Mairasi language
| Mairasi | |
|---|---|
| Native to | West Papua,Indonesia |
| Region | Bomberai Peninsula |
Native speakers | (3,300 cited 1996)[1] |
Mairasi
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | zrs |
| Glottolog | nucl1594 |
Mairasi(a.k.a.FaranyaoandKaniran) is aPapuan languageof theBomberai PeninsulaofWest Papua,Indonesia.
The Northeastern dialect may be a distinct language.
Distribution[edit]
Locations:[2]
- Kaimana Regency
- Interior villages: Umbran, Jamna Fata, Matna, Tarwata, Sara, Kasira, Orai, Wangatnau, Faranyau, and Sarifan
- Coastal villages: Sisir, Foroma Jaya, Warasi, Lobo, Lomira, Morona, Nanggwaromi, Omay (May may), and Warika
- Teluk Wondama Regency
- Naikere District villages: Sararti, Oya, Yabore, Wosimo, Undurara, and Inyora
Phonology[edit]
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Post- alveolar |
Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ||||
| Plosive | voiceless | t | ʔ | |||
| voiced | b | d | dʒ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | ɸ | s | |||
| voiced | β | |||||
| Liquid | r | |||||
| Semivowel | w | |||||
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u |
| Mid | e | o |
| Back | a | |
Pronouns[edit]
Mairasi possessor prefixes are:[3]
sg pl 1 o- ee- 2 ne- e- 3 na- ne-
Morphology[edit]
Case markers[edit]
Noun phrasecase markersin Mairasi:[3]: 546
- instrumental suffix -t
- locative postpositionar
- allativepostpositionev(i)
Some examples:
ovuru-t
machete-INSTR
‘with a machete’
weso
house
ar
LOC
‘in the house’
mundu
village
evi
ALL
‘to the village’
Possessors[edit]
Mairasi possessor prefixes:[3]: 546
sg pl 1 o- ee- 2 ne- e- 3 na- ne-
Examples ofinalienable possessors:
ee-rovo
1PL.POSS-hand
‘our hands’
na-iambi
3SG.POSS-skin
‘his skin’
Directionals[edit]
Mairasi has two directional suffixes, which are only used with movement verbs.[3]: 549
- -aʔi‘up, inland’
- -ari‘down, seaward’
Examples of directional suffixes in use:
o-is-aʔi
1SG.SBJ-stand-up
‘I stand up’
o-fon-ari
1SG.SBJ-sit-down
‘I sit down’
Animacy[edit]
Animacyis marked by the adjective modifiern-, as exemplified by the contrast in the following two noun phrases.[3]: 546
fariri
word
Ø-avwer
INAN-big
‘a big word’
fariri
word
n-avwer
ANIM-big
‘a long-winded person’
Vowel changes can modify the number of animate nouns:[3]: 546
uratu
fish
n-avwer
ANIM-big.SG
‘a big fish’
uratu
fish
n-evwer
ANIM-big.PL
‘big fishes’
References[edit]
- ^MairasiatEthnologue(18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
- ^Ronsumbre, Adolof (2020).Ensiklopedia Suku Bangsa di Provinsi Papua Barat.Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kepel Press.ISBN978-602-356-318-0.
- ^abcdefghFoley, William A. (2018). "The languages of Northwest New Guinea". In Palmer, Bill (ed.).The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide.The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 433–568.ISBN978-3-11-028642-7.
