 88.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 89–90.
- ^abPots and Pans, supraat 90.
- ^abPots and Pans, supraat 93.
- ^Poet, supraat 203.
- ^abPoet, supraat 195.
- ^Poet, supraat 210.
- ^abPots and Pans, supraat 102.
- ^abPots and Pans, supraat 110.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 103. She sailed out ofOaklandon the MSDiemendyktoAntwerp,where they traveled directly to Aix through Paris.Poet, supraat 237.
- ^Life in Letters, supraat 129.
- ^abPoet, supraat 240.
- ^Life in Letters, supraat 132–33.
- ^Fisher, M F KTwo Towns in Provence(hereafterTwo Towns) at 59–60.
- ^Two Towns, supraat 63.
- ^Arugula, supraat 67.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 108.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 111.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 115.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 114.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 124.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 125.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 126.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 122.
- ^Life in Letters, supraat 118.
- ^Kamp, David,The United States of Arugula(hereafterArugula) at 106 (Broadway Books 2006).
- ^Arugula, supraat 106.
- ^Arugula, supraat 106–07.
- ^Pots and Pans, supraat 140.
- ^O'Neill, Molly (June 24, 1992)."M.F.K. Fisher, Writer on the Art of Food and the Taste of Living, Is Dead at 83".New York Times.Retrieved2007-09-25.
- ^Online version is titled "Notes in cravings".
- ^Originally published in the September 7, 1968 issue.
Further reading
[edit]- Barr, Norah Kennedy (1993), Foreword toStay Me, Oh Comfort Me: journals and stories, 1933–1941, M. F. K. Fisher.New York: Pantheon Books
- A biography of M. F. K. Fisher by Janice Albert
- Ferrarry, Jeannette (1998)M. F. K. Fisher and Me: a Memoir of Food and FriendshipISBN0-312-19442-0
- Reardon, Joan (2004)Poet of the AppetitesNew York: North Point PressISBN0-86547-562-8(also seebio of M. F. K. Fisher by Joan Reardon)
- Derwin, Susan (2003), "The poetics of M. F. K. Fisher", in:Style,Fall 2003
- Green, Michelle (2003) "M. F. K. Fisher's Sonoma – a House Built to Feed Body and Soul",Michelle Green, in:New York TimesAug. 31, 2008
- Zealand, Donald and Randall Tarpey-SchwedM.F.K. Fisher: An Annotated Bibliography(Createspace 2013)
- Zimmerman, Anne (Counterpoint 2011) "An Extravagant Hunger: The Passionate Years of M.F.K. Fisher"ISBN1-58243-546-4
- Zimmerman, Anne (Sterling Epicure 2012) "M. F. K. Fisher: Musings on Wine and Other Libations"ISBN978-1402778131
External links
[edit]- Fisher, M.F.K. at encyclopedia
- M.F.K. Fisher Papers 1860–1995at theSchlesinger Library,Harvard University
- Short radio segment (script and audio)A Thing SharedfromThe Gastronomical MeatCalifornia Legacy Project
- M.F.K. FisheratLibrary of Congress,with 74 library catalog records
- Victoria Berneat LC Authorities, 1 record (Fisher and her second husbandDillwyn Parrishas co-authors)
- MFK Aix FootstepsA photographic walking tour in the footsteps of MFK's Aix-en-Provence. Support from the MFK Fisher Literary Trust MFKFisher @mfkfisherauthor
- MFK Fisher Literary Trust
- 1908 births
- 1992 deaths
- 20th-century American Episcopalians
- 20th-century American non-fiction writers
- 20th-century American women writers
- 20th-century American diarists
- American food writers
- American women non-fiction writers
- James Beard Foundation Award winners
- The New Yorker people
- People from Glen Ellen, California
- People from St. Helena, California
- People from Whittier, California
- University of Burgundy alumni
- American women diarists
- Writers from California
- Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
- The Bishop's School alumni
- M. F. K. Fisher