Mariam Baouardy

Saint Mary of Jesus Crucified القديسة مريم بواردي OCD
Photo c. August 1875.
Virgin
Born	Maryam Baouardy 5 January 1846 I'billin,Ottoman Syria
Died	26 August 1878 (aged 32) Bethlehem,Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem
Venerated in	Catholic Church
Beatified	13 November 1983,Saint Peter's SquarebyPope John Paul II
Canonized	17 May 2015,Saint Peter's SquarebyPope Francis
Feast	26 August

Mariam of Bethlehem

Mariam Baouardy(Arabic:مريم بواردي,orMary of Jesus Crucified,5 January 1846 – 26 August 1878), was aDiscalced Carmelitenunof theMelkite Greek Catholic Church.Born toPalestinianGreek Catholicparents from the town ofHurfieshin the upperGalilee,later moved toI’billin,she was known for her service to the poor. In addition, she became aChristian mysticwho suffered thestigmata,and has beencanonizedby theCatholic Church.

Her path to canonization solidified on 6 December 2014 with the recognition of a final miracle needed for her canonization. In theconsistoryof 14 February 2015,Pope Francisannounced that she would be canonized on 17 May 2015; she was canonized at theVatican.

Life

Early life

Baouardy was born on 5 January 1846 (the eve ofEpiphany) in theGalileanvillage ofHurfeish,later moved toI'billin,in Palestine during theOttoman Empire,to a family that originated inDamascus.Her father was Giries (George) Baouardy and her mother was Mariam Chahine. Mariam was their 13th child and first daughter, and none of her preceding brothers had survived infancy. She was born after the couple made apilgrimageon foot toBethlehem,some 70 miles away, out of desperation after the loss of their children. When they were later blessed with the birth of a daughter, they named her after theVirgin Mary,out of gratitude. She was joined by a new brother, Boulos, two years later.

Baouardy was not yet three years old when her parents died from an illness in 1848, only a few days apart. The siblings were each taken in by relatives on different sides of her family living in other villages. She was taken by a paternal uncle who lived in the same village, and her brother went to live with a maternal aunt. The brother and sister would never see one another again. She was raised in a loving home in comfortable circumstances. As a child, she had a marked spirit of religious fervor, and at the age of five began to fast on Saturdays in honor of the Blessed Virgin.

When Baouardy was eight, her uncle and his wife moved toAlexandria, Egyptto improve their situation. Five years later, in 1858, when she was aged 13, in keeping with tradition, she was engaged by her uncle to his wife's brother, who lived in Cairo. The night before the wedding, she had a religious experience in which she felt called not to marry but to offer her life to God. Upon being told this the following morning, her uncle flew into a rage and beat her severely. Despite this and the subsequent ill-treatment she began to experience from her uncle, she stayed firm in her decision.

Nonetheless, Baouardy felt depressed and alone. She wrote her brother, then living inNazareth,asking him to visit her. The young male servant she asked to deliver the letter drew out of her the cause for her sadness. Upon learning of this, he attempted to woo her for himself, inviting her to convert toIslam.She rejected his proposal, which caused the young man to fly into a rage, in which he drew a knife and cut her throat. He then dumped her body in a nearby alley.

Baouardy then experienced what she was convinced was a miracle. As she related later, a "nun dressed in blue" brought her to a grotto which she could never identify, stitched her wounds, and took care of her.Her voice was affected for the rest of her life as a result of the cut, which a French doctor later measured as being 10 cm. (nearly 4 inches) wide. After being cared for by this mysterious figure for a month, she recovered enough to leave and find work as a domestic servant in the home of an Arab Christian family in the city.

After a year, Baouardy decided to try to meet her brother and traveled by caravan toJerusalem.She felt inspired to make a vow of perpetual virginity there at theHoly Sepulchre.She then took a boat inJaffaintending to head toAcre.Due to poor weather, however, the boat had to stop atBeirut.Taking this as a sign from God, she disembarked and found work as a maid. After working there, she suddenly became blind, which lasted for 40 days, when just as suddenly she recovered her vision. Not long after that, she had a severe fall which seemed to leave her for dead. Her employer cared for her for a month until she recovered, wholly healed.

France and Carmel

In May 1863, a generous patron made it possible for Baouardy to move toMarseille,France, where she became the cook for an Arab family. While there, she felt called to enter a religious order. Rejected by the first groups to which she sought admission, in May 1865, she was accepted as apostulantby theCongregationof theSisters of St. Joseph of the Apparition,who had communities in theHoly Landand already had several Palestinian candidates. It was at this point that she received thestigmataof Christ.

During the last month of this period of candidacy, theMistress of novices,Mother Honorine, who had drawn Baouardy's life story from her, was replaced byMother Veronica of the Passion.After two years as a postulant, Baouardy was up for a vote by the community regarding her admission to the congregation. To her dismay, she was rejected by the sisters charged with making the decision.

At that point, Mother Veronica had just received permission to transfer to the Discalced Carmelite monastery atPauto prepare for her forming a new congregation ofReligious Sistersserving in India, theSisters of the Apostolic Carmel.She invited Baouardy to go with her, writing to that community'sprioressand recommending that they accept the young Arab woman. The prioress took Mother Veronica's advice. In June 1867, both women went to Pau, where they received the Carmelitereligious habit.Baourdy was given thereligious nameMary of Jesus Crucified.

In 1870, Baouardy went with the first group of Carmelite Apostolic Sisters toMangalore,India.She served there for two years before returning to Pau. There she made her profession ofsolemn vowsin November 1871. In September 1875, she helped to found a new monastery inBethlehem,the first of the Order in that region, where she lived until her death.During her whole life, she experienced periods ofreligious ecstasyfrequently throughout the day.

In April 1878, Baouardy played an important role in the identification of the BiblicalEmmausthanks to a privaterevelation.She died on 26 August 1878 in Bethlehem from cancer that had developed in her bones due to the fall she had while working in the monastery, which led togangrenethat spread to her lungs.

Veneration

Baouardy's spiritual writings were approved by theologians on 20 July 1924.Her cause was formally opened on 18 May 1927, granting her the title ofServant of God.Baouardy was declaredVenerableon 27 November 1981,beatifiedbyPope John Paul IIon 13 November 1983, and canonized on 17 May 2015 byPope Francis.She became the secondGreek Catholicto be canonized a saint of theCatholic Church,the first beingJosaphat Kuntsevychin 1867.

In I'billin, a kindergarten, theMiriam Bawardi Elementary Schooland a junior high school are named after Baouardy.

See also

• Emmaus Nicopolis
• Elias Chacour

External sources

• Blessed Mariam of Bethlehem at the site of the Carmelites of the Holy Land