Monomoy Island
Monomoy Islandis an 8-mile-long (13-kilometre) spit of sand extending southwest fromChatham,Cape Codoff theMassachusettsmainland. Because of shifting sands and water levels, it is often connected to the mainland, and at other times is separated from it. It is home to theMonomoy National Wildlife Refuge.It is referred to in the 1691Massachusetts CharterasCape Mallabar,also spelledCape Malabar.
History
[edit]Despite its remoteness, Monomoy was home to its own community as early as 1710. A tavern for sailors was opened up in the location of today's Hospital Pond, known then as Wreck Cove.
During the early 19th century, a deep natural harbor at Monomoy's inner shore known as the Powder Hole attracted a sizeable fishing settlement. In its prime,Whitewash Villagehoused about 200 residents, a tavern inn called Monomoit House, and Public School #13, which boasted 16 students at one time.Codandmackerelbrought in to the Monomoy port were dried and packed for markets inBostonandNew York City.Lobsterswere also plentiful, providing both food and income for the villagers, who peddled them to mainlanders at about two cents apiece.
The village was abandoned after its harbor was washed away by a hurricane around 1860. It remained uninhabited until 1863 when it was reconstructed and reinhabited until 1876.
A storm in the spring of 1958 carved a wide, shallow channel between Morris Island and Monomoy, separating it from the mainland. TheBlizzard of 1978further divided the island into North Monomoy and South Monomoy. A storm during the winter of 2006-2007 once again reconnected South Monomoy to the mainland, although North Monomoy remains an island. The island was designated a Federal Wildlife Refuge in 1970, serving as an important stop on the migratory routes of 285 species of birds. Since gaining federal protection in 1972,gray sealshave become a common sight on Monomoy and nearbyChatham'sSouth Beach island. Part of the refuge is theMonomoy Wilderness.[1]
Monomoy has no human residents, no electricity, and no paved roads. The only extant reminder of Monomoy's habitation is theMonomoy Point Light,which operated from 1828 to 1923. The wooden lightkeeper's quarters, the cast iron light tower, and the brick generator house are on the point of South Monomoy.
Monomoy was taken over by the US government just beforeWorld War II.In 1944, the island was home to theMonomoy Island Gunnery Range,mainly used by the US Army Air Forces and other services for bombing and aerial gunnery practice, with theMonomoy National Wildlife Refugeestablished the same year. The gunnery range was abandoned by 1951, while the wildlife refuge still exists. The former gunnery and bombing range was surveyed under theUnited States Army Corps of EngineersFormerly Used Defense Sites(FUDS) program for possibleunexploded ordnancein 1995. None was found, though the survey noted that similar searches took place in 1950 and 1951, and circa 1965 the wildlife refuge manager at the time found some 5 lb (2.3 kg) practice bombs. By 1995 the former bombing target was under water due to shifting of the island.[2]
Since 2013, there has been a surge of Atlanticgreat white sharksightings off the coast of the islands.[3]Some of the sharks have been tagged by the crew of the F/VEzyduzit.[4]
References
[edit]- ^Monomoy WildernessArchived2012-10-01 at theWayback Machine- Wilderness.net
- ^"Monomoy Island Army/Air Force Gunnery Range"(PDF).United States Army Corps of Engineers.September 1995. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2 January 2014.Retrieved25 July2020.
- ^"Surging shark activity puts Cape Cod in the jaws of a craze".Providence Journal. Archived fromthe originalon August 5, 2013.RetrievedOctober 9,2014.
- ^Website mentioning shark tagging at MonomoyPhotography
Further reading
[edit]- Ballou, G.H. (February 1864)."Monomoy".Harper's New Monthly Magazine.28(165): 305–11.RetrievedFebruary 3,2017– via harpers.org.