28S ribosomal protein S33, mitochondrialis aproteinthat in humans is encoded by theMRPS33gene.[5][6][7]
Mammalianmitochondrial ribosomalproteins are encoded bynuclear genesand help inprotein synthesiswithin themitochondrion.Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small28Ssubunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75%proteintorRNAcomposition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a5S rRNA.Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition bysequence homology.The 28S subunit of the mammalian mitoribosome may play a crucial and characteristic role intranslation initiation.This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein that is one of the more highly conserved mitochondrial ribosomal proteins among mammals,DrosophilaandCaenorhabditis elegans.Splice variantsthat differ in the 5' UTR have been found for this gene; all variants encode the same protein.Pseudogenescorresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 1q, 4p, 4q, and 20q[7]
Zhang Z, Gerstein M (2003). "Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome".Genomics.81(5): 468–80.doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1.PMID12706105.
