Motor Industry Software Reliability Association
TheMotor Industry Software Reliability Association(MISRA) is an organization that produces guidelines for the software developed for electronic components used in theautomotive industry.[1]It is a collaboration between numerous vehicle manufacturers, component suppliers and engineering consultancies.
Aim
[edit]The aim of this organization is to provide advice in questions ofquality assurancemainly to the automotive industry for the creation and application of safe, reliable software within vehicles.[2]The mission statement of MISRA is"To provide assistance to the automotive industry in the application and creation within vehicle systems of safe and reliable software".[3]The safety requirements of the software used in control units of Automobiles is specific as compared to that of other industries and devices.
MISRA creates, reviews and publishes (sells) standards, such as theMISRA CCoding Standard for the C programming language, first published in 1998.
History
[edit]MISRA was formed in the 1990s by a consortium of organizations formed in response to theUK Safety Critical Systems Research Programme.This program was supported by theDepartment of Trade and Industryand theEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council.Another program was "SafeIT".
Subsequently MISRA published its first guide,"Development guidelines for vehicle based software",which is considered a foundational element offunctional safetyby the engineering community. This was roughly ten years before the creation of theISO 26262standard.
Organization (MISRA Consortium)
[edit]Since 2021, MISRA is managed by the MISRA Consortium Limited, an independent not-for-profit entity.[4][5]
The Steering Committee is as follows (2024).
Steering Committee
[edit]- Bentley Motors
- DelphiDiesel Systems
- Ford Motor CompanyLtd
- HORIBAMIRALtd
- Peter Jesty Consulting Ltd
- Ricardoplc
- VisteonEngineering Services Ltd
- ZF(and former TRW, which was acquired by ZF)
Former members are:Protean ElectricLtd[6]
Activities
[edit]According to MISRA, the following activities are pursued:
- MISRA Autocode
- MISRA C
- MISRA C++
- MISRA Safety Argument
- Functional Safety
Guidelines
[edit]MISRA guidelines are a set of development guidelines to ensure safe and reliable development of control software forelectronic control units(ECUs). The primary focus of the MISRA guidelines is error prevention, notprogramming style.Among other things, the guidelines are intended to guide and support the following objectives
- Ensure safety
- Ensure security[7]
- Bring in robustness, reliability to the software
- Human safety must take precedence when in conflict with security of property
- Consider both random and systematic faults in system design
- Demonstrate robustness, not just rely on the absence of failures
- Application of safety considerations across the design, manufacture, operation, servicing and disposal of products
As with many standards (for example,ISO,BSI,RTCA), the MISRA guideline documents are not free to users or implementers.[8]
Coding guidelines
[edit]MISRA guidelines are primarily focused and derived for theCandC++programming languages. The main standard is known as "MISRA C" and has been updated several times.
| Language | Standard (year) | Exact specifier | Edition | Incremental Updates | Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | 1998 | MISRA C:1998 | 1st | - | Original guidance emerging from the automotive industry. |
| 2004 | MISRA C:2004 | 2nd | - | Add user feedback and cross-industry applications | |
| 2012 | MISRA C:2012 | 3rd | - | Add support for C99 language features, improved strong typing model, analysis keywords | |
| 2019 | MISRA C:2019 | 1st Revision based on MISRA C:2012 (3rd) with amendment 1 (AMD1) and technical corrigendum 1 (TC1) | Add additional security guidelines | ||
| 2023 | MISRA C:2023 | 2nd Revision based on MISRA C:2012 (3rd) with AMD2, AMD3, and AMD4, plus TC2 | AddC11andC18language features | ||
| 2008 | Initial launch of standard | ||||
| C++ | 2023 | MISRA C++:2023 | Guidelines for the useC++17in critical systems | ||
See also
[edit]- Automotive SPICE
- CERT C
- Coding standards
- High Integrity C++
- IEC 60730
- IEC 61508
- Software quality
- Static program analysis
Weblinks
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Ward, D.D. (2006). "MISRA standards for automotive software".2nd IEE Conference on Automotive Electronics.London, UK: IEE. pp. 5–18.doi:10.1049/ic:20060570.ISBN978-0-86341-609-5.
- ^Pagès, Louis César (2021)."Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA): MISRA C for Software Development HIS Seminar: Standards and Certification".Conference: Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA): MISRA C for Software Development HIS Seminar: Standards and Certification.doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.15024.79369.
- ^"MISRA".Retrieved16 September2024.
- ^"THE MISRA CONSORTIUM LIMITED overview - Find and update company information - GOV.UK".find-and-update pany-information.service.gov.uk.Retrieved16 September2024.
- ^"MISRA Website".Retrieved16 September2024.
- ^"MISRA Web site > MISRA Home > Who are we?".misra.org.uk.Retrieved24 April2024.
- ^Bagnara, Roberto (2017). "MISRA C, for Security's Sake!".arXiv:1705.03517[cs.SE].
- ^"MISRA Web site > Buy online".misra.org.uk.Retrieved23 February2021.