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Madurai district

Coordinates:09°50′N077°50′E/ 9.833°N 77.833°E/9.833; 77.833
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, seeMadurai.

Madurai district
District
Clockwise from top-left:Meenakshi Amman Temple,Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal,Alagar Koyil,Kutladampatti Falls,Jain carvings atYanamalai Hills
Location in Tamil Nadu
Location in Tamil Nadu
Map
Madurai district
Coordinates:09°50′N077°50′E/ 9.833°N 77.833°E/9.833; 77.833[1]
CountryIndia
StateTamil Nadu
Municipal CorporationsMadurai
HeadquartersMadurai
TaluksMadurai North,Madurai South,Madurai East,Madurai West,Melur,Peraiyur,Tirumangalam,Thiruparankundram,Usilampatti,Vadipatti,Kalligudi
Government
• TypeDistrict Administration
• BodyMadurai District Collectorate
•District CollectorM. S. Sangeetha,I.A.S.
•Superintendent of PoliceDongare Pravin Umesh,I.P.S.
Area
• Total3,710 km2(1,430 sq mi)
• Rank16
Population
(2011)
• Total3,038,252
• Rank4
• Density812/km2(2,100/sq mi)
Languages
• OfficialTamilandEnglish
Time zoneUTC+5:30(IST)
PIN
625xxx
Telephone code0452
Vehicle registrationTN-58, TN-59, TN-64[2]
Coastline0 kilometres (0 mi)
Largest cityMadurai
Sex ratio♂-50.5% /♀-49.5%
Literacy81.5%
Lok Sabhaconstituency1
Assembly constituency10
Websitewww.madurai.tn.nic.in

Madurai districtis one of the38 districtsof thestateofTamil Naduin southeasternIndia.[1][3]The city ofMaduraiserves as the district headquarters. It houses the famousSri Meenakshi Sundareshwarar templeand is situated on the banks of the riverVaigai.Thiruparankundramis one of the major tourist place in the district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 3,038,252 with a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males. Aside from the city of Madurai, the larger towns areMelur,Vadipatti,Thirumangalam,Thirupparankundram,Peraiyur,andUsilampatti.[4]It is an important hub for various film shootings. Alanganallur is a popular spot in the district forJallikattu,as are Palamedu and Avaniyapuram.

History

[edit]
The famous Jallikattu atAlanganallur

Maduraiis called by various nicknames likeAthens of the East,Thoonga Nagaram(City that never Sleeps),Naan maada koodal(City of Four junctions),Malligai Managar(City of Jasmine),Koodal Managar(City of Junction)Koil Nagar(Temple city), etc. The main kingdoms which ruled Madurai during various times are thePandyasand theNayaks.[5]

Geography

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The district is bounded byTheniin the west,Sivagangain the east,Dindigulin the north,Virudhunagarin the south and small parts ofTiruchirappalliin the northeast. Madurai district witnessing hot and humid weather throughout the year and considered as hottest district of Tamil Nadu as well hottest city.

Climate

[edit]
Madurai
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
20
30
20
14
32
21
18
35
23
55
38
25
70
37
26
40
36
26
50
36
25
104
35
25
119
34
24
188
33
24
145
30
23
51
29
21
█Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█Precipitation totals in mm
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
0.8
86
68
0.5
90
70
0.7
95
73
2.2
100
77
2.8
99
79
1.6
97
79
1.9
96
77
4.1
95
77
4.7
93
75
7.4
91
75
5.7
86
73
2
84
70
█Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█Precipitation totals in inches

The climate has extremes. There are three distinct periods of rainfall:

  • advancing monsoon period and south west monsoon from June to September, with strong southwest winds;
  • north east monsoon from October to December, with dominant north east winds;
  • dry season from January to May.
  • Madurai District is the hottest district of Tamil Nadu throughout the year. district receives average rainfall and heavy heat which is prevails from March to September. madurai recorded 42°C at the time of September month.

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901666,940—
1911769,360+1.44%
1921800,795+0.40%
1931896,876+1.14%
19411,014,602+1.24%
19511,223,574+1.89%
19611,378,734+1.20%
19711,730,109+2.30%
19812,042,704+1.67%
19912,400,339+1.63%
20012,578,201+0.72%
20113,038,252+1.66%
source:[6]
Religions in Madurai district (2011)[7]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 90.86%
Islam
 
 5.56%
Christianity
 
 3.22%
Other or not stated
 
 0.36%

According to2011 census,Madurai district had a population of 3,038,252,[8]up from 2,578,201 in the 2001 census,[4]for a growth rate of 17.95%. It had a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males, up from 978 in 2001,[4]and much above the national average of 929.[8]A total of 313,978 were under the age of six, constituting 162,517 males and 151,461 females.Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribesaccounted for 13.46% and 0.37% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the district was 74.83%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. 60.78% of the population lives in urban areas.[8]

The district had a total of 794,887 households. There were a total of 1,354,632 workers, comprising 81,352 cultivators, 287,731 main agricultural labourers, 39,753 in house hold industries, 765,066 other workers, 180,730 marginal workers, 11,367 marginal cultivators, 85,097 marginal agricultural labourers, 7,540 marginal workers in household industries and 76,726 other marginal workers.[8]

Languages of Madurai district (2011)[9]

Tamil(92.56%)
Saurashtra(3.20%)
Telugu(2.58%)
Others (1.66%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 92.56% of the population spokeTamil,3.20%Saurashtraand 2.58%Teluguas their first language.[9]

Politics

[edit]
This section istranscludedfrom16th Tamil Nadu Assembly.(edit|history)
Source:[10][11]
District No. Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks
Madurai 188 Melur P. Selvam All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None
189 Madurai East P. Moorthy Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
190 Sholavandan (SC) A. Venkatesan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
191 Madurai North G. Thalapathi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
192 Madurai South M. Boominathan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam(MDMK) SPA
193 Madurai Central Palanivel Thiagarajan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
194 Madurai West Sellur K. Raju All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None
195 Thiruparankundram V. V. Rajan Chellappa All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None
196 Tirumangalam R. B. Udhayakumar All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None Deputy Leader of Opposition
197 Usilampatti P. Ayyappan ADMKTUMK NDA

Madurai district contains the entirety ofMadurai Lok Sabha constituency,and parts ofTheniandVirudhunagarLok Sabha constituencies.

Divisions

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Madurai district comprises 13 talukas andrevenue blocks,same names same boundaries. Under thegram panchayat systemrural administration or the district is done bypanchayat villagesand the taluka headquarters. The revenue blocks are further sub-divided byfirkas.The three taluks, Tiruparankundram, Madurai West and Madurai East, were created in February 2014.[12] The thirteen talukas/blocks are:[13][14][15]

2001 census

[edit]
Village house in Melur

In the 2001 census, Madurai district had only seven talukas: Madurai North, Madurai South, Melur, Peraiyur, Thirumangalam, Vadipatti, and Usilampatti.[16]

Tourist attractions

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Localities

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See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abMadurai (Approved)atGEOnet Names Server,United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
  2. ^"Registration Series Allotted to Regional Transport Offices"(PDF).Government of Tamil Nadu, State Transport Authority.Archived(PDF)from the original on 12 September 2012.
  3. ^"Madurai District, Government of Tamilnadu | Athens of the East | India".Retrieved15 January2021.
  4. ^abc"Census of India 2001: Basic data Sheet: Madurai District, Tamil Nadu"(PDF).The Registrar General and Census Commissioner.
  5. ^"Madurai".britannica.
  6. ^Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  7. ^"Table C-01 Population by Religion: Tamil Nadu".censusindia.gov.in.Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.2011.
  8. ^abcd"District Census Handbook 2011 - Madurai"(PDF).Census of India.Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  9. ^ab"Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Tamil Nadu".Census of India.Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  10. ^"Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Here's full list of winners".CNBCTV18.3 May 2021.Retrieved22 December2023.
  11. ^"Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Full list of winners".indiatvnews.2 May 2021.Retrieved22 December2023.
  12. ^Mariappan, Julie (12 February 2014)."23 new taluks created in Tamil Nadu".The Times of India.Archivedfrom the original on 19 April 2014.
  13. ^"Map: Madurai District Blocks".Madurai District. Archived fromthe originalon 9 July 2018.Retrieved22 November2010.
  14. ^"Reports of National Panchayat Directory: Village Panchayat Names of Madurai, Tamil Nadu".Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India.Archivedfrom the original on 13 November 2011.
  15. ^"Revenue Administration | Madurai District, Government of Tamilnadu | India".Retrieved29 November2020.
  16. ^"2001 Census of India: List of Villages by Tehsil: Tamil Nadu"(PDF).Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. pp. 245–256.Archived(PDF)from the original on 13 November 2011.
  17. ^Suruli FallsSuruli falls
  18. ^"Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)".Census Commission of India. Archived fromthe originalon 16 June 2004.Retrieved1 November2008.
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