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Maury Wills

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Maury Wills
Wills with theLos Angeles Dodgersin 1961
Shortstop/Manager
Born:(1932-10-02)October 2, 1932
Washington, D.C.,U.S.
Died:September 19, 2022(2022-09-19)(aged 89)
Sedona, Arizona,U.S.
Batted:Switch
Threw:Right
MLB debut
June 6, 1959, for the Los Angeles Dodgers
Last MLB appearance
October 4, 1972, for the Los Angeles Dodgers
MLB statistics
Batting average.281
Hits2,134
Home runs20
Runs batted in458
Stolen bases586
Managerial record26–56
Winning %.317
Teams
As player

As manager

Career highlights and awards

Maurice Morning Wills(October 2, 1932 – September 19, 2022) was an Americanprofessional baseballplayer andmanager.He played inMajor League Baseballas ashortstopfrom 1959 to 1972, most prominently as an integral member of theLos Angeles Dodgersteams that won threeWorld Seriestitles between1959and1965.He also played for thePittsburgh Piratesand theMontreal Expos.Wills is credited with reviving thestolen baseas part of baseball strategy.[1]

Wills was theNational LeagueMost Valuable Player(MVP) in 1962, stealing a record 104 bases to break the old modern era mark of 96, set byTy Cobbin 1915. He was anAll-Starfor five seasons and seven All-Star Games,[2]and was the firstMLB All-Star Game Most Valuable Playerin 1962. He also wonGold Glovesin 1961 and 1962. In a fourteen-year career, Willsbatted.281 with 20home runs,458runs batted in,2,134hits,1,067runs,177doubles,71 triples, 586 stolen bases, and 552bases on ballsin 1,942 games.[3]From 2009 until his death in 2022, Wills was a member of theLos Angeles Dodgersorganization, serving as a representative of the Dodgers Legend Bureau.

Early life

[edit]

Wills was born inWashington, D.C.,to Guy and Mable Wills, the seventh of thirteen children.[4]His parents were originally fromMaryland;his father, born in 1900, worked as a machinist at theWashington Navy Yardand was a part-time Baptist minister. His mother, born in 1902, worked as an elevator operator.[5]

He began playingsemi-professionalbaseball at age 14. AtCardozo Senior High School,Wills starred in baseball, basketball, and football. He earned All-City honors in each sport in his sophomore, junior, and senior years. On the baseball team, he playedthird baseand also pitched.[6]

Professional career

[edit]

Minor leagues

[edit]
Wills as a member of theSeattle Rainiersin 1957

Wills signed with the then-Brooklyn Dodgersin 1950, after graduating from high school.[7]He spent eight years in theminor leaguesfor them. Before the 1959 season, theDetroit Tigersbought his contract for $35,000, but they returned Wills to the Dodgers afterspring trainingbecause they did not think he was worth that salary.[8][9]

Los Angeles Dodgers

[edit]

Pee Wee Reese,the Dodgers'shortstop,retired after the 1958 season. The Dodgers began the 1959 season withBob Lillisat shortstop, but he struggled and the team went toDon Zimmer.When Zimmer broke his toe in June, the Dodgers promoted Wills from the minor leagues. He played in 83 games for the Dodgers, batting.260 with 7 RBI.[3]In the1959 World Series,he played in each of the six games, hitting 5-for-20 with onestolen baseand tworunsin the Dodgers' victory.[3]Before the 1960 season, the Dodgers traded Zimmer. In Wills's first full season in 1960, he hit.295 with 27 RBI and a league-leading 50 stolen bases in 148 games,[3]becoming the firstNational League(NL) player to steal 50 bases sinceMax Careystole 51 in 1923.[7]

In1962,Wills stole 104 bases to set a new MLB stolen base record, breaking the old modern era mark of 96, set byTy Cobbin 1915.[10]Wills also stole more bases than any team that year, the highest total being 99 by theWashington Senators.Wills was caught stealing just 13 times. He finished the season batting.299 with six home runs and 48 RBI,[3]and led the NL with 10triplesand 179singles.[11]Late in the 1962 season,San Francisco GiantsManagerAlvin Darkordered grounds crews to water down the base paths, turning them into mud to hinder Wills's base-stealing attempts.[12]In 1962, Wills played a full 162-game schedule, plus all three games of the best-of-three regular season playoff series with the Giants, giving him a total of 165 games played, an MLB record that still stands for most games played in a single season. His 104 steals remained a major league record untilLou Brockstole 118 in 1974.[13]He won the NLMost Valuable Player AwardoverWillie Mays,with teammateTommy Davisfinishing third.[14]

Wills with the Dodgers, circa 1960

In the1963 World Series,Wills batted 2-for-16 (.133) with one stolen base in the Dodgers' four-game sweep of theNew York Yankees.[3]In the1965 World Series,he played in all seven games and went 11-for-30 (.367) with three runs and three stolen bases in a hard-fought Dodger victory, his third and last World Series title.[3][7]

While playing for the Dodgers, Wills was aGold Glove Awardwinner in 1961 and 1962, was named a NL All-Star five times (5 seasons), and was selected seven times for theAll-Star Game(two games were played in 1961 and 1962).[7]

In the 1966 season, Wills had 38 stolen bases and was caught stealing 24 times.[15]He batted 1-for-13, an.077 average, with one stolen base, in the1966 World Series,as the Dodgers were swept in four games.[3][7]

Pittsburgh Pirates

[edit]

After the 1966 season, the Dodgers went on a postseason exhibition tour of Japan. During the tour, Wills, who was nursing bad knees and felt he was unable to perform, left in the middle and went back home.[16]His leaving was seen as abandonment and disloyalty by Dodgers ownerWalter O'Malleywho was already irked at losing pitcherSandy Koufaxwho had recently retired. Hence, almost as a punishment, the team traded Wills to thePittsburgh PiratesforBob BaileyandGene Michael.[15]

In the 1967 season, he played in 149 games, recording 186 hits, 29 stolen bases (his lowest since having 35 in 1961), three home runs, 45 RBI, and a.302 batting average.[3][17]In the following season, he played in 153 games, getting 174 hits, 31 RBI, and 52 stolen bases, although he was caught stealing 21 times, with a.278 batting average.[3][18]

Montreal Expos

[edit]

On October 14, 1968, theMontreal Exposselected Wills from the Pirates as the 21st pick in theexpansion draft.[7]Wills batted first in the lineup for the inaugural game of the Expos on April 8, 1969. He went 3-for-6 with one RBI and one stolen base in the 11–10 win.[19]He played just 47 games for the team, getting 42 hits, 8 RBI and 15 stolen bases on a.222 batting average.[3][7]An exchange withTed Blackmanof theMontreal Gazetteon May 19 made headlines when Wills struck Blackman in the mouth due to not liking what Blackman had put in the paper, and loose play by Wills later that month led to boos in Montreal.[20]Unhappy in Montreal, Wills briefly retired on June 3[21]but returned to the Expos 48 hours later.[7][20]

Back to the Dodgers

[edit]

On June 11, 1969, the Expos traded Wills to the Dodgers along withManny MotaforRon FairlyandPaul Popovich.[7]In 104 games with Los Angeles, he batted.297 with four home runs and 39 RBI while stealing 25 bases.[3]After the season, Wills finished 11th in NL MVP voting.[22]In the following year, he played in 132 games while having 141 hits, 34 RBI 28 stolen bases, and a.270 batting average.[3]For 1971, he played in 149 games while having 169 hits, three home runs, 44 RBI, 15 stolen bases, and a.281 batting average,[3]resulting in a sixth-place finish in NL MVP voting.[23]However, Wills failed to work out during the1972 Major League Baseball strike,and once the season finally started, he struggled with his reflexes and timing. After a game against the Expos in which he struggled againstCarl Morton,Wills went back to the bench, nodded at managerWalter Alston,and remarked, "He's certainly justified if he takes me out."[8]Alston did indeed replace Wills in the lineup withBill Russellon April 29, and Wills spent the rest of the season as a reserve player while Russell went on to hold the position for the next several years.[8]

Wills played 71 games in 1972, recording 17 hits, 4 RBI and one stolen base and a.129 batting average.[3]In his final MLB appearance on October 4, 1972, he served as a pinch runner forRon Ceyin the top of the ninth inning, scoring a run on a home run bySteve Yeagerwhile also playing the bottom of the ninth inning at third base.[24]On October 24, 1972, he was released by the Dodgers.[25]

Base stealing

[edit]

AlongsideChicago White SoxshortstopLuis Aparicio(who led theAmerican Leaguein stolen bases in nine straight years), Wills brought new prominence to the tactic of stolen bases.[26][27]"Almost single-handedly Maury turned baseball from its love affair with plodding, one-dimensional sluggers and got the game to consider pure speed as serious offensive and defensive weapons," notedTommy John.[8]Perhaps it was due to greater media exposure inLos Angeles,or to the Dodgers' greater success, or to their extreme reliance on a low-scoring strategy that emphasized pitching, defense, and Wills's speed to compensate for their lack of productive hitters. Wills was a significant distraction to the pitcher even if he did not try to steal, because he was a constant threat to do so. The fans atDodger Stadiumwould chant, "Go! Go! Go, Maury, Go!" any time he got on base.[28]While not the fastest runner in the major leagues, Wills accelerated with remarkable speed. He also studied pitchers relentlessly, watching their pick-off moves even when not on base. And when driven back to thebag,his fierce competitiveness made him determined to steal. Once, when on first base againstNew York MetspitcherRoger Craig,Wills drew twelve consecutive throws from Craig to the Mets first baseman. On Craig's next pitch to the plate, Wills stole second.[29]

In the wake of his record-breaking season, Wills's stolen base totals dropped precipitously. Though he continued to frighten pitchers once on base, he stole only 40 bases in 1963 and 53 bases in 1964. In July 1965, Wills was ahead of his 1962 pace.[30]However, Wills at age 32, began to slow in the second half. The punishment of sliding led him to bandage his legs before every game,[31]and he ended the 1965 season with 94 stolen bases.[32]

Managing and retirement

[edit]
Wills with theSeattle Marinersin 1981

After retiring from playing professional baseball, Wills spent time as a baseball analyst atNBCfrom 1973 through 1977. He also managed in theMexican Pacific League—a winter league—for four seasons, during which time he led theNaranjeros de Hermosilloto the 1970–71 season league championship.[33]Wills let it be known he felt qualified to pilot a big-league club. In his book,How To Steal A Pennant,Wills claimed he could take any last-place club and make them champions within four years. TheSan Francisco Giantsallegedly offered him a one-year deal, but Wills turned them down. In August 1980, theSeattle MarinersfiredDarrell Johnsonand named Wills their manager.[34]

According to theSeattle Post-Intelligencer's Steve Rudman, Wills made a number of gaffes. He called for a relief pitcher although there was nobody warming up in the bullpen, held up another game for 10 minutes while looking for a pinch-hitter, and even left a spring-training game in the sixth inning to fly to California.[7][35]

On April 25, 1981, Wills ordered the Mariners' grounds crew to make thebatter's boxesone foot longer than regulation, after receiving complaints thatTom Paciorekwas batting outside the box. The extra foot was in the direction of the mound. However,Oakland AthleticsmanagerBilly Martinnoticed something was amiss and asked plate umpireBill Kunkelto investigate. Under questioning from Kunkel, the Mariners' head groundskeeper admitted Wills had ordered the change. Wills claimed he was trying to help his players stay in the box. However, Martin suspected that given the large number ofbreaking ballpitchers on the A's staff, Wills wanted to give his players an advantage.[36]The American League suspended Wills for two games and fined him $500. American League umpiring supervisor Dick Butler likened Wills's actions to decreasing the distance between the bases from 90 feet (27.4 m) to 88 feet (26.8 m).[37]

After leading Seattle to a 20–38 mark to end the 1980 season, new ownerGeorge Argyrosfired Wills on May 6, 1981, with the Mariners deep in last place at 6–18. His career record was 26–56, for a winning percentage of.317, one of the worst ever for a non-interim manager.[38]

Wills with the Dodgers duringspring trainingin 2009

However,Julio Cruz,himself an accomplished base stealer, credited Wills with teaching him how to steal second base against a left-handed pitcher.[29]Dave Robertssimilarly credits Wills with coaching him to steal under pressure circumstances. "He said, 'DR, one of these days you're going to have to steal an important base when everyone in the ballpark knows you're gonna steal, but you've got to steal that base and you can't be afraid to steal that base.' So, just kind of trotting out on to the field that night, I was thinking about him. So he was on one side telling me 'this was your opportunity.' And the other side of my brain is saying, 'You're going to get thrown out, don't get thrown out.' Fortunately Maury's voice won out in my head."[39]

Wills was a coach on the team from 1996 to 1997 and served as a radiocolor commentatorfor theFargo-Moorhead RedHawksonKNFLuntil 2017.[40]He resumed making appearances with the Dodgers in 2000, serving as a guest instructor in spring training until 2016.[41]

Hall of Fame candidacy

[edit]

As a BBWAA candidate, Wills was on theBaseball Hall of Fameballot for fifteen years, from 1978 to 1992, but never received more than 40.6% of the vote, falling far short of the required 75% to be elected. His vote total fell to half after 1982 and his subsequent arrest in 1983 for cocaine possession likely played a part in why his numbers never recovered.[42]

In 2014, Wills appeared for the first time as a candidate on theGolden Era Committeeelection ballot for Hall of Fame induction in 2015, which required twelve votes.[43]However, he missed getting elected by three votes. All the other candidates on the ballot also missed being elected.[44]

The Golden Era Committee was replaced in 2016 by the four committees, including Golden Days Committee which covered the period from 1950 to 1969.[45]Wills was on the2022 ballotbut he did not receive enough votes for induction.[46]

Entertainment career

[edit]

Throughout most of his major league playing career, Wills supplemented his salary in the off-season by performing extensively as a vocalist and instrumentalist (on banjo, guitar, and ukulele), appearing occasionally on television and frequently in night clubs.[47]He also cut at least two records during this period—one under his own name,[48]the other as featured vocalist withLionel Hampton.[49]For roughly two years, starting on October 24, 1968, Wills was the co-owner, operator, and featured performer of a nightclub, The Stolen Base (also known as Maury Wills' Stolen Base), located inPittsburgh'sGolden Triangleand offering a mix of "banjos, draft beer and baseball."[50][51][52]

By no account, least of all his own, was Wills a consummate virtuoso; "good; not great, maybe, but good," wroteNewsday'sStan Isaacs,reviewing a 1966Basin Street Eastengagement shared withWorld SeriesnemesisMudcat Grant(although Isaacs did single out "a few mean choruses on banjo" ).[53]Nonetheless, the level of proficiency attained on Wills's principal instrument was attested to on two separate occasions by theAmerican Federation of Musicians:first, in December 1962, when the president of Los Angeles Local 47, after hearing just a few minutes of banjo playing, promptly waived the balance of Wills's membership entrance exam,[54]and then, just over five years later, when trumpeterCharlie Teagarden,specifically citing "Maury's banjo-playing ability" (and evidently unaware of Wills's already established membership), "presented him, on behalf of the musicians union, an honorary lifetime membership."[55]

In 1969, Wills appeared in an episode of the television seriesGet Smart,entitled "Apes of Wrath" (season 5, episode 10).[56]

In 1965, Wills recorded two songs for the albumThe Sound Of The Dodgers:"Dodger Stadium" (with teammateWillie Davisand comedianStubby Kaye) and "Somebody's Keeping Score".[57]

Personal life

[edit]

After receiving theHickok Beltin 1962,[58]Wills was determined by theCommissioner of Internal Revenueto have deficiencies in reported income and awards deductions. TheUnited States Tax Courtsupported the Commissioner and thetax casewas brought up to theUnited States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit,which affirmed the decision.[59]

In his 1992 autobiography,On the Run: The Never Dull and Often Shocking Life of Maury Wills,Wills discussed his love affair with actressDoris Day.Day had previously denied this in her 1976 autobiographyDoris Day: Her Own Story.[60]

Wills abusedalcoholandcocaineuntil 1989.[61]He wrote in his autobiography, "In3+1⁄2years, I spent more than $1 million of my own money on cocaine. "[62]In December 1983, Wills was arrested for cocaine possession after his former girlfriend, Judy Aldrich, had reported her car stolen. During a search of the car, police found a vial allegedly containing.06 grams of cocaine and a water pipe. The charge was dismissed three months later on the grounds of insufficient evidence.[63]The Dodgers organization paid for a drug treatment program, but Wills walked out and continued to use drugs until he began a relationship with Angela George, who encouraged him to begin a vitamin therapy program. The two later married.[64]

Wills is the father of former major leaguerBump Wills,who played for theTexas RangersandChicago Cubsfor six seasons. Due to a salacious anecdote in the elder Wills's autobiography,[62]the two had a falling out, but as of 2004 occasionally spoke.[65]

In 2009, Wills was honored by Washington, D.C., andCardozo Senior High Schoolwith the renaming of the former Banneker Recreation Field as Maury Wills Field. The field was completely renovated and serves as Cardozo's home diamond.[66]The Maury Wills Museum inFargo, North Dakota,atNewman Outdoor Field,home of theFargo-Moorhead RedHawks,opened in 2001 and closed in 2017 when he retired.[67][68]

Wills died at his home inSedona, Arizona,on September 19, 2022, at age 89 just two weeks shy of his 90th birthday.[69][70]

Other awards

[edit]

The stolen base "asterisk"

[edit]

While Wills had broken Cobb's single season stolen base record in 1962, theNational Leaguehad increased its number ofgames playedper team that year from 154 to 162. Wills's 97th stolen base occurred after his team had played its 154th game; as a result, CommissionerFord Frickruled that Wills's 104-steal season and Cobb's 96-steal season of 1915 were separate records, just as he hadthe year before(theAmerican Leaguehad also increased its number of games played per team to 162) afterRoger Marishad brokenBabe Ruth's single-season home run record. Both stolen base records were broken in 1974 byLou Brock's 118 steals; Brock broke Cobb's stolen base record by stealing his 97th base before hisSt. Louis Cardinalscompleted their 154th game.[73]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^MLB held two All-Star Games from 1959 through 1962.
  3. ^abcdefghijklmno"Maury Wills Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Rookie Status & More".Baseball-Reference.RetrievedMay 14,2023.
  4. ^Blitz, Matt (December 3, 2021)."D.C. Native Maury Wills May Earn a Spot in the Baseball Hall of Fame".DCist.Archivedfrom the original on March 17, 2022.RetrievedSeptember 20,2022.
  5. ^"Maury Wills (SABR BioProject)".Society for American Baseball Research.His father, Guy Wills, born in 1900 in Maryland, worked as a machinist at the Washington Navy Yard and part-time as a Baptist minister. His mother, Mable Wills, born in 1902, also in Maryland, worked as an elevator operator.
  6. ^"Maury Wills (SABR BioProject)".Society for American Baseball Research.Maury began playing organized baseball at age 14, in a local semipro league. He starred in baseball, basketball, and football at Cardozo High School in Washington, earning all-city honors in each sport as a sophomore, junior, and senior. On the diamond, Wills pitched and played third base.
  7. ^abcdefghij"Maury Wills (SABR BioProject)".Society for American Baseball Research.
  8. ^abcdJohn, Tommy; Valenti, Dan (1991).TJ: My Twenty-Six Years in Baseball.New York:Bantam Books.p. 128.ISBN0-553-07184-X.
  9. ^Holmes, Dan (May 25, 2011)."When the Detroit Tigers Almost Had Maury Wills as Their Shortstop".Vintage Detroit Collection.Archivedfrom the original on September 16, 2021.RetrievedSeptember 16,2021.
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  60. ^Donahue, Deirdre (February 18, 2009)."The New Dish on Doris Day".ABC News.Archivedfrom the original on October 6, 2015.RetrievedSeptember 21,2022.
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  67. ^Peterson, Eric (June 24, 2017)."Maury Wills honored by RedHawks as his museum will close after this season".Inforum.Archivedfrom the original on September 22, 2022.RetrievedSeptember 20,2022.
  68. ^The Maury Wills Museum
  69. ^"Los Angeles Dodgers great Maury Wills, NL MVP in 1962, dies at age 89".ESPN.Associated Press.September 20, 2022.Archivedfrom the original on September 22, 2022.RetrievedSeptember 20,2022.
  70. ^Henson, Steve; Kupper, Mike (September 20, 2022)."Maury Wills, Los Angeles Dodgers star, has died".Los Angeles Times.Archivedfrom the original on September 22, 2022.RetrievedSeptember 21,2022.
  71. ^"Shrine of the Eternals – Inductees".Baseball Reliquary.Archived fromthe originalon September 19, 2020.RetrievedAugust 14,2019.
  72. ^"Maury Wills named to 'Legends of Dodger Baseball'".MLB.MLB Advanced Media.April 13, 2022.Archivedfrom the original on April 17, 2022.RetrievedApril 17,2022.
  73. ^Dwyre, Bill (April 9, 2012)."Fifty years ago, Maury Wills made crime pay off for the Dodgers".Los Angeles Times.Archivedfrom the original on May 30, 2022.RetrievedSeptember 20,2022.

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Awards and achievements
Preceded by Major League Baseballsingle season
stolen baserecord holder
1962–1974 		Succeeded by
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