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Michel Sadelain

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Michel Sadelain, MD, PhD
Michel Sadelain, Genetic Engineer and Cell Therapist
Born1960
Paris, France
Alma mater
  • University of Paris
  • University of Alberta
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Known for
  • T cell engineering
  • chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy
  • Globin gene therapy
Awards
Scientific career
Institutions
WebsiteThe Michel Sadelain Lab

Michel Sadelain(born 1960) is angenetic engineerandcell therapistatMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center,New York, New York, where he holds the Steve and Barbara Friedman Chair.[2]He is the founding director of the Center for Cell Engineering and the head of the Gene Transfer and Gene Expression Laboratory. He is a member of the department of medicine at Memorial Hospital and of the immunology program at the Sloan Kettering Institute.[2]He is best known for his major contributions to T cell engineering andchimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy,an immunotherapy based on the genetic engineering of a patient's own T cells to treat cancer.[3]

Education and career[edit]

Sadelain was born in 1960 in Paris, France,[4]where he earned his MD at theUniversity of Paris,France, in 1984.[5]After obtaining his PhD in immunology at theUniversity of Albertain Edmonton, Canada, in 1989, he trained as a postdoctoral fellow at theWhitehead Institute for Biomedical Research,Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts.[5]While at MIT, Sadelain began his research on genetic engineering.[6]In 1994, Sadelain joined Memorial Sloan Kettering as an assistant member in the Sloan Kettering Institute, where he established programs on human hematopoietic stem cell and T cell engineering.[6]In 2008, he founded the Center for Cell Engineering at Memorial Sloan Kettering.[6]He is a past president of the American Society of Cell and Gene Therapy (2014–2015) and previously served on its board of directors from 2004 to 2007. He served as a member of the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC) of theNIHfrom 2013 to 2015.[5]

Research[edit]

Sadelain and his team study gene transfer in hematopoietic stem cells and T cells, the regulation of transgene expression, the biology of chimeric antigen receptors, and therapeutic strategies to enhance immunity against cancer. Sadelain is a recognized leader in the conceptualization and design of synthetic receptors for antigen, which he named chimeric antigen receptors (CARs).[7]T cells can be engineered to express a CAR to acquire the ability to recognize and destroy cancer cells. Sadelain has referred to CAR T cells as a “living drug.”[8]A CAR typically comprises an antibody fragment (scFv) to recognize the cancer and a modular signaling domain to activate the T cell and promote T cell multiplication and persistence. CAR T cells are made by extracting a cancer patient's T cells, inserting a CAR into the cell using a vector such as a gamma-retroviral or lentiviral vector, and then re-infusing the genetically instructed T cells. Sadelain's current research makes use of genome editing, which he showed makes better CAR T cells when the CAR is expressed from theTRAClocus.[9][10][11]

Sadelain's laboratory designed second generation CARs, which are endowed with both activating and costimulatory properties, which is integral to the success of CAR therapies.[12]In 2003, Sadelain's lab identified CD19 as a target for CAR therapy in mice. Following the establishment of clinical CAR T cell manufacturing by Dr. Isabelle Rivière at MSK, Sadelain's team was the first to report on molecular complete responses induced by CD19 CAR T cells in adults with relapsed, refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia.[13][14][15]The MSK team received FDA breakthrough designation for this treatment in 2014. The US FDA approved the first CAR therapies, targeting CD19 with second generations CARs, in 2017.[16]

Sadelain's research on “off-the-shelf” CAR T cells derived from inducedpluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) is now being developed in a collaboration with Fate Therapeutics. His research with Dr. Prasad S. Adusumilli led to a collaboration with Atara Biotherapeutics, Inc. for a product candidate to treat malignant mesothelioma using mesothelin-targeted CAR T cells named icasM28z.[17]In 2013, Sadelain co-founded Juno Therapeutics Inc.[18][19]

Sadelain also designed lentiviral vectors encoding the β-globin gene for the treatment of severehemoglobinopathies,which includeβ-thalassemiaand sickle cell disease.[20]The MSK team was the first to treat patients with β-thalassemia in the US.[20]The history of the field and Sadelain's contributions are narrated in the 2021 George Stamatoyannopoulos Memorial Lecture at the annual meeting of the American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy.[21][1]

Patents[edit]

Sadelain holds numerous patents in immunotherapy.[22]Sadelain is a named inventor on U.S. Patent No. 7446190B2 covering nucleic acids encoding chimeric T cell receptors.[23]Sadelain is also named on patent U.S. Patent No. 10,370,452 covering compositions and uses of effector T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), where such T cells are derived from a pluripotent stem cell including an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC).[24]The patent is licensed for off-the-shelf, T-cell receptor (TCR)-less CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell product candidate known as FT819.[25][22][26]

Significant publications[edit]

Memberships[edit]

  • CRI Accelerator Leadership[27]
  • The American Society for Clinical Investigation[5]
  • American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)[28]
  • American Society for Clinical Investigation (ASCI)[5]
  • American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy (ASGCT)[5]
  • American Society of Hematology (ASH)[5]

Awards[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^abc"Two Memorial Sloan Kettering Experts Awarded for Pioneering Work - The ASCO Post".ascopost.Retrieved2021-08-03.
  2. ^ab"The Michel Sadelain Lab".MSKCC.RetrievedJune 15,2020.
  3. ^"How Scientists Built a 'Living Drug' to Beat Cancer".Wired.ISSN1059-1028.Retrieved2020-06-15.
  4. ^"La Fondation ARC félicite le chercheur français Michel Sadelain, nouveau lauréat du prestigieux Breakthrough Prize en Life Science".Fondation ARC de la recherche sur le cancer(in French). 2023-10-24.Retrieved2024-04-14.
  5. ^abcdefg"Michel Sadelain, M.D., Ph.D."Cancer Research Institute.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  6. ^abc"Prominent Immunotherapy Researcher Sees Success Beyond the Challenges - The ASCO Post".ascopost.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  7. ^Sadelain, Michel; Brentjens, Renier; Rivière, Isabelle (April 2009)."The promise and potential pitfalls of chimeric antigen receptors".Current Opinion in Immunology.21(2): 215–223.doi:10.1016/j.coi.2009.02.009.ISSN1879-0372.PMC5548385.PMID19327974.
  8. ^Grady, Denise (2013-03-20)."Cell Therapy Shows Promise for Acute Type of Leukemia".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.Retrieved2023-09-13.
  9. ^Eyquem, Justin; Mansilla-Soto, Jorge; Giavridis, Theodoros; van der Stegen, Sjoukje J. C.; Hamieh, Mohamad; Cunanan, Kristen M.; Odak, Ashlesha; Gönen, Mithat; Sadelain, Michel (March 2017)."Targeting a CAR to the TRAC locus with CRISPR/Cas9 enhances tumour rejection".Nature.543(7643): 113–117.Bibcode:2017Natur.543..113E.doi:10.1038/nature21405.ISSN1476-4687.PMC5558614.PMID28225754.
  10. ^"'Living Drug' That Fights Cancer By Harnessing Immune System Clears Key Hurdle ".wbur.org.Retrieved2020-09-03.
  11. ^"Inside Cancer's Newest Miracle Cure".Time.Retrieved2020-09-03.
  12. ^Maher, John; Brentjens, Renier J.; Gunset, Gertrude; Rivière, Isabelle; Sadelain, Michel (January 2002)."Human T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity and proliferation directed by a single chimeric TCRzeta /CD28 receptor".Nature Biotechnology.20(1): 70–75.doi:10.1038/nbt0102-70.ISSN1087-0156.PMID11753365.S2CID20302096.
  13. ^"The Possibilities and Risks of Genetically Altering Immune Cells to Fight Cancer".Smithsonian Magazine.Retrieved2020-09-03.
  14. ^Brentjens, Renier J.; Davila, Marco L.; Riviere, Isabelle; Park, Jae; Wang, Xiuyan; Cowell, Lindsay G.; Bartido, Shirley; Stefanski, Jolanta; Taylor, Clare; Olszewska, Malgorzata; Borquez-Ojeda, Oriana (2013-03-20)."CD19-Targeted T Cells Rapidly Induce Molecular Remissions in Adults with Chemotherapy-Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia".Science Translational Medicine.5(177): 177ra38.doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3005930.ISSN1946-6234.PMC3742551.PMID23515080.
  15. ^"Cell Therapy Shows Remarkable Ability to Eradicate Cancer in Clinical Study".mskcc.org.2014-02-19.Retrieved2020-09-03.
  16. ^Sadelain, Michel (2017-12-14)."CD19 CAR T Cells".Cell.171(7): 1471.doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.002.ISSN0092-8674.PMID29245005.S2CID43075053.
  17. ^"Preliminary Results Show Activity for Mesothelin‑Directed CAR T-Cell Therapy in Malignant Mesothelioma - The ASCO Post".ascopost.Retrieved2020-09-03.
  18. ^"Biotech's Coming Cancer Cure".MIT Technology Review.Retrieved2020-09-03.
  19. ^"Letter Agreement, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center".sec.gov.Retrieved2020-09-03.
  20. ^abMay, Chad; Rivella, Stefano; Callegari, John; Heller, Glenn; Gaensler, Karen M. L.; Luzzatto, Lucio; Sadelain, Michel (July 2000)."Therapeutic haemoglobin synthesis in β-thalassaemic mice expressing lentivirus-encoded human β-globin".Nature.406(6791): 82–86.Bibcode:2000Natur.406...82M.doi:10.1038/35017565.ISSN1476-4687.PMID10894546.S2CID4355996.
  21. ^"2021 ASGCT George Stamatoyannopoulos Memorial Lecture | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center".mskcc.org.Retrieved2021-08-03.
  22. ^ab"Michel Sadelain Inventions, Patents and Patent Applications - Justia Patents Search".patents.justia.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  23. ^"Analytics for US Patent No. 8399645, Chimeric receptors with 4-1BB stimulatory signaling domain".patentbuddy.Retrieved2021-08-03.
  24. ^"Fate Therapeutics, MSK to Develop Off-the-Shelf T-Cell Immunotherapies".GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.2016-09-07.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  25. ^"Fate Therapeutics Announces Issuance of Foundational U.S. Patent Covering iPSC-derived CAR T Cells | Fate Therapeutics, Inc".ir.fatetherapeutics.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  26. ^"Patent Database Search Results:" michel sadelain "in US Patent Collection".patft.uspto.gov.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  27. ^"CRI Clinical Accelerator Leadership".Cancer Research Institute.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  28. ^Research, American Association for Cancer (2013-04-18)."Driving Ahead with CAR T Cells".Cancer Discovery.3(6): 595.2–596.doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-NB2013-059.ISSN2159-8274.
  29. ^"William B. Coley Award".Cancer Research Institute.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  30. ^"Michel Sadelain recognized for Thalassemia work".stemcell.ny.gov.NYSTEM.
  31. ^"Award".The Passano Foundation, Inc.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  32. ^"World-Renowned Immunologist Michel Sadelain Wins Pasteur-Weizmann/Servier Prize".Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.2018-10-16.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  33. ^"Gabbay award given to scientists whose research brought about new cancer treatments".BrandeisNOW.Retrieved2020-07-15.
  34. ^"Michel Sadelain, 2019 International Prize".Inserm - From science to health.Retrieved2020-09-03.
  35. ^"The Golden Age of Gene Therapy: Past, Present and Future Perspectives".BigMarker.Retrieved2020-09-03.
  36. ^"Citation Laureates 2023_Physiology or Medicine".Citation Laureates.Clarivate.Archivedfrom the original on September 19, 2023.RetrievedSeptember 19,2023.
  37. ^"BREAKTHROUGH PRIZE ANNOUNCES 2024 LAUREATES IN LIFE SCIENCES, FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS, AND MATHEMATICS".BREAKTHROUGH PRIZE.September 14, 2023.RetrievedSeptember 14,2023.
  38. ^Canada Gairdner International Award 2024

External links[edit]

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